使用MVC4,Ninject,EF,Moq,构建一个真实的应用电子商务SportsStore(九)
实在不好意思,好久没有更新了,我不想找些客观原因来解释,只想请大家见谅!现在我们继续我们的项目,客户已经完成了订单的确认,但我们还没有一个地方可以让客户输入他们的收货信息,我们的商品没办法发货,这是个严重的问题,我们必须解决它。现在,我们就在SportsStore.Domain工程的Entities文件夹中添加一个ShippingDetails类,在这个类中,我们使用了System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations命名空间,去验证客户的输入:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.ComponentModel.DataAnnotations; namespace SportsStore.Domain.Entities
{
public class ShippingDetails
{
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a name")]
public string Name { get; set; }
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter the first address line")]
public string Line1 { get; set; } public string Line2 { get; set; } public string Line3 { get; set; }
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a city name")]
public string City { get; set; }
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a state name")]
public string State { get; set; }
public string Zip { get; set; }
[Required(ErrorMessage = "Please enter a country name")]
public string Country { get; set; }
public bool GiftWrap { get; set; }
}
}
我们的目的是让用户输入收货的详细信息后能够去付款,毕竟要赚钱吗,这个没啥不好意思的,我们这就去修改一下我们的summary视图,打开Views/Cart/Index.cshtml文件,我们要在这添加一个支付按钮,修改文件的最后部分像下面的样子,然后,运行一下你的代码,看看效果:)
</table> <p align="center" class="actionButtons">
<a href="@Model.ReturnUrl">继续购物</a>
@Html.ActionLink("支付", "Checkout") </p>
正如你所预见的,现在我们要为CartController类添加一个Checkout Action方法:
public ViewResult Checkout() {
return View(new ShippingDetails());
}
Checkout方法返回一个默认的view,并传递一个new ShippingDetails对象作为view model. 现在我们就去创建一个ShippingDetails类型的强视图:
修改视图代码如下:
@model SportsStore.Domain.Entities.ShippingDetails
@{ ViewBag.Title = "SportStore: Checkout"; }
<h2>现在支付</h2>
请输入你的详细信息, 我们会根据您的信息发货!
@using (Html.BeginForm()) { <h3>发货到</h3>
<div>姓名: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Name)</div>
<h3>地址</h3>
<div>Line 1: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Line1)</div>
<div>Line 2: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Line2)</div>
<div>Line 3: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Line3)</div>
<div>城市: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.City)</div>
<div>区: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.State)</div>
<div>邮编: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Zip)</div>
<div>国家: @Html.EditorFor(x => x.Country)</div>
<h3>可选项</h3>
<label>
@Html.EditorFor(x => x.GiftWrap) 作为礼品包装我的商品 </label>
<p align="center">
<input class="actionButtons" type="submit" value="完成订单" /> </p>
}
实现订单处理器
我们需要一个组件,通过这个组件,我们能够容易的把握订单的处理流程,为了保持遵守MVC模型的基本原则,我们要定义一个接口,写一个这个接口的实现类,使我们的DI容器和 Ninject和这个实现类整合在一起.
添加一个IOrderProcessor接口到SportsStore.Domain工程的Abstract文件夹:
using SportsStore.Domain.Entities;
namespace SportsStore.Domain.Abstract
{
public interface IOrderProcessor
{
void ProcessOrder(Cart cart, ShippingDetails shippingDetails);
}
}
实现接口
IOrderProcessor接口的实现类将通过发送额email给管理员处理订单,当然了,我们简化了这个流程,真正的大型商务网站不只是发邮件这么简单! 现在我们要创建一个新类,叫做 EmailOrderProcessor,把它放在SportsStore.Domain工程的Concrete文件夹中,这个类我们使用.NET Framework library内建的SMTP去发送邮件:
using System.Net.Mail;
using System.Text;
using SportsStore.Domain.Abstract;
using SportsStore.Domain.Entities;
using System.Net; namespace SportsStore.Domain.Concrete {
public class EmailSettings {
public string MailToAddress = "orders@example.com";
public string MailFromAddress = "sportsstore@example.com";
public bool UseSsl = true;
public string Username = "MySmtpUsername";
public string Password = "MySmtpPassword";
public string ServerName = "smtp.example.com";
public int ServerPort = 587;
public bool WriteAsFile = false;
public string FileLocation = @"c:\sports_store_emails";
} public class EmailOrderProcessor :IOrderProcessor { private EmailSettings emailSettings; public EmailOrderProcessor(EmailSettings settings)
{
emailSettings = settings;
} public void ProcessOrder(Cart cart, ShippingDetails shippingInfo)
{ using (var smtpClient = new SmtpClient())
{
smtpClient.EnableSsl = emailSettings.UseSsl;
smtpClient.Host = emailSettings.ServerName;
smtpClient.Port = emailSettings.ServerPort;
smtpClient.UseDefaultCredentials = false;
smtpClient.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(emailSettings.Username, emailSettings.Password); if (emailSettings.WriteAsFile) {
smtpClient.DeliveryMethod = SmtpDeliveryMethod.SpecifiedPickupDirectory;
smtpClient.PickupDirectoryLocation = emailSettings.FileLocation;
smtpClient.EnableSsl = false;
}
StringBuilder body = new StringBuilder().AppendLine("A new order has been submitted")
.AppendLine("---").AppendLine("Items:"); foreach (var line in cart.Lines) {
var subtotal = line.Product.Price * line.Quantity;
body.AppendFormat("{0} x {1} (subtotal: {2:c}", line.Quantity, line.Product.Name, subtotal); }
body.AppendFormat("Total order value: {0:c}", cart.ComputeTotalValue()).AppendLine("---")
.AppendLine("Ship to:").AppendLine(shippingInfo.Name).AppendLine(shippingInfo.Line1)
.AppendLine(shippingInfo.Line2 ?? "") .AppendLine(shippingInfo.Line3 ?? "")
.AppendLine(shippingInfo.City).AppendLine(shippingInfo.State ?? "")
.AppendLine(shippingInfo.Country) .AppendLine(shippingInfo.Zip).AppendLine("---")
.AppendFormat("Gift wrap: {0}",shippingInfo.GiftWrap ? "Yes" : "No"); MailMessage mailMessage = new MailMessage(emailSettings.MailFromAddress, // From
emailSettings.MailToAddress, // To
"New order submitted!", // Subject
body.ToString()); // Body if (emailSettings.WriteAsFile)
{
mailMessage.BodyEncoding = Encoding.ASCII;
}
smtpClient.Send(mailMessage);
}
}
}
}
注册实现类
为了让Ninject能够创建 IOrderProcessor接口的实现类,我们必须添加一些代码到SportsStore.WebUI 工程的NinjectControllerFactory 类的AddBindings 方法,到这个方法里添加代码,不用我说你也知道要干什么事了,马上动手吧!
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Routing;
using SportsStore.Domain.Abstract;
using SportsStore.Domain.Entities;
using Moq;
using Ninject;
using SportsStore.Domain.Concrete;
using System.Configuration; namespace SportsStore.WebUI.Infrastructure
{
public class NinjectControllerFactory: DefaultControllerFactory
{ private IKernel ninjectKernel; public NinjectControllerFactory() {
ninjectKernel = new StandardKernel();
AddBindings();
} protected override IController GetControllerInstance(RequestContext
requestContext, Type controllerType) { return controllerType == null ? null : (IController)ninjectKernel.Get(controllerType);
} private void AddBindings() { Mock<IProductsRepository> mock = new Mock<IProductsRepository>(); //mock.Setup(m => m.Products).Returns(new List<Product> {
// new Product { Name = "Football", Price = 25 },
// new Product { Name = "Surf board", Price = 179 },
// new Product { Name = "Running shoes", Price = 95 }
//}.AsQueryable());
//ninjectKernel.Bind<IProductsRepository>().ToConstant(mock.Object);
ninjectKernel.Bind<IProductsRepository>().To<EFProductRepository>(); EmailSettings emailSettings = new EmailSettings {
WriteAsFile = bool.Parse(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["Email.WriteAsFile"] ?? "false") };
ninjectKernel.Bind<IOrderProcessor>().To<EmailOrderProcessor>().WithConstructorArgument("settings", emailSettings);
}
}
}
我们创建了一个EmailSettings 对象, 当一个服务请求要求创建一个新的IOrderProcessor 接口实力的时候,我们使用Ninject的WithConstructorArgument 方法注入它到EmailOrderProcessor构造函数,因为我们使用了ConfigurationManager.AppSettings 属性去访问 Web.config文件,所以,我们要将一些配置添加到Web.config 文件中:
<appSettings>
<add key="webpages:Version" value="2.0.0.0" />
<add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
<add key="PreserveLoginUrl" value="true" />
<add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
<add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
<add key="Email.WriteAsFile" value="true"/>
</appSettings>
完善Cart Controller
我们要修改CartController类,让它的构造函数去要求一个IOrderProcessor接口的实现,并添加一个新的方法处理用户点击完成订单按钮时,post过来的Http请求:
private IOrderProcessor orderProcessor; public CartController(IProductsRepository repo, IOrderProcessor proc)
{
repository = repo; orderProcessor = proc;
}
[HttpPost]
public ViewResult Checkout(Cart cart, ShippingDetails shippingDetails)
{
if (cart.Lines.Count() == 0)
{
ModelState.AddModelError("", "Sorry, your cart is empty!");
} if (ModelState.IsValid) {
orderProcessor.ProcessOrder(cart, shippingDetails);
cart.Clear(); return View("Completed");
}
else
{
return View(shippingDetails);
}
}
你现在看到了,我们添加的Checkout方法带有一个HttpPost 属性,这意味着它将为一个post请求调用,当用户提交一个表单时,我们将依赖MVC的model binder system, ShippingDetails 参数和Cart 参数创建我们的model binder。
为了展示用户的输入错误,我们需要在Checkout view中添加 @Html.ValidationSummary() 标记,看起来应该像下面的样子:
<h2>现在支付</h2>
请输入你的详细信息, 我们会根据您的信息发货!
@using (Html.BeginForm()) {
@Html.ValidationSummary()
<h3>发货到</h3>
……
展示Summary页
为了完善支付流程, 我们应该显示一个订单已经被处理的确认页给用户,右击CartController类的任意方法去添加一个视图,命名为Completed,这个视图我们不需要定义为强类型:
@{ ViewBag.Title = "SportsStore: Order Submitted"; }
<h2>谢谢!</h2>
感谢您购买我们的商品. 我们将尽可能快的发送货物给您.
运行你的程序前,别忘了修改你的email账户和密码,还有C盘下要建一个c:\sports_store_emails文件夹哦!在下一篇中,我们将为我们的网站创建一个CRUD的管理后台,这是所有网站都比不可少的功能,我们当然也不会少了!感谢您的关注!如果有任何问题请在我的博客上留言,我会尽可能详尽的为您解答,下篇再见!
SQL Server 性能优化之——T-SQL NOT IN 和 NOT Exists
这次介绍一下T-SQL中“Not IN” 和“Not Exists”的优化。
Not IN 和 Not Exists 命令 :
有些情况下,需要select/update/delete 操作孤立数据。孤立数据:不存在主表中而存在其关联表中。
操作这样的数据,一般第一反应是利用“Not in” 或 “Not Exists”命令。使用Not IN会严重影响性能,因为这个命令会逐一检查每个记录,就会造成资源紧张,尤其是当对大数据进行更新和删除操作时,可能导致资源被这些操作锁住。
.
选择NOT IN 还是 NOT Exists
现在SQL Server 中有两个命令可以使用大数据的插入、更新、删除操作,不仅性能方面比NOT IN 和 NOT Exists有很大的提高,而且语法简单,写出来的语句看上去也很清爽。 现在就请它们闪亮登场,Merge 和 Except。
例子:
首先创建两个表
1: use [MyTest]
2: Create table Test1 (name varchar (100) )
3: Create table Test2 (name varchar (100) )
使用Not IN命令Select/update/delete操作:
1: SELECT name FROM Test1 where name not in (select name from Test2)
2: UPDATE Test1 SET name =N'New_Name' where name not in (select name from Test2)
3: DELETE Test1 FROM Test1 where name not in (select name from Test2)
使用性能更好的Merge and Except:
1: merge Test1 T using (select name from Test1 except select name from Test2 )S on t.name=s.name
2: when matched then update SET name=N'New_Name' ;
3: merge Test1 T using (select name from Test1 except select name from Test2 )S on t.name=s.name
4: when matched then delete ;
5: SELECT * FROM Test1 S where not exists (select 1 from Test1 inner join Test2 on Test1.name=Test2.name and Test1.name=s.name)
注意,上面还是有一部分使用了Not Exists:
1: SELECT * FROM Test1 S where not exists (select 1 from Test1 inner join Test2 on Test1.name=Test2.name and Test1.name=s.name)
现在需要使用高效的Except:
1: select name from Test1 except select name from Test2
在这里只是给出了例子,没有拿出实际的对比数据。但是Merge 和Except 两个命令在大数据的处理方面的性能,要比
Not IN 和Not EXISTS 好很多。不管你信不信,反正我信了!!!
敬请期待测试数据
在此谢谢读完这篇博客,有什么写的不对的地方请指正
有帮助就推荐下,有感想就下下来,不满意就留言,有问题就更正。