mysql 源码包安装步骤：
1.需要有如下工具
CMake, which is used as the build framework on all platforms
make make 3.75 or newer
C++ compiler. GCC 4.2.1 or later
Perl is needed if you intend to run test scripts. Most Unix-like systems include
[root@repl2 ~]# rpm -qa make
make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64
安装cmake
[root@repl2 ~]# yum -y install cmake
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
[root@repl2 ~]# rpm -qa cmake
cmake-2.8.12.2-4.el6.x86_64
[root@repl2 ~]# rpm -qa gcc
gcc-4.4.7-16.el6.x86_64
[root@repl2 ~]#
2.添加用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@repl2 mysql-5.6.28]# groupadd mysql
[root@repl2 mysql-5.6.28]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
[root@repl2 mysql-5.6.28]# id mysql
uid=496(mysql) gid=500(mysql) groups=500(mysql)
3.编译安装：
cmake .
make && make install
编译过程中报了很多错误，有很多包没有安装导致的
gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 autoconf automake zlib* fiex* libxml* ncurses-devel libmcrypt* libtool-ltdl-devel* make cmake
如果没有需要安装
yum -y install
如下：
(1)
cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci
(2) make
(3) make install
解释：
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=dir_name
The installation base directory
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=dir_name
The location of the MySQL data directory.
-DSYSCONFDIR=dir_name
The default my.cnf option file directory.
The MyISAM, MERGE, MEMORY, and CSV engines are mandatory (always compiled into the server) and
need not be installed explicitly.
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=file_name
The Unix socket file path on which the server listens for socket connections. This must be an
absolute path name. The default is /tmp/mysql.sock.
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=port_num
The port number on which the server listens for TCP/IP connections. The default is 3306.
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=bool
Whether to enable LOCAL capability in the client library for LOAD DATA INFILE.
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=charset_name
The server character set. By default, MySQL uses the latin1 (cp1252 West European) character set.
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=collation_name
The server collation. By default, MySQL uses latin1_swedish_ci. Use the SHOW COLLATION
statement to determine which collations are available for each character set.
一开始编译加上了-DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1
报错，去掉就可以了
../../../sql/libsql.a(handler.cc.o): In function `get_ha_partition(partition_info*)':
/root/mysql-5.6.13/sql/handler.cc:460: undefined reference to `ha_partition::ha_partition(handlerton*, partition_info*)'
/root/mysql-5.6.13/sql/handler.cc:462: undefined reference to `ha_partition::initialize_partition(st_mem_root*)'
../../../sql/libsql.a(sql_partition_admin.cc.o): In function `Sql_cmd_alter_table_truncate_partition::execute(THD*)':
/root/mysql-5.6.13/sql/sql_partition_admin.cc:822: undefined reference to `ha_partition::truncate_partition(Alter_info*, bool*)'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [storage/perfschema/unittest/pfs_connect_attr-t] Error 1
make[1]: *** [storage/perfschema/unittest/CMakeFiles/pfs_connect_attr-t.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [all] Error 2
4.建立数据目录
[root@repl2 mysql]# mkdir data
[root@repl2 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data/
[root@repl2 mysql]# chown -R mysql .
[root@repl2 mysql]# chgrp -R mysql .
5.初始化：
[root@repl2 mysql]# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = (unset),
LC_ALL = (unset),
LANG = "zh_cn.GB2312"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
Installing MySQL system tables...2016-01-15 11:08:14 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-01-15 11:08:14 0 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.28) starting as process 24794 ...
2016-01-15 11:08:14 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2016-01-15 11:08:14 24794 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2016-01-15 11:08:14 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2016-01-15 11:08:14 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2016-01-15 11:08:14 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-01-15 11:08:15 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions
2016-01-15 11:08:15 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2016-01-15 11:08:15 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2016-01-15 11:08:15 24794 [Note] InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist: a new database to be created!
2016-01-15 11:08:15 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 12 MB
2016-01-15 11:08:15 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
2016-01-15 11:08:15 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile101 size to 48 MB
2016-01-15 11:08:15 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 48 MB
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Renaming log file ./ib_logfile101 to ./ib_logfile0
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45781
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Creating tablespace and datafile system tables.
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Tablespace and datafile system tables created.
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.28 started; log sequence number 0
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] Binlog end
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2016-01-15 11:08:16 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24794 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625977
OK
Filling help tables...2016-01-15 11:08:17 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-01-15 11:08:17 0 [Note] ./bin/mysqld (mysqld 5.6.28) starting as process 24816 ...
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Highest supported file format is Barracuda.
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: 128 rollback segment(s) are active.
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Waiting for purge to start
2016-01-15 11:08:17 24816 [Note] InnoDB: 5.6.28 started; log sequence number 1625977
2016-01-15 11:08:18 24816 [Note] Binlog end
2016-01-15 11:08:18 24816 [Note] InnoDB: FTS optimize thread exiting.
2016-01-15 11:08:18 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
2016-01-15 11:08:19 24816 [Note] InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 1625987
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h repl2 password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems at http://bugs.mysql.com/
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
WARNING: Found existing config file ./my.cnf on the system.
Because this file might be in use, it was not replaced,
but was used in bootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)
and when you later start the server.
The new default config file was created as ./my-new.cnf,
please compare it with your file and take the changes you need.
WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server
[root@repl2 mysql]# chown -R root .
[root@repl2 mysql]# ls -al
total 188
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 11:08 .
drwxr-xr-x. 17 root root 4096 Jan 15 10:00 ..
-rw-r--r--. 1 root mysql 17987 Nov 16 17:38 COPYING
-rw-r--r--. 1 root mysql 105684 Nov 16 18:45 INSTALL-BINARY
-rw-r--r--. 1 root mysql 2496 Nov 16 17:38 README
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:56 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 11:08 data
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:56 docs
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:56 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:56 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:56 man
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 943 Jan 15 11:08 my-new.cnf
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 943 Jan 15 11:06 my.cnf
drwxr-xr-x. 10 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:57 mysql-test
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:56 scripts
drwxr-xr-x. 28 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:57 share
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:57 sql-bench
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root mysql 4096 Jan 15 10:57 support-files
6.启动
启动报权限错误：
修改权限再次启动
[root@repl2 local]# chown mysql:mysql -R mysql
[root@repl2 mysql]# ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
[1] 25164
[root@repl2 mysql]# 160115 11:14:53 mysqld_safe Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/repl2.err'.
160115 11:14:53 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@repl2 mysql]# ps -ef |grep mysql
root 25164 9442 0 11:14 pts/2 00:00:00 /bin/sh ./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql
mysql 25288 25164 1 11:14 pts/2 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/repl2.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/repl2.pid
root 25313 9442 0 11:15 pts/2 00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@repl2 mysql]#
[root@repl2 bin]# ./mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.6.28 Source distribution
Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
+------+-----------+
| user | host |
+------+-----------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | ::1 |
| | localhost |
| root | localhost |
| | repl2 |
| root | repl2 |
+------+-----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
7.修改root密码：
[root@repl2 mysql]# ./bin/mysqladmin -u root password '123456';
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
[root@repl2 mysql]#
启动停止登录都需要指定mysql全目录
把mysql的bin目录添加环境变量中/etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
source /etc/profile 环境变量生效
8.把mysql启动设置为服务
[root@repl2 mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@repl2 mysql]# ls /etc/init.d/mysqld
/etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@repl2 mysql]#
[root@repl2 mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[root@repl2 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@repl2 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@repl2 bin]# service mysqld stop
Shutting down MySQL. [纭甝
[root@repl2 bin]# ps -ef |grep mysql
root 25411 24744 0 11:28 pts/3 00:00:00 grep mysql
[root@repl2 bin]# service mysqld start
[root@repl2 bin]# ps -ef |grep mysql
root 25425 1 0 11:29 pts/3 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/repl2.pid
mysql 25562 25425 6 11:29 pts/3 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/repl2.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/repl2.pid
root 25592 24744 0 11:29 pts/3 00:00:00 grep mysql
官方的源码安装：
# Preconfiguration setup
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql
# Beginning of source-build specific instructions
shell> tar zxvf mysql-VERSION.tar.gz
shell> cd mysql-VERSION
shell> cmake .
shell> make
shell> make install
# End of source-build specific instructions
# Postinstallation setup
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server