出处：
|
元字符 |
说明 |
|
^ |
匹配字符串的开始位置 |
|
$ |
匹配字符串的结束位置 |
|
. |
匹配任意单个字符（换行符 \n 除外） |
|
| |
交替 |
|
{…} |
指定要限定的数量 |
|
[...] |
指定要匹配的字符集 |
|
(…) |
对表达式进行逻辑分组 |
|
* |
匹配零或多个前面的表达式 |
|
+ |
匹配一或多个前面的表达式 |
|
? |
匹配零或一个前面的表达式 |
|
\ |
放在上面任何一个字符之前，表示匹配该字符本身。放在其他特殊字符后面，表示字符转义（见下面） |
|
字符转义 |
说明 |
|
原始字符 |
除 . $ ^ { [ ( | ) ] } * + ? \ 之外的字符均匹配自身 |
|
\a |
匹配铃声（闹铃）\u0007 |
|
\b |
在[]中匹配一个空格 \u0008，在其他情况下匹配字边界（位于 \w 和 \W 字符之间） |
|
\t |
匹配制表符 \u0009 |
|
\r |
匹制回车符 \u000D |
|
\v |
匹配垂直制表符 \u000B |
|
\f |
匹配换页符 \u000C |
|
\n |
匹配换行符 \u000A |
|
\e |
匹配退出键（符） \u001B |
|
\040 |
匹配以八进制表示的 ASCII 字符（最多三位数）；在没有前导零的情况下，如果只有一位数字或者相应数字与某个捕获组的编号对应，那就是反向引用（backreference）。字符 \040 表示一个空格。 |
|
\x20 |
匹配以十六进制表示的 ASCII 字符（两位数） |
|
\cC |
匹配 ASCII 控制符，例如 \cC 匹配 Ctrl+C |
|
\u0020 |
匹配以十六进制表示的 Unicode 字符 |
|
\* |
反斜杠后面如果不是一个可转义的字符，则匹配该字符本身。例如，\* 就相当于\x2A |
|
字符类 |
说明 |
|
. |
匹配除 \n 之外的任意字符。 |
|
[aeiou] |
匹配特定字符集中包含的任意一个字符 |
|
[^aeiou] |
匹配特定字符集中不包含的任意一个字符 |
|
[0-9a-fA-F] |
连字符（-）用来指定连续的字符范围 |
|
\p{name} |
匹配由{name}指定的命名字符类中的任意字符 |
|
\P{name} |
匹配不包含在{name}指定的组或块范围中的文本 |
|
\w |
匹配英文数字字母字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情况下，等价于[a-zA-Z0-9] |
|
\W |
匹配非英文数字字母字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情况下，等价于[^a-zA-Z0-9] |
|
\s |
匹配任意空白字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情况下，等价于[\f\n\r\t\v] |
|
\S |
匹配任意非空白字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情况下，等价于[^\f\n\r\t\v] |
|
\d |
匹配数字字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情况下，等价于[0-9] |
|
\D |
匹配非数字字符，在指定兼容ECMAScript的情况下，等价于[^0-9] |
英文版:
Metacharacters Defined
|
|
MChar |
Definition |
|
^ |
Start of a string. |
|
$ |
End of a string. |
|
. |
Any character (except \n newline) |
|
| |
Alternation. |
|
{...} |
Explicit quantifier notation. |
|
[...] |
Explicit set of characters to match. |
|
(...) |
Logical grouping of part of an expression. |
|
* |
0 or more of previous expression. |
|
+ |
1 or more of previous expression. |
|
? |
0 or 1 of previous expression; also forces minimal matching when an expression might match several strings within a search string. |
|
\ |
Preceding one of the above, it makes it a literal instead of a special character. Preceding a special matching character, see below. |
Metacharacter Examples
|
|
Pattern |
Sample Matches |
|
^abc |
abc, abcdefg, abc123, ... |
|
abc$ |
abc, endsinabc, 123abc, ... |
|
a.c |
abc, aac, acc, adc, aec, ... |
|
bill|ted |
ted, bill |
|
ab{2}c |
abbc |
|
a[bB]c |
abc, aBc |
|
(abc){2} |
abcabc |
|
ab*c |
ac, abc, abbc, abbbc, ... |
|
ab+c |
abc, abbc, abbbc, ... |
|
ab?c |
ac, abc |
|
a\sc |
a c |
Character Escapes http://tinyurl.com/5wm3wl
|
|
Escaped Char |
Description |
|
ordinary characters |
Characters other than . $ ^ { [ ( | ) ] } * + ? \ match themselves. |
|
\a |
Matches a bell (alarm) \u0007. |
|
\b |
Matches a backspace \u0008 if in a []; otherwise matches a word boundary (between \w and \W characters). |
|
\t |
Matches a tab \u0009. |
|
\r |
Matches a carriage return \u000D. |
|
\v |
Matches a vertical tab \u000B. |
|
\f |
Matches a form feed \u000C. |
|
\n |
Matches a new line \u000A. |
|
\e |
Matches an escape \u001B. |
|
\040 |
Matches an ASCII character as octal (up to three digits); numbers with no leading zero are backreferences if they have only one digit or if they correspond to a capturing group number. (For more information, see Backreferences.) For example, the character \040 represents a space. |
|
\x20 |
Matches an ASCII character using hexadecimal representation (exactly two digits). |
|
\cC |
Matches an ASCII control character; for example \cC is control-C. |
|
\u0020 |
Matches a Unicode character using a hexadecimal representation (exactly four digits). |
|
\* |
When followed by a character that is not recognized as an escaped character, matches that character. For example, \* is the same as \x2A. |
Character Classes http://tinyurl.com/5ck4ll
|
|
Char Class |
Description |
|
. |
Matches any character except \n. If modified by the Singleline option, a period character matches any character. For more information, see Regular Expression Options. |
|
[aeiou] |
Matches any single character included in the specified set of characters. |
|
[^aeiou] |
Matches any single character not in the specified set of characters. |
|
[0-9a-fA-F] |
Use of a hyphen (–) allows specification of contiguous character ranges. |
|
\p{name} |
Matches any character in the named character class specified by {name}. Supported names are Unicode groups and block ranges. For example, Ll, Nd, Z, IsGreek, IsBoxDrawing. |
|
\P{name} |
Matches text not included in groups and block ranges specified in {name}. |
|
\w |
Matches any word character. Equivalent to the Unicode character categories [\p{Ll}\p{Lu}\p{Lt}\p{Lo}\p{Nd}\p{Pc}]. If ECMAScript-compliant behavior is specified with the ECMAScript option, \w is equivalent to [a-zA-Z_0-9]. |
|
\W |
Matches any nonword character. Equivalent to the Unicode categories [^\p{Ll}\p{Lu}\p{Lt}\p{Lo}\p{Nd}\p{Pc}]. If ECMAScript-compliant behavior is specified with the ECMAScript option, \W is equivalent to [^a-zA-Z_0-9]. |
|
\s |
Matches any white-space character. Equivalent to the Unicode character categories [\f\n\r\t\v\x85\p{Z}]. If ECMAScript-compliant behavior is specified with the ECMAScript option, \s is equivalent to [ \f\n\r\t\v]. |
|
\S |
Matches any non-white-space character. Equivalent to the Unicode character categories [^\f\n\r\t\v\x85\p{Z}]. If ECMAScript-compliant behavior is specified with the ECMAScript option, \S is equivalent to [^ \f\n\r\t\v]. |
|
\d |
Matches any decimal digit. Equivalent to \p{Nd} for Unicode and [0-9] for non-Unicode, ECMAScript behavior. |
|
\D |
Matches any nondigit. Equivalent to \P{Nd} for Unicode and [^0-9] for non-Unicode, ECMAScript behavior. |
