RPM方式安装MySQL5.6

RPM方式安装MySQL5.6

a. 检查MySQL及相关RPM包，是否安装，如果有安装，则移除（rpm –e 名称）

1 [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i mysql
2 mysql-libs-5.1.66-2.el6_3.x86_64
3 [root@localhost ~]# yum -y remove mysql-libs*

b. 下载Linux对应的RPM包，如：CentOS6.4_64对应的RPM包，如下：

mysql-community-common-5.6.26-2.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-libs-5.6.26-2.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-client-5.6.26-2.el6.i686.rpm

mysql-community-server-5.6.26-2.el6.i686.rpm

c. 安装MySQL

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.6.26-2.el6.i686.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.6.26-2.el6.i686.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.6.26-2.el6.i686.rpm

rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.6.26-2.el6.i686.rpm

d. 初始化MySQL及设置密码

1 [root@localhost rpm]# /usr/bin/mysql_install_db
2 [root@localhost rpm]# service mysql start
3 [root@localhost rpm]# cat /root/.mysql_secret  #查看root账号密码
4 # The random password set for the root user at Wed Dec 11 23:32:50 2013 (local time): qKTaFZnl
5 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot –pqKTaFZnl
6 mysql> SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');    #设置密码为123456
7 mysql> exit
8 [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456

e. 允许远程登陆

01 mysql> use mysql;
02 mysql> select host,user,password from user;
03 +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
04 | host                  | user | password                                  |
05 +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
06 | localhost             | root | *6BB4837EB74329105EE4568DDA7DC67ED2CA2AD9 |
07 | localhost.localdomain | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
08 | 127.0.0.1             | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
09 | ::1                   | root | *1237E2CE819C427B0D8174456DD83C47480D37E8 |
10 +-----------------------+------+-------------------------------------------+
11
12 mysql> update user set password=password('123456') where user='root';
13 mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root' and host='localhost';
14 mysql> flush privileges;
15 mysql> exit

为了方便远程管理， 防火墙中打开 3306 端口
# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
重启防火墙， 使端口配置生效
# service iptables restart

MySQL 授权远程访问（先用 root 登录 mysql）
mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root' WITH GRANT OPTION;
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

f. 设置开机自启动

1 [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig mysql on
2 [root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list | grep mysql
3 mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

# service mysqld start
# chkconfig --list | grep mysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
用上面的命令查看到 MySQL 并没有设置开机启动，所以需要设置开机启动
# chkconfig mysqld on

g. MySQL的默认安装位置

1	/var/lib/mysql/               #数据库目录

2	/usr/share/mysql              #配置文件目录

3	/usr/bin                     #相关命令目录

4	/etc/init.d/mysql              #启动脚本

修改字符集和数据存储路径

配置/etc/my.cnf文件,修改数据存放路径、mysql.sock路径以及默认编码utf-8.

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1. [client]  
2. password        = 123456  
3. port            = 3306  
4. default-character-set=utf8  
5. [mysqld]  
6. port            = 3306  
7. character_set_server=utf8  
8. character_set_client=utf8  
9. collation-server=utf8_general_ci  
10. #(注意linux下mysql安装完后是默认：表名区分大小写，列名不区分大小写； 0：区分大小写，1：不区分大小写)  
11. lower_case_table_names=1  
12. #(设置最大连接数，默认为 151，MySQL服务器允许的最大连接数16384; )  
13. max_connections=1000  
14. [mysql]  
15. default-character-set = utf8  

查看字符集

show variables like '%collation%';

show variables like '%char%';