在研究元胞自动机理论过程中，Conway发明生命游戏(Game of Life、GoL)，在1970s风靡一时。
这是0人游戏，即按照初始的设置，游戏自动演化。在类似围棋的棋盘中，每一个格子可以是空格或者存在一个生命/细胞/Cell；每一个格子有8个相邻的格子(正上方、正下方、右侧、左侧、左上方、右上方、左下方以及右下方)，相邻的格子中存活的生命数量称为其邻居(neighbor)数。在世代交替时，所有的格子根据其邻居数，诞生新生命、Cell保持存活或者Cell死亡。
生命演化规则：B3/S23
- 一个生命如果恰好有2个或3个邻居，它会存活到下一个世代；否则，会因为孤独或拥挤而死亡。
- 一个空格，如果恰好有3个邻居，则诞生一个新生命。
Java项目GameOfLife结构：
1、Life
package net.hw.game;
/**
* Created by howard on 2018/2/8.
*/
public class Life {
private int maxRow;
private int maxCol;
private int[][] grid;
public Life(int maxRow, int maxCol) {
this.maxRow = maxRow;
this.maxCol = maxCol;
grid = new int[maxRow + 2][maxCol + 2];
for (int row = 0; row <= maxRow + 1; row++)
for (int col = 0; col <= maxCol + 1; col++)
grid[row][col] = 0;
}
public int[][] getGrid() {
return grid;
}
public void setGrid(int[][] grid) {
this.grid = grid;
}
public void update() {
int[][] newGrid = new int[maxRow + 2][maxCol + 2];
for (int row = 1; row <= maxRow; row++)
for (int col = 1; col <= maxCol; col++)
switch (getNeighborCount(row, col)) {
case 2:
newGrid[row][col] = grid[row][col]; // Status stays the same.
break;
case 3:
newGrid[row][col] = 1; // Cell is alive.
break;
default:
newGrid[row][col] = 0; // Cell is dead.
}
for (int row = 1; row <= maxRow; row++)
for (int col = 1; col <= maxCol; col++)
grid[row][col] = newGrid[row][col];
}
private int getNeighborCount(int row, int col) {
int count = 0;
for (int i = row - 1; i <= row + 1; i++)
for (int j = col - 1; j <= col + 1; j++)
count += grid[i][j]; // Increase the count if neighbor is alive.
count -= grid[row][col]; // Reduce count, since cell is not its own neighbor.
return count;
}
}
2、GameFrame
package net.hw.game;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;import java.util.Arrays;/** * Created by howard on 2018/2/8. */public class GameFrame extends JFrame implements ActionListener { private static GameFrame frame; private JPanel backPanel, centerPanel, bottomPanel; private JButton btnOK, btnNextGeneration, btnStart, btnStop, btnExit; private JButton[][] btnBlock; private JLabel lblRow, lblCol; private JComboBox rowList, colList; private boolean[][] isSelected; private int maxRow, maxCol; private Life life; private boolean isRunning; private Thread thread; private boolean isDead; public static void main(String arg[]) { frame = new GameFrame("生命游戏V1.0"); } public int getMaxRow() { return maxRow; } public void setMaxRow(int maxRow) { this.maxRow = maxRow; } public int getMaxCol() { return maxCol; } public void setMaxCol(int maxCol) { this.maxCol = maxCol; } public void initGUI() { /** * 设计地图生成器界面 * */ if (maxRow == 0) { maxRow = 20; } if (maxCol == 0) { maxCol = 60; } life = new Life(maxRow, maxCol); backPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout()); centerPanel = new JPanel(new GridLayout(maxRow, maxCol)); bottomPanel = new JPanel(); rowList = new JComboBox(); for (int i = 3; i <= 20; i++) { rowList.addItem(String.valueOf(i)); } colList = new JComboBox(); for (int i = 3; i <= 60; i++) { colList.addItem(String.valueOf(i)); } rowList.setSelectedIndex(maxRow - 3); colList.setSelectedIndex(maxCol - 3); btnOK = new JButton("确定"); btnNextGeneration = new JButton("下一代"); btnBlock = new JButton[maxRow][maxCol]; btnStart = new JButton("开始演化"); btnStop = new JButton("停止演化"); btnExit = new JButton("退出"); isSelected = new boolean[maxRow][maxCol]; lblRow = new JLabel("设置行数："); lblCol = new JLabel("设置列数："); this.setContentPane(backPanel); backPanel.add(centerPanel, "Center"); backPanel.add(bottomPanel, "South"); for (int i = 0; i < maxRow; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < maxCol; j++) { btnBlock[i][j] = new JButton(""); btnBlock[i][j].setBackground(Color.WHITE); centerPanel.add(btnBlock[i][j]); } } bottomPanel.add(lblRow); bottomPanel.add(rowList); bottomPanel.add(lblCol); bottomPanel.add(colList); bottomPanel.add(btnOK); bottomPanel.add(btnNextGeneration); bottomPanel.add(btnStart); bottomPanel.add(btnStop); bottomPanel.add(btnExit); // 设置窗口 this.setSize(900, 620); this.setResizable(false); this.setLocationRelativeTo(null); // 让窗口在屏幕居中 // 将窗口设置为可见的 this.setVisible(true); // 注册监听器 this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) { System.exit(0); } }); btnOK.addActionListener(this); btnNextGeneration.addActionListener(this); btnStart.addActionListener(this); btnStop.addActionListener(this); btnExit.addActionListener(this); for (int i = 0; i < maxRow; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < maxCol; j++) { btnBlock[i][j].addActionListener(this); } } } public GameFrame(String name) { super(name); initGUI(); } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if (e.getSource() == btnOK) { frame.setMaxRow(rowList.getSelectedIndex() + 3); frame.setMaxCol(colList.getSelectedIndex() + 3); initGUI(); life = new Life(getMaxRow(), getMaxCol()); } else if (e.getSource() == btnNextGeneration) { makeNextGeneration(); } else if (e.getSource() == btnStart) { isRunning = true; thread = new Thread(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { while (isRunning) { makeNextGeneration(); boolean isSame = true; try { Thread.sleep(500); } catch (InterruptedException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } isDead = true; for(int row = 1; row <= maxRow; row++) { for (int col = 1; col <= maxCol; col++) { if (life.getGrid()[row][col] != 0) { isDead = false; break; } } if (!isDead) { break; } } if (isDead) { JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, "生命消失了~"); isRunning = false; thread = null; } } } }); thread.start(); } else if (e.getSource() == btnStop) { isRunning = false; thread = null; } else if (e.getSource() == btnExit) { System.exit(0); } else { int[][] grid = life.getGrid(); for (int i = 0; i < maxRow; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < maxCol; j++) { if (e.getSource() == btnBlock[i][j]) { isSelected[i][j] = !isSelected[i][j]; if (isSelected[i][j]) { btnBlock[i][j].setBackground(Color.BLACK); grid[i + 1][j + 1] = 1; } else { btnBlock[i][j].setBackground(Color.WHITE); grid[i + 1][j + 1] = 0; } break; } } } life.setGrid(grid); } } private void makeNextGeneration() { life.update(); int[][] grid = life.getGrid(); for (int i = 0; i < maxRow; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < maxCol; j++) { if (grid[i + 1][j + 1] == 1) { btnBlock[i][j].setBackground(Color.BLACK); } else { btnBlock[i][j].setBackground(Color.WHITE); } } } }}
运行程序，结果如下：
可以设置行数与列数：
设置生命初始布局：
单击【下一代】按钮：
再次单击【下一代】按钮：
重新设置生命初始布局，单击【开始演化】，生命会自动按照规则进行演化，直到单击【停止演化】为止。
