@(Oracle)[Install]

Oracle 安装

硬件要求

Physical Memory	>= 1G

Swap Space	>= 2G (available)

Temporary Space	>= 400MB

依赖库的安装

yum -y install binutils compat-libstdc++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio-devel libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC-devel binutils-* compat-libstdc++* elfutils-libelf* glibc* gcc-* libaio* libgcc* libstdc++* make* sysstat*  unixODBC*

rpm -e ksh

yum install pdksh

Oracle用户

首先创建Oracle用户，在该用户下进行安装

创建步骤(需要具有root权限)：

$/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

$/usr/sbin/groupadd dba

$useradd –g oinstall -G dba -d /home/oracle -r oracle

$mkdir -p /home/oracle

$chown oracle:dba /home/oracle

$passwd oracle

使用id命令查看用户信息

$id oracle

输出：

uid=504(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba)

其中具体id数据可以不一样

Oracle安装

注：Oracle检查条件中：hard limit for maximum open file descriptors is set to at least 65536可以忽略

后续根据安装步骤进行即可

listener.ora配置

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

  (SID_LIST =

    (SID_DESC =

      (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)

      (ORACLE_HOME = /bank/oracle/oracle10g/product/10.2.0)

      (PROGRAM = extproc)

    )

    (SID_DESC =

      (GLOBAL DBNAME = orcl)

      (SID_NAME = orcl)

    )

  )

LISTENER =

  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =

    (DESCRIPTION =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))

    )

  )

命令行安装

初始化配置

配置db_install.rsp文件

安装

./runInstaller -responseFile /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp -silent -showProgress

Q&A

问题：[FATAL] [INS-32037] The operating system group specified for central inventory (oraInventory) ownership is invalid.

解决：

设置具有写oraInventory权限的组

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/oraInventory
问题：[FATAL] [INS-35071] Global database name cannot be left blank.

解决：ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle1
[FATAL] [INS-35071] Global database name cannot be left blank.

解决如：oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=oracle.sunyard

*问题： [FATAL] [INS-35175] No value given for the allocated memory of the database

解决：oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512

[FATAL] [INS-30501] Automatic Storage Management software is not configured on this system.

配置Oracle存储方式
问题：[FATAL] [INS-30004] The ADMIN password entered is invalid.

解决：密码不能带@
[FATAL] [INS-35341] User is not a member of the following chosen OS groups

解决：

oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba

oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall

问题：sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: libsqlplus.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

解决：设置如下配置文件

  # .bash_profile

  if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then

          . ~/.bashrc

  fi

  # for oracle i

  PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin

  #oracle add

  export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app/oracle

  export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

  export ORACLE_SID=orcl

  export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

  export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

问题：ORA-xxxxx: Message xxx not found; no message file for product=RDBMS, facility=ORA

解决：没有正确设置ORACLE_HOME路径，如app/oracle，需要设置为/home/oracle/app/oracle
问题：sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries: /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1: cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied
```
  /etc/sysconfig/selinux 中改为SELINUX=disabled

  chcon -t texrel_shlib_t $ORACLE_HOME/lib/*.so
```

参考：

Oracle文档中的Oracle RAC先决条件部分：

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/nav/portal_6.htm

Oracle版本以及对应安装系统：

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/relnotes.112/e23558/toc.htm#CHDHCEFI

CentOS和Redhat发行版与linux内核版本的对应关系：

http://foolishfish.blog.51cto.com/3822001/1597721

部分操作参考：

http://haowen.blog.51cto.com/3486731/1599042

http://www.tldp.org/LDP/solrhe/Securing-Optimizing-Linux-RH-Edition-v1.3/chap6sec72.html

http://blog.itpub.net/441887/viewspace-664317

秒客网

Oracle 图形化以及命令行安装