试图在我的环境中获得Postgres设置，但似乎无法获得intidb的权限

I'm following the recent RailsCast on setting up PostgreSQL, but I'm unable to run the initdb /usr/local/var/postgres command. Each time I run it, I get this error:

我正在跟踪最近的RailsCast设置PostgreSQL，但是我无法运行initdb /usr/local/var/postgres命令。每次运行时，都会出现以下错误:

The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "Construct".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale en_US.UTF-8.
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to UTF8.
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

creating directory /usr/local/var/postgres ... initdb: could not create directory "/usr/local/var": Permission denied

4 个解决方案

#1

This should work just fine:

这应该很好:

# sudo mkdir /usr/local/var/postgres
# sudo chmod 775 /usr/local/var/postgres
# sudo chown construct /usr/local/var/postgres
# initdb /usr/local/var/postgres

use your username in place of construct. So, if your computer username is WDurant, the code will be:

使用您的用户名代替构造。因此，如果您的计算机用户名是WDurant，那么代码将是:

# sudo chown wdurant /usr/local/var/postgres

#2

You actually need to SU to the postgres user

实际上，您需要向postgres用户提供SU

sudo su - postgres
sudo su - postgres

then you can run the command

然后可以运行命令

initdb -E UTF8 (I prefer setting this now because UTF8 is quite flexible and this will create all clusters as UTF8 [unless you explicitly specify otherwise])
initdb -E UTF8(我现在更喜欢设置它，因为UTF8非常灵活，这将创建所有的集群为UTF8(除非您显式地指定了其他))

then you need to create your user (if it hasn't already been created)

然后您需要创建您的用户(如果尚未创建用户)

$ createuser -s -U postgres
$ createuser -s -U postgres
$ Enter name of role to add: {{ my login name }} (this appears to be Construct)
$输入要添加的角色名:{{我的登录名}(这看起来是构造)

then you can exit out of postgres user and you can create your own database

然后可以退出postgres用户并创建自己的数据库

$ createdb
createdb美元

#3

Which user are you running initdb as? If you're not root, you likely don't have permission to create directories in /usr/local. I suggest creating /usr/local/var/postgres as root, and chown'ing it to construct:

您正在运行initdb as的哪个用户?如果您不是root用户，您可能没有权限在/usr/ local.com中创建目录。我建议将/usr/local/var/postgres作为根，并将其chown构建:

# mkdir -m 0700 -p /usr/local/var/postgres
# chown construct /usr/local/var/postgres

Then your initdb (run as construct) should have permission.

那么您的initdb(作为构造运行)应该具有权限。

Also, note that Unix usernames are normally all-lowercase (but also case-sensitive); are you sure your Construct user is actually capitalized? If so, are you really sure your want it to be capitalized—-a lot of things will break.

另外，请注意，Unix用户名通常都是小写的(但也区分大小写);您确定您的构造用户实际上是资本化的吗?如果是的话，你真的确定你想让它资本化吗?很多东西都会坏掉。

(FYI: For Unix questions like this, you may find Unix.SE or Ask Ubuntu provide quicker answers)

(供参考:对于像这样的Unix问题，您可以找到Unix。SE或问Ubuntu提供更快的答案)

#4

If you run on arch linux, use like this :

如果您在arch linux上运行，请这样使用:

    sudo mkdir /var/lib/postgres
    sudo chmod 775 /var/lib/postgres
    sudo chown postgres /var/lib/postgres

    sudo -i -u postgres

    [postgres]$ initdb --locale $LANG -E UTF8 -D '/var/lib/postgres/data'
    [postgres]$ exit

    sudo systemctl start postgresql.service

    sudo -i -u postgres

#1