线性布局(LinearLayout)是指view对象在父view中可按水平或垂直方向线性排列。
相对布局(RelativeLayout)是指view对象的排列依赖于各对象之间的相对位置。
下面是展示两者的小例子,同时展示如何启动一个新的Activity和监听Button按键事件的方式。
AndroidManifest.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.luoye.layout"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" > <uses-sdk
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="17" /> <application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity
android:name="com.luoye.layout.MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name" >
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity> <activity //LinearLayout布局的Activity
android:name="com.luoye.layout.Linear"
android:label="Linear" >
</activity> <activity //RelativeLayout布局的Activity
android:name="com.luoye.layout.Relative"
android:label="Relative" >
</activity> </application> </manifest>
主Acitvity的布局文件:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="Layout Show" /> <Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="LinearLayout"
android:onClick="onClickListener"
/> <Button
android:id="@+id/button2"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="RelativeLayout"
android:onClick="onClickListener"
/> </LinearLayout>
线性布局的布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical" > <TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="0dip"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#FF0000"
/> <TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="0dip"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#0000FF"
/> <TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="0dip"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#FFFF00"
/> <TextView
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="0dip"
android:layout_weight="1"
android:background="#008000"
/> </LinearLayout>
相对布局的布局文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent" > <TextView
android:id="@+id/tv1"
android:text="Type here:"
android:paddingLeft="16dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/> <EditText
android:id="@+id/et1"
android:layout_below="@id/tv1"
android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:paddingLeft="16dp"
android:paddingRight="16dp"
/> <Button
android:id="@+id/ok"
android:layout_below="@id/et1"
android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
android:layout_marginRight="16dp"
android:text="ok"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
/> <Button
android:id="@+id/cancel"
android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/ok"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_alignTop="@id/ok"
android:text="cancel"
/> </RelativeLayout>
MainActivity.java
package com.luoye.layout; import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.Menu;
import android.view.View; public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
} @Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.
getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);
return true;
}
//实现Button的onClick事件,在布局文件中Button元素中声明了
public void onClickListener(View v)
{
Intent intent = new Intent();
switch(v.getId()) //按键来源判断
{
case R.id.button1:
intent.setClass(this, Linear.class);
break;
case R.id.button2:
intent.setClass(this, Relative.class);
break;
}
startActivity(intent); //启动对应布局的新的Activity
}
}
Linear.java
package com.luoye.layout; import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle; public class Linear extends Activity{ @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.linear);
}
}
Relative.java
package com.luoye.layout; import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle; public class Relative extends Activity{ @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.relative);
}
}
主面板效果:
点击LinearLayout按钮:
点击RelativeLayout按钮: