redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

时间:2022-10-11 17:12:37

 

 

  1.修改操作系统核心参数

  在Root用户下执行以下步骤:
  1)修改用户的SHELL的限制,修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件
    输入命令:vi /etc/security/limits.conf,按i键进入编辑模式,将下列内容加入该文件。
     oracle   soft    nproc    2047
     oracle   hard    nproc    16384
     oracle   soft    nofile     1024
     oracle   hard    nofile    65536
     编辑完成后按Esc键,输入“:wq”存盘退出
  2)修改/etc/pam.d/login 文件,输入命令:vi  /etc/pam.d/login,按i键进入编辑模式,将下列内容加入该文件。
     session   required    /lib/security/pam_limits.so 
     session   required    pam_limits.so
     编辑完成后按Esc键,输入“:wq”存盘退出
  3)修改linux内核,修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件,输入命令: vi  /etc/sysctl.conf ,按i键进入编辑模式,将下列内容加入该文件
    fs.file-max = 6815744 
    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576 
    kernel.shmall = 2097152 
    kernel.shmmax = 2147483648 
    kernel.shmmni = 4096 
    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 
    net.core.rmem_default = 4194304 
    net.core.rmem_max = 4194304 
    net.core.wmem_default = 262144 
    net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
        编辑完成后按Esc键,输入“:wq”存盘退出
  4)要使 /etc/sysctl.conf 更改立即生效,执行以下命令。 输入:sysctl  -p 显示如下:
    linux:~ # sysctl -p
    net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
    net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
    net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
    kernel.sysrq = 0
    kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
    net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
    error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables" is an unknown key
    error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables" is an unknown key
    error: "net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables" is an unknown key
    kernel.msgmnb = 65536
    kernel.msgmax = 65536
    kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
    kernel.shmall = 4294967296
    fs.file-max = 6815744
    fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
    kernel.shmall = 2097152
    kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
    kernel.shmmni = 4096
    kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
    net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
    net.core.rmem_default = 4194304
    net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
    net.core.wmem_default = 262144
    net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
  5)编辑 /etc/profile ,输入命令:vi  /etc/profile,按i键进入编辑模式,将下列内容加入该文件。
  if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then 
   if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then 
    ulimit -p 16384 
    ulimit -n 65536 
  else 
    ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 
  fi
    fi
     编辑完成后按Esc键,输入“:wq”存盘退出
  6)创建相关用户和组,作为软件安装和支持组的拥有者。
     创建用户,输入命令:
    groupadd  oinstall 
    groupadd  dba
    创建Oracle用户和密码,输入命令:
    useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle
    passwd  oracle
     然后会让你输入密码,密码任意输入2次,但必须保持一致,回车确认
     此处密码123456
  7)创建数据库软件目录和数据文件存放目录,目录的位置,根据自己的情况来定,注意磁盘空间即可,这里我把其放到oracle用户下,例如:
     输入命令:
    mkdir /home/oracle/app
    mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle
    mkdir /home/oracle/app/oradata
    mkdir /home/oracle/app/oracle/product
  8)更改目录属主为Oracle用户所有,输入命令:
    chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/app
  9)配置oracle用户的环境变量,首先,切换到新创建的oracle用户下,
   输入:su – oracle  ,然后直接在输入 : vi .bash_profile
   按i编辑 .bash_profile,进入编辑模式,增加以下内容:
    umask 022
    export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app
    export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
    export ORACLE_SID=orcl
    export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
    export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib
   编辑完成后按Esc键,输入“:wq”存盘退出
   测试环境变量是否有效:
    [@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
   发现为空。执行下面命令
    [@localhost ~]$ . ./.bash_profile
   再次测试,ok
    [@localhost ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME  
      /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
安装过程:
  1) 当上述系统要求操作全部完成后,注销系统,在图形界面以Oracle用户登陆。
    目录/opt/database
    输入命令:
    cd  /opt/database
    使用ls命令可以查看解压后database所包含的文件,如下:
      [@localhost database]$ ls
      doc  install  response  rpm  runInstaller  sshsetup  stage  welcome.html
  2) 执行安装,输入命令:./runInstaller
      [oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller
      bash: ./runInstaller: Permission denied
      解决办法:
      [oracle@localhost database]$ su root
      Password: 
      [root@localhost database]# chown -R gis:gis  /opt/database
      [root@localhost database]# chmod -R 777 /opt/database
      [root@localhost database]# su oracle
      然后:
      Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
 
      Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB.   Actual 25959 MB    Passed
      Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB.   Actual 3999 MB    Passed
      Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors.    Actual 16777216    Passed
      Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2014-03-24_06-36-50PM. Please wait ...
 
   redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  上一张图可以看到缺失很多的rpm包,上传到linux

  如不能安装,则root用户下使用rpm  –ivh  xxx.rpm  --nodeps –force 来进行安装(其中加上--nodeps -- force 代表强制安装,是在直接使用rpm –ivh  xxx.rpm安装不成功的情况下用的)安装过程略。如 rpm -ivh libaio-0.3.105-2.i386.rpm --nodeps –-force。

  rpm  -ivh  compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  gcc-c++-4.4.7-3.el6.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps -force
  rpm  -ivh  gettext-0.18.3.2-1.fc21.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  glibc-2.3.4-2.54.i686.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  glibc-2.18-4.4.1.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  libaio-0.3.105-2.i386.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  libgcc-3.4.6-3.i386.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  libstdc++-3.4.6-11.i386.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5.i386.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  redhat-lsb-4.0-3.el6.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  unixODBC-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps --force
  rpm  -ivh  unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm  --nodeps --force 
  rpm  -ivh  unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-12.el6_3.x86_64.rpm  --nodeps –force
  root用户下执行以上语句,安装成功提示:
  [root@localhost Downloads]# rpm  -ivh  unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm  --nodeps --force
  warning: unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 37017186: NOKEY
  Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
     1:unixODBC               ########################################### [100%]
   redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  

  安装完成后,系统会提示你需要用root权限执行2个shell脚本。按照其提示的路径,找到其所在的位置,如:我的就在/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

  和 /home/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh  新开启一个终端,输入命令:

su root

cd  /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

sh  root.sh

cd /home/oracle/oraInventory

sh  orainstRoot.sh

 

[oracle@localhost ~]$ su root

Password:

[root@localhost oracle]# cd  /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

[root@localhost dbhome_1]# sh  root.sh

Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

 

The following environment variables are set as:

    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

    ORACLE_HOME=  /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

 

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:

The file "dbhome" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n)

[n]: n

The file "oraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n)

[n]: n

The file "coraenv" already exists in /usr/local/bin.  Overwrite it? (y/n)

[n]: n

 

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific root actions.

[root@localhost dbhome_1]# cd /home/oracle/oraInventory

[root@localhost oraInventory]# sh  orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /home/oracle/oraInventory.

Adding read,write permissions for group.

Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.

 

Changing groupname of /home/oracle/oraInventory to dba.

The execution of the script is complete.

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g

  redhat6.5安装oracle 11g