一、安装vue
1、安装node.js,安装完node.js之后,npm也会自动安装
查询是否安装成功的命令:
node -v
npm -v
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNaTVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dYTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlPREUzTVRRd09EUTRMREl6TXpJek1qRXpNakFtWVcxd08yWnRQVEUzTXlaaGJYQTdZWEJ3UFRRNUptRnRjRHRtUFVwUVJVYy9kejB6TmpRbVlXMXdPMmc5T0RjbVlXMXdPM005TjBFeU5VRXhORFJGTTBZNFFUQTJPREE0UTBJMU5UZzJNREl3TUVFd09Eaz0uanBn.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
2、全局安装脚手架工具vue-cli,命令如下:
npm install --global vue-cli
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNUzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dITnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNalUzT0RjNU5EZzRMREl4TURNNU1EYzJNRGNtWVcxd08yWnRQVEUzTXlaaGJYQTdZWEJ3UFRRNUptRnRjRHRtUFVwUVJVYy9kejAyTkRBbVlXMXdPMmc5T1RFPS5qcGc%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
3、vue项目初始化命令如下,若没有安装webpack,则先安装webpack
npm install -g webpack
vue init webpack myVue
注:安装过程 中有个选项(Use ESLint to line your code ?选择 No )
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNUzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dITnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNakEyTWpFM01qQXlMRFF3T1RRd05qZzVNalFtWVcxd08yWnRQVEUzTXlaaGJYQTdZWEJ3UFRRNUptRnRjRHRtUFVwUVJVYy9kejAyTkRBbVlXMXdPMmc5TWpRNEptRnRjRHR6UFVZeVFUVkdNVFE0UWtKRk1EbEdOekF4TWpjelEwTTROVEF5TURCR01EaEMuanBn.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
初始化完成后的vue项目目录如下:
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNUzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dITnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlOREl4TkRjd016SXdNaXcyTWpBd05UYzRNVFFtWVcxd08yWnRQVEUzTXlaaGJYQTdZWEJ3UFRRNUptRnRjRHRtUFVwUVJVYy9kejB6TmpnbVlXMXdPMmc5TkRNMEptRnRjRHR6UFVVeFJqSXdNelkzTlRKQ05FSTJOa013UTBReFJEUXdSakF3TURCRk1FTXouanBn.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
4、进入到myVue目录下,使用npm install 安装package.json包中的依赖
命令如下:
cd myVue
npm install
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNQzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1YzTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNVEk0TnpreE1UazBNeXd5Tnpjd01qRTRNakl5Sm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TmpRd0ptRnRjRHRvUFRrMi5qcGc%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
5、运行项目:
npm run dev
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNUzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dITnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNVFUxTmpVeE56RTJNeXd5TWpjMU5ERTFNamcxSm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TkRNekptRnRjRHRvUFRJNC5qcGc%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNQzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1YzTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNelU0TkRVMk16QXhOeXcwTWpjNE1Ea3dOemcwSm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TmpJM0ptRnRjRHRvUFRFeE5TWmhiWEE3Y3oxQ1FUQTNSakUwUTBOR1FUUkNSamN3TUVOR05rTTFPVUl3TWpBd1JqQTRRZz09LmpwZw%3D%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
在浏览器上输入:localhost:8080,将会出现下面的vue初始页面:
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNUzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dITnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlPVEl4TlRNd09URTBMRFl3TXpjME5UUTVOeVpoYlhBN1ptMDlNVGN6Sm1GdGNEdGhjSEE5TkRrbVlXMXdPMlk5U2xCRlJ6OTNQVFkwTUNaaGJYQTdhRDAxT0RZbVlXMXdPM005TkRrNE1ETkROekkyUWpWQk5qWkRRelU0TjBSRE1UVkVNREl3TURVd1JUST0uanBn.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
6、结束项目运行:
ctrl+v,选择Y即可停止项目的运行
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNQzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1YzTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNamczTnpVeE5qSTNPU3d4TkRNeE1qVTVNREV3Sm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TmpRd0ptRnRjRHRvUFRZNS5qcGc%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
二、vue项目目录说明
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNaTVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dYTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNekl4T0RNMk5UWTBNQ3d5TXpnME56UXlOams1Sm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TXpZNUptRnRjRHRvUFRZME15WmhiWEE3Y3oxRk9FWXlRVE0wTXpWQlJUUkNOelpETlRZM05EVTBNRFV3TURBd1JqQkRNdz09LmpwZw%3D%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
build:项目构建(webpack)相关代码
config:配置目录,包括端口号等
node_modules:npm加载的项目依赖块
src:这里是我们要开发的目录,基本上要做的事情都在这个目录里。里面包含了几个目录及文件:
assets: 放置一些图片,如logo等
components:该目录里存放的我们的开发文件组件,主要的开发文件都存放在这里了
App.vue:项目入口文件
main.js:项目的核心文件
router:路由配置目录
static:放置一些静态资源文件
test:初始测试目录,可删除
.xxxx文件:这些是一些配置文件,包括语法配置,git配置等
index.html:首页入口文件
package.json:项目配置文件
README.md:项目的说明文档,markdown 格式
三、vue项目启动流程
1、在执行npm run dev的时候,会去在当前文件夹下的项目中找package.json文件,启动开发服务器,默认端口是8080;
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNaTVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dYTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNVGs1TXpVd09EazNNaXcwTURRM05EQXhOemN6Sm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TmpRd0ptRnRjRHRvUFRJMU15WmhiWEE3Y3oweU1FTXdPVEUwTWtSQ1JUQkNNVGN3TlRZMU5VUkRNRVF3TURBd1JqQkRNUT09LmpwZw%3D%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
2、找到src的main.js文件,在该文件中new Vue的实例,要加载的模板内容App;
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNQzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1YzTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNekF4TXpJM09UazJOU3d4TmpNek9EVXdOREU0Sm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TkRVeUptRnRjRHRvUFRNeU1pWmhiWEE3Y3owMk1EUXhRak0wTURVelJqUkNOalpDTVVORFJEUkRNREV3TURBd1JUQkRNQT09LmpwZw%3D%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
3、App是src目录下的App.vue结尾的文件;
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNUzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dITnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlPVEkzTXpRNE5UYzBMREl5TURJeE16UTNORFFtWVcxd08yWnRQVEUzTXlaaGJYQTdZWEJ3UFRRNUptRnRjRHRtUFVwUVJVYy9kejAyTkRBbVlXMXdPMmc5TlRVekptRnRjRHR6UFRJeFF6QkNNVFF3T1VGQk5rSTNOa00wUlRReE5UUXdSVEF3TURCRk1FTXcuanBn.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
4、在App.vue所对应的模板当中,有一个router-view在src目录下有一个router文件夹,该文件夹有个index.js文件,该文件是配置路由词典,指定了路由地址是空,加载HelloWorld组件
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNaTVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dYTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlPVEV4TURnek1ERXpMREUwTXpReU56TTJNekltWVcxd08yWnRQVEUzTXlaaGJYQTdZWEJ3UFRRNUptRnRjRHRtUFVwUVJVYy9kejAxTURrbVlXMXdPMmc5TXpjNUptRnRjRHR6UFRZd05qRkNNelF5TlRORk5FSXpOa00xUXpWRU1EUXdSakF3TURCRk1FTXcuanBn.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
注:vue运行是基于node环境的,构建vue框架之前,需要确保node环境安装成功
四、Vue的组件的使用
1、在components文件夹下创建.vue结尾的文件
例如在:src/components/public/目录下新建header.vue文件
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNaTVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dYTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNelV4TkRJME16UTFNU3d6TnprME56azJNelUwSm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TXpZekptRnRjRHRvUFRFME15WmhiWEE3Y3oxR1FVVXlPREUwTkRGQ1JURkNSalkwTVRCRk4wUkVNRUl3TWpBd1FUQkRRZz09LmpwZw%3D%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
header.vue文件内容如下:
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNQzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1YzTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlPVFl4TXpreU5EYzNMREUzTVRrNU1ERTRPRGNtWVcxd08yWnRQVEUzTXlaaGJYQTdZWEJ3UFRRNUptRnRjRHRtUFVwUVJVYy9kejAyTkRBbVlXMXdPMmc5TWpreEptRnRjRHR6UFRJNVF6QkNNelJGTVVKRk1Ea3pOalF3UlVSRVJqVXdOakF3TURCRk1FTXcuanBn.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
2、在路由配置文件src/router/index.js中引入组件并配置组件路由
2.1、引入组件
import Header from '@/components/public/header'
2.2、配置组件路由
{
path: '/header',
name: 'header',
component: Header
}
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNUzVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dITnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlOREE1T1RnMk9ETXhOeXd5TWpFeU16VTRNek0wSm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TlRNMkptRnRjRHRvUFRVek55WmhiWEE3Y3oxRk1EWXdRak0wTWpVelFqWkNNalpHTlRaRlJEbERNRVl3TURBd056QkRNQT09LmpwZw%3D%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
3、运行项目:npm run dev
4、在浏览器中输入:localhost:8080/header ,显示如下页面:
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNaTVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dYTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNakF4TXpNME5EQTBNaXd5TmpJeE5EWTFNVEEySm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TkRZMUptRnRjRHRvUFRJNU9TWmhiWEE3Y3owME9UZ3dNME0zTWpjNVJUQTNOekExTXpjM056UTNOVVF3TWpBd1F6QkZNZz09LmpwZw%3D%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)
附:vue生命周期示意图
![Vue的安装及使用快速入门 Vue的安装及使用快速入门](https://image.shishitao.com:8440/aHR0cHM6Ly9iYnNtYXguaWthZmFuLmNvbS9zdGF0aWMvTDNCeWIzaDVMMmgwZEhCekwzTnpNaTVpWVdsa2RTNWpiMjB2Tms5T1dYTnFhWEF3VVVsYU9IUjVhRzV4TDJsMEwzVTlNemcyTlRreE1UZ3dNeXd5Tmpjd056azRNalF4Sm1GdGNEdG1iVDB4TnpNbVlXMXdPMkZ3Y0QwME9TWmhiWEE3WmoxS1VFVkhQM2M5TmpRd0ptRnRjRHRvUFRFMk1qRW1ZVzF3TzNNOU5VUkJNRE5ETnpJNVJrVkJORFF3TVRWRFF6UkVNRFJGTURJd01EWXdSak09LmpwZw%3D%3D.jpg?w=700&webp=1)