使用MySQL数据库运行“python manage.py migrate”时出现SQL错误

I've been through the introductory tutorial for Django successfully using SQLite as per the instructions. However, for my real project I want to use MySQL, so I deleted the tutorial project files and started with a fresh setup. The trouble is that when I run "python manage.py migrate" I get the following MySQL error:

我已按照说明成功使用了SQLite的Django入门教程。但是，对于我的真实项目，我想使用MySQL，所以我删除了教程项目文件并开始使用全新设置。麻烦的是，当我运行“python manage.py migrate”时，我得到以下MySQL错误：

_mysql_exceptions.ProgrammingError: (1064, "You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '%s' at line 1").

_mysql_exceptions.ProgrammingError：（1064，“您的SQL语法有错误;请查看与您的MySQL服务器版本对应的手册，以便在第1行的'％s'附近使用正确的语法”）。

I have the following in the site settings database section:

我在站点设置数据库部分中有以下内容：

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'vocabulator$database',
        'USER': 'vocabulator',
        'PASSWORD': '<password>',
        'HOST': 'mysql.server', 
    }
}

I connected to this database successfully in Bash using, 'mysql --user=vocabulator --host=mysql.server --password=<password> "vocabulator\$database" ', so it appears I have entered these setting details correctly.

我使用'mysql --user = vocabulator --host = mysql.server --password = “vocabulator \ $ database”'在Bash中成功连接到这个数据库，所以看来我已经正确输入了这些设置细节。

I also followed an instruction on setting up database bindings for Python 3, which also appeared to work successfully. It was on either the Django documentation pages or the PythonAnywhere equivalent, but unfortunately I cannot locate the page reference again.

我还遵循了为Python 3设置数据库绑定的指令，这也似乎成功运行。它位于Django文档页面或PythonAnywhere等效页面上，但遗憾的是我无法再次找到页面引用。

I haven't written any MySQL queries myself yet, so any incorrect ones that are being made must be coming from manage.py, so what could be the cause? The complete error trace is quoted below:

我自己还没有写过任何MySQL查询，所以任何不正确的查询都必须来自manage.py，那么原因可能是什么？完整的错误跟踪引用如下：

Operations to perform:   Synchronize unmigrated apps: staticfiles, messages   Apply all migrations: contenttypes, sessions, admin, auth Synchronizing apps without migrations:   Creating tables...
    Running deferred SQL...   Installing custom SQL... Running migrations:   Rendering model states... DONE   Applying contenttypes.0001_initial...Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 124, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(query, args)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 184, in execute
    self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 37, in defaulterrorhandler
    raise errorvalue   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 171, in execute
    r = self._query(query)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 330, in _query
    rowcount = self._do_query(q)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 294, in _do_query
    db.query(q)
_mysql_exceptions.ProgrammingError: (1064, "You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '%s' at line 1")

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):   File "manage.py", line 10, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 338, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 330, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 393, in run_from_argv
    self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 444, in execute
    output = self.handle(*args, **options)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 222, in handle
    executor.migrate(targets, plan, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 110, in migrate
    self.apply_migration(states[migration], migration, fake=fake, fake_initial=fake_initial)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/executor.py", line 148, in apply_migration
    state = migration.apply(state, schema_editor)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/migration.py", line 115, in apply
    operation.database_forwards(self.app_label, schema_editor, old_state, project_state)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/migrations/operations/models.py", line 59, in database_forwards
    schema_editor.create_model(model)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/schema.py", line 289, in create_model
    self.deferred_sql.extend(self._model_indexes_sql(model))   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/schema.py", line 55, in _model_indexes_sql
    self.connection.cursor(), model._meta.db_table   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/introspection.py", line 142, in get_storage_engine
    "WHERE table_name = %s", [table_name])   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 79, in execute
    return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 97, in __exit__
    six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 658, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 64, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 124, in execute
    return self.cursor.execute(query, args)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 184, in execute
    self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 37, in defaulterrorhandler
    raise errorvalue   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 171, in execute
    r = self._query(query)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 330, in _query
    rowcount = self._do_query(q)   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 294, in _do_query
    db.query(q) django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: (1064, "You have an error in your  SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server v ersion for the right syntax to use near '%s' at line 1") Exception ignored in: <bound method Cursor.__del__ of <MySQLdb.curso rs.Cursor object at 0x7feec394b940>> Traceback (most recent call last):   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-p ackages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 67, in __del__   File "/home/vocabulator/.virtualenvs/django18/lib/python3.4/site-p ackages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 73, in close ReferenceError: weakly-referenced object no longer exists (django18)03:29 ~/mysite $ mysql --user=vocabulator --host=mysql.server --p mysql: ambiguous option '--p' (pager, plugin_dir)

1 个解决方案

#1

As I said in my comment above, I found the page which had instructed me on how to install drivers. It is this one:

正如我在上面的评论中所说，我找到了指示我如何安装驱动程序的页面。就是这个：

https://www.pythonanywhere.com/wiki/UsingMySQL

However, this Wiki page is a little dated now and it instructed me to install the MySQL connector version 2.0.1. The current version is now 2.0.4. The old version had a bug which meant it would not operate with Django 1.8, as stated here:

但是，这个Wiki页面现在有点过时了，它指示我安装MySQL连接器版本2.0.1。目前的版本现在是2.0.4。旧版本有一个错误，这意味着它不能与Django 1.8一起运行，如下所述：

http://bugs.mysql.com/bug.php?id=76752

By version 2.0.4 this bug appears to have been corrected.

按版本2.0.4，此错误似乎已得到纠正。

The line in the PythonAnywhere Wiki page referenced above should change to:

上面引用的PythonAnywhere Wiki页面中的行应该更改为：

pip3.4 install https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-Python/mysql-connector-python-2.0.4.tar.gz

pip3.4安装https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-Python/mysql-connector-python-2.0.4.tar.gz

Once I ran this, the migration appears to have worked successfully on my Django installation.

运行此操作后，迁移似乎已在我的Django安装上成功运行。

#1