下面讲了一下基于centos操作系统，把vim7.4升级到vim8.0的全过程。升级过程中遇到的任何问题均可留言与我讨论。
1、首先下载vim8.0：
# mkdir download
# cd download
# git clone https://github.com/vim/vim.git
2、查看配置选项：
#cd vim
#./configure --help
显示如下：
<标红的是我使用的编译选项>
`configure' configures this package to adapt to many kinds of systems.
Usage: auto/configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them as
VAR=VALUE. See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.
Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.
Configuration:
-h, --help display this help and exit
--help=short display options specific to this package
--help=recursive display the short help of all the included packages
-V, --version display version information and exit
-q, --quiet, --silent do not print `checking ...' messages
--cache-file=FILE cache test results in FILE [disabled]
-C, --config-cache alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
-n, --no-create do not create output files
--srcdir=DIR find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']
Installation directories:
--prefix=PREFIX install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
[/usr/local]
--exec-prefix=EPREFIX install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
[PREFIX]
By default, `make install' will install all the files in
`/usr/local/bin', `/usr/local/lib' etc. You can specify
an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' using `--prefix',
for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.
For better control, use the options below.
Fine tuning of the installation directories:
--bindir=DIR user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
--sbindir=DIR system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
--libexecdir=DIR program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
--sysconfdir=DIR read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
--sharedstatedir=DIR modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
--localstatedir=DIR modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
--runstatedir=DIR modifiable per-process data [LOCALSTATEDIR/run]
--libdir=DIR object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
--includedir=DIR C header files [PREFIX/include]
--oldincludedir=DIR C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
--datarootdir=DIR read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
--datadir=DIR read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
--infodir=DIR info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
--localedir=DIR locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
--mandir=DIR man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
--docdir=DIR documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/PACKAGE]
--htmldir=DIR html documentation [DOCDIR]
--dvidir=DIR dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
--pdfdir=DIR pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
--psdir=DIR ps documentation [DOCDIR]
X features:
--x-includes=DIR X include files are in DIR
--x-libraries=DIR X library files are in DIR
Optional Features:
--disable-option-checking ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
--disable-FEATURE do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
--enable-FEATURE[=ARG] include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
--enable-fail-if-missing Fail if dependencies on additional features
specified on the command line are missing.
--disable-darwin Disable Darwin (Mac OS X) support.
--disable-smack Do not check for Smack support.
--disable-selinux Do not check for SELinux support.
--disable-xsmp Disable XSMP session management
--disable-xsmp-interact Disable XSMP interaction
--enable-luainterp=OPTS Include Lua interpreter. default=no OPTS=no/yes/dynamic
--enable-mzschemeinterp Include MzScheme interpreter.
--enable-perlinterp=OPTS Include Perl interpreter. default=no OPTS=no/yes/dynamic
--enable-pythoninterp=OPTS Include Python interpreter. default=no OPTS=no/yes/dynamic
--enable-python3interp=OPTS Include Python3 interpreter. default=no OPTS=no/yes/dynamic
--enable-tclinterp=OPTS Include Tcl interpreter. default=no OPTS=no/yes/dynamic
--enable-rubyinterp=OPTS Include Ruby interpreter. default=no OPTS=no/yes/dynamic
--enable-cscope Include cscope interface.
--enable-workshop Include Sun Visual Workshop support.
--disable-netbeans Disable NetBeans integration support.
--disable-channel Disable process communication support.
--enable-multibyte Include multibyte editing support.
--enable-hangulinput Include Hangul input support.
--enable-xim Include XIM input support.
--enable-fontset Include X fontset output support.
--enable-gui=OPTS X11 GUI default=auto OPTS=auto/no/gtk2/gnome2/gtk3/motif/athena/neXtaw/photon/carbon
--enable-gtk2-check If auto-select GUI, check for GTK+ 2 default=yes
--enable-gnome-check If GTK GUI, check for GNOME default=no
--enable-gtk3-check If auto-select GUI, check for GTK+ 3 default=yes
--enable-motif-check If auto-select GUI, check for Motif default=yes
--enable-athena-check If auto-select GUI, check for Athena default=yes
--enable-nextaw-check If auto-select GUI, check for neXtaw default=yes
--enable-carbon-check If auto-select GUI, check for Carbon default=yes
--disable-gtktest Do not try to compile and run a test GTK program
--disable-icon-cache-update update disabled
--disable-desktop-database-update update disabled
--disable-largefile omit support for large files
--disable-acl Don't check for ACL support.
--disable-gpm Don't use gpm (Linux mouse daemon).
--disable-sysmouse Don't use sysmouse (mouse in *BSD console).
--disable-nls Don't support NLS (gettext()).
Optional Packages:
--with-PACKAGE[=ARG] use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
--without-PACKAGE do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
--with-mac-arch=ARCH current, intel, ppc or both
--with-developer-dir=PATH use PATH as location for Xcode developer tools
--with-local-dir=PATH search PATH instead of /usr/local for local libraries.
--without-local-dir do not search /usr/local for local libraries.
--with-vim-name=NAME what to call the Vim executable
--with-ex-name=NAME what to call the Ex executable
--with-view-name=NAME what to call the View executable
--with-global-runtime=DIR global runtime directory in 'runtimepath'
--with-modified-by=NAME name of who modified a release version
--with-features=TYPE tiny, small, normal, big or huge (default: huge)
--with-compiledby=NAME name to show in :version message
--with-lua-prefix=PFX Prefix where Lua is installed.
--with-luajit Link with LuaJIT instead of Lua.
--with-plthome=PLTHOME Use PLTHOME.
--with-python-config-dir=PATH Python's config directory
--with-python3-config-dir=PATH Python's config directory
--with-tclsh=PATH which tclsh to use (default: tclsh8.0)
--with-ruby-command=RUBY name of the Ruby command (default: ruby)
--with-x use the X Window System
--with-gnome-includes=DIR Specify location of GNOME headers
--with-gnome-libs=DIR Specify location of GNOME libs
--with-gnome Specify prefix for GNOME files
--with-motif-lib=STRING Library for Motif
--with-tlib=library terminal library to be used
Some influential environment variables:
CC C compiler command
CFLAGS C compiler flags
LDFLAGS linker flags, e.g. -L<lib dir> if you have libraries in a
nonstandard directory <lib dir>
LIBS libraries to pass to the linker, e.g. -l<library>
CPPFLAGS (Objective) C/C++ preprocessor flags, e.g. -I<include dir> if
you have headers in a nonstandard directory <include dir>
CPP C preprocessor
XMKMF Path to xmkmf, Makefile generator for X Window System
Use these variables to override the choices made by `configure' or to help
it to find libraries and programs with nonstandard names/locations.
Report bugs to the package provider.
2、配置并生成makefile
#./configure --prefix=/usr --includedir=/usr/lib/perl5/CORE/ --enable-luainterp=yes --enable-perlinterp=yes --enable-pythoninterp=yes --with-python-config-dir=/usr/lib64/python2.7/config --enable-rubyinterp=yes --with-ruby-command=ruby --enable-cscope --enable-multibyte --enable-hangulinput --enable-xim --enable-fontset --with-modified-by=shlian --with-compiledby=shlian --with-lua-prefix=/usr/bin/
注意：标红的代表你需要根据自己电脑的配置情况修改相应的路径。
3、编译及安装
#sudo make && sudo make install
如果make过程中出错，请安装相应的依赖包，下面列出了常用的依赖包。
4、安装不存在的依赖包：
4.1 yum install perl-devel #让vim支持perl解释器
4.2 yum install perl-ExtUtils-Embed #安装包解决：找不到EXTERN.h文件的问题
4.3 yum install ruby-devel #让vim支持ruby解释器
4.4 yum install python-devel #让vim支持python解释器