linux 下编译c程序与动态链接库
1 动态库h文件和c文件
1.1 h 文件: kaflog4c.h
/**
* kaflog4c.h
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
void hello(const char *msg);
1.2 c 文件: kaflog4c.c
/** * kaflog4c.c */#include "kaflog4c.h"void hello(const char *msg){ printf("Hello %s!\n", msg);}
2 编译要产生动态库和静态库
2.1 编译动态库:libkaflog4c.so
$ gcc -W -Wall -fPIC -ansi -pedantic -I. -c kaflog4c.c$ gcc -shared kaflog4c.o -o libkaflog4c.so
2.2 编译静态库:libkaflog4c.a
$ ar r libkaflog4c.a kaflog4c.o
3 程序文件
3.1 main.c
编译要产生链接到动态库(libkaflog4c.so)的程序和静态库(libkaflog4c.a)的程序
/** * main.c */#include "kaflog4c.h"int main (){ hello("cheungmine"); return 0;}
1) 编译链接到动态库libkaflog4c.so的测试程序main:
$ gcc -W -Wall -ansi -pedantic -I. -c main.c$ gcc main.o -o main ./libkaflog4c.so# 查看依赖$ ldd ./main# 运行$ ./main
2) 编译链接到静态库libkaflog4c.a的测试程序main:
$ gcc main.o -o main ./libkaflog4c.a$ ldd ./main# 此时删除libkaflog4c.a和libkaflog4c.so对下面的执行无影响$ ./main
3.2 main_dl.c
/** * main_dl.c */#include "kaflog4c.h"#include <dlfcn.h>void dl_hello(){ void *dp; void (*fn_hello)(const char*); dp = dlopen("libkaflog4c.so", RTLD_LAZY); if (!dp) { printf("%s\n", dlerror()); exit(1); } fn_hello = dlsym(dp, "hello"); if (!fn_hello) { printf("%s\n", dlerror()); exit(1); } fn_hello("cheungmine: load library when running"); dlclose(dp);}int main(){ dl_hello(); return 0;}
编译运行时动态加载动态库libkaflog4c.so的程序
(libkaflog4c.so已经存在于当前目录下)
$ gcc -W -Wall -ansi -I. -c main_dl.c$ gcc main_dl.o -o main_dl -ldl$ ldd main_dl$ ./main_dl$ sudo mv ./libkaflog4c.so /usr/local/lib/$ ./main_dllibkaflog4c.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory$ sudo ldconfig$ ./main_dl