Linux下安装informix11.5数据库

原文地址：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_66b6922b0100nvw6.html

研究了好几天了，终于装上了，下面我就来给大家分享一下我安装informix数据库的过程吧。

Linux下安装informix数据库

1．准备安装文件

a)        到IBM官方网站下载informix安装包11.5（IDS11.5）。（我已将安装包放到公司32.2上）。

b)        将IDS11.5拷贝到linux系统下。

2．配置Java环境

a)        在linux下安装jdk，安装informix需要用GUI图形安装，必须用root用户安装JDK。

b)        安装完jdk后，设置环境变量。

                        i.              用root用户修改文件.bash_profile。增加如下代码:

export  JAVA_HOME=/root/jdk 1.6.0_18      
export  CLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH/JAVA_HOME/lib/JAVA_HOME/jre/lib   
export  PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin/JAVA_HOME/jre/bin/PATH/HOMR/bin

3．配置informix环境

a)        以root用户新建informix组和informix用户

                        i.              建立informix组：#groupadd -g 20000 informix

                      ii.              建立informix用户并设置密码：

#useradd -u 20000 -g 20000 -d  /opt/Informix  -m  Informix

# passwd Informix

# Changing password for user informix.

New password:                   //输入informix

BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word

Retype new password:            //再次输入informix

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

                    iii.              修改informix用户环境变量

用informix用户登录，修改/opt/Informix/.bash_profile，增加如下内容：

export INFORMIXDIR=/opt/informix
PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/bin:$PATH
export PATH
export INFORMIXSERVER=tramsserver
export ONCONFIG=onconfig.tramsserver
export CLIENT_LOCALE=zh_CN.gb
export DB_LOCALE=zh_CN.gb
export SERVER_LOCALE=zh_CN.gb
export DBLANG=en_us
export INFORMIXSQLHOSTS=$INFORMIXDIR/etc/sqlhosts
export INFORMIXTERM=$INFORMIXDIR/etc/termcap
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$INFORMIXDIR/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export TERMCAP=$INFORMIXDIR/etc/termcap
export INFORMIXTERM=TERMCAP

 

4．安装数据库

a)        用root用户解压IDS11.5压缩包。执行./ids_install,弹出安装界面，在选择安装路径时，要与新建用户是选择的用户所属目录一直，如红色标识（/opt/Informix）

5．Informix环境变量设置

   新建etc/onconfig.tramsserver文件，根据$INFORMIXDIR/etc/onconfig.std模板进行，内

容如下：

 

$cd $cd etc $cp onconfig.std onconfig.tramsserver $vi onconfig.tramsserver # Root数据库空间配置 ROOTNAME   rootdbs              # Root数据库空间名 ROOTPATH    /opt/informix/data/rootdbs # Root数据库空间路径 ROOTOFFSET     100              # 偏移量(Kbytes) ROOTSIZE        30000          # 空间大小(Kbytes) # Disk Mirroring Configuration Parameters MIRROR          0               # Mirroring flag (Yes = 1, No = 0) MIRRORPATH                  # Path for device containing mirrored root MIRROROFFSET    0               # Offset into mirrored device (Kbytes) # Physical Log Configuration PHYSDBS         rootdbs         # Location (dbspace) of physical log PHYSFILE        2000            # Physical log file size (Kbytes) # Logical Log Configuration LOGFILES        6                # Number of logical log files LOGSIZE         2000            # Logical log size (Kbytes) LOG_BACKUP_MODE MANUAL # Logical log backup mode (MANUAL, CONT) # Tablespace Tablespace Configuration in Root Dbspace TBLTBLFIRST     0               # First extent size (Kbytes) (0 = default) TBLTBLNEXT      0           # Next extent size (Kbytes) (0 = default) # Security # DBCREATE_PERMISSION: # By default any user can create a database. Uncomment DBCREATE_PERMISSON to # limit database creation to a specific user. Add a new DBCREATE_PERMISSION # line for each permitted user. #DBCREATE_PERMISSION    informix # DB_LIBRARY_PATH: # When loading a (C or C++) shared object (for a UDR or UDT), IDS checks that # the user-specified path starts with one of the directory prefixes listed in # the comma-separated list of prefixes in DB_LIBRARY_PATH. The string # "$INFORMIXDIR/extend" must be included in DB_LIBRARY_PATH in order for # extensibility and IBM supplied blades to work correctly. # DB_LIBRARY_PATH $INFORMIXDIR/extend # IFX_EXTEND_ROLE: # 0 (or off) => Disable use of EXTEND role to control who can register #               external routines. # 1 (or on) => Enable use of EXTEND role to control who can register #               external routines. This is the default behaviour. # IFX_EXTEND_ROLE 1# To control the usage of EXTEND role. # Diagnostics MSGPATH    /opt/informix/log/online.log  #系统日志文件路径 CONSOLE   /dev/console    # System console message path # To automatically backup logical logs, edit alarmprogram.sh and set # BACKUPLOGS=Y ALARMPROGRAM    / opt /informix/etc/alarmprogram.sh #警告程序路径 ALRM_ALL_EVENTS 0      # Triggers ALARMPROGRAM for any event occur TBLSPACE_STATS 1      # Maintain tblspace statistics # System Archive Tape Device TAPEDEV         /dev/null       # Tape device path TAPEBLK         32              # Tape block size (Kbytes) TAPESIZE     10240   # Maximum amount of data to put on tape (Kbytes)   # Log Archive Tape Device LTAPEDEV        /dev/null       # Log tape device path LTAPEBLK        32              # Log tape block size (Kbytes) LTAPESIZE       10240 # Max amount of data to put on log tape (Kbytes) # Optical STAGEBLOB                       # Informix Dynamic Server staging area # System Configuration SERVERNUM       0     # Unique id corresponding to a OnLine instance DBSERVERNAME   cmsserver       #默认的数据库名称database name DBSERVERALIASES                 # List of alternate dbservernames #NETTYPE                          # Configure poll thread(s) for nettype DEADLOCK_TIMEOUT   60    # Max time to wait of lock in distributed env. RESIDENT        0          # Forced residency flag (Yes = 1, No = 0) MULTIPROCESSOR 0         # 0 for single-processor, 1 for multi-processor NUMCPUVPS       1         # Number of user (cpu) vps SINGLE_CPU_VP   0         # If non-zero, limit number of cpu vps to one NOAGE           0               # Process aging AFF_SPROC       0               # Affinity start processor AFF_NPROCS      0               # Affinity number of processors # Shared Memory Parameters LOCKS           200000          # 最大锁数量 NUMAIOVPS                       # Number of IO vps PHYSBUFF        32              # Physical log buffer size (Kbytes) LOGBUFF         32              # Logical log buffer size (Kbytes) CLEANERS        1               # Number of buffer cleaner processes SHMBASE         0x44000000    # Shared memory base address SHMVIRTSIZE     8192      # initial virtual shared memory segment size SHMADD          8192 # Size of new shared memory segments (Kbytes) EXTSHMADD    8192 # Size of new extension shared memory segments ( Kbytes) SHMTOTAL        0      # Total shared memory (Kbytes). 0=>unlimited CKPTINTVL       300             # Check point interval (in sec) TXTIMEOUT       0x12c           # Transaction timeout (in sec) STACKSIZE       32              # Stack size (Kbytes) # Dynamic Logging # DYNAMIC_LOGS: #    2 : server automatically add a new logical log when necessary. (ON) #    1 : notify DBA to add new logical logs when necessary. (ON) #    0 : cannot add logical log on the fly. (OFF) # When dynamic logging is on, we can have higher values for LTXHWM/LTXEHWM, # because the server can add new logical logs during long transaction rollback. # However, to limit the number of new logical logs being added, LTXHWM/LTXEHWM # can be set to smaller values. # # If dynamic logging is off, LTXHWM/LTXEHWM need to be set to smaller values # to avoid long transaction rollback hanging the server due to lack of logical # log space, i.e. 50/60 or lower. # # In case of system configured with CDR, the difference between LTXHWM and # LTXEHWM should be atleast 30% so that we could minimize log overrun issue.   DYNAMIC_LOGS    2 LTXHWM          70 LTXEHWM         80   # System Page Size # BUFFSIZE - OnLine no longer supports this configuration parameter. #            To determine the page size used by OnLine on your platform #            see the last line of output from the command, 'onstat -b'.   # Recovery Variables # OFF_RECVRY_THREADS: # Number of parallel worker threads during fast recovery or an offline restore. # ON_RECVRY_THREADS: # Number of parallel worker threads during an online restore. OFF_RECVRY_THREADS   10 # Default number of offline worker threads ON_RECVRY_THREADS    1   # Default number of online worker threads # Data Replication Variables # DRAUTO: 0 manual, 1 retain type, 2 reverse type DRAUTO          0               # DR automatic switchover DRINTERVAL      30    # DR max time between DR buffer flushes (in sec) DRTIMEOUT       30              # DR network timeout (in sec) DRLOSTFOUND  / opt /informix/etc/dr.lostfound # DR lost+found file path DRIDXAUTO       0             # DR automatic index repair. 0=off, 1=on # CDR Variables CDR_EVALTHREADS 1,2     # evaluator threads (per-cpu-vp,additional) CDR_DSLOCKWAIT 5       # DS lockwait timeout (seconds) CDR_QUEUEMEM    4096    # Maximum amount of memory for any CDR queue (Kbytes) CDR_NIFCOMPRESS 0 # Link level compression (-1 never, 0 none, 9 max) CDR_SERIAL        0,0       # Serial Column Sequence CDR_DBSPACE           # dbspace for syscdr database CDR_QHDR_DBSPACE    # CDR queue dbspace (default same as catalog) CDR_QDATA_SBSPACE   # List of CDR queue smart blob spaces # CDR_MAX_DYNAMIC_LOGS # -1 => unlimited # 0 => disable dynamic log addition # >0 => limit the no. of dynamic log additions with the specified value. # Max dynamic log requests that CDR can make within one server session.   CDR_MAX_DYNAMIC_LOGS    0 # Dynamic log addition disabled by default   # Backup/Restore variables BAR_ACT_LOG   / opt /informix/bar_act.log # ON-Bar Log file - not in /tmp please BAR_DEBUG_LOG / opt /informix/bar_dbug.log # ON-Bar Debug Log - not in /tmp please BAR_MAX_BACKUP 0 BAR_RETRY       1 BAR_NB_XPORT_COUNT 20 BAR_XFER_BUF_SIZE 31 RESTARTABLE_RESTORE     ON BAR_PROGRESS_FREQ       0   # Informix Storage Manager variables ISM_DATA_POOL   ISMData ISM_LOG_POOL    ISMLogs   # Read Ahead Variables RA_PAGES                   # Number of pages to attempt to read ahead RA_THRESHOLD             # Number of pages left before next group   # DBSPACETEMP: # OnLine equivalent of DBTEMP for SE. This is the list of dbspaces # that the OnLine SQL Engine will use to create temp tables etc. # If specified it must be a colon separated list of dbspaces that exist # when the OnLine system is brought online. If not specified, or if # all dbspaces specified are invalid, various ad hoc queries will create # temporary files in /tmp instead.   DBSPACETEMP     tmpdbs          # Default temp dbspaces   # DUMP*: # The following parameters control the type of diagnostics information which # is preserved when an unanticipated error condition (assertion failure) occurs # during OnLine operations. # For DUMPSHMEM, DUMPGCORE and DUMPCORE 1 means Yes, 0 means No.   DUMPDIR         / opt /informix/tmp   # Preserve diagnostics in this directory DUMPSHMEM       1               # Dump a copy of shared memory DUMPGCORE       0               # Dump a core image using 'gcore' DUMPCORE        0   # Dump a core image (Warning:this aborts OnLine) DUMPCNT         1      # Number of shared memory or gcore dumps for                            # a single user's session FILLFACTOR      90      # Fill factor for building indexes # method for OnLine to use when determining current time USEOSTIME   0    # 0: use internal time(fast), 1: get time from OS(slow)   # Parallel Database Queries (pdq) MAX_PDQPRIORITY 100    # Maximum allowed pdqpriority DS_MAX_QUERIES       # Maximum number of decision support queries DS_TOTAL_MEMORY        # Decision support memory (Kbytes) DS_MAX_SCANS 1048576   # Maximum number of decision support scans DS_NONPDQ_QUERY_MEM -1 # Non PDQ query memory (Kbytes) DATASKIP        off    # List of dbspaces to skip   # OPTCOMPIND # 0 => Nested loop joins will be preferred (where #      possible) over sortmerge joins and hash joins. # 1 => If the transaction isolation mode is not #      "repeatable read", optimizer behaves as in (2) #      below. Otherwise it behaves as in (0) above. # 2 => Use costs regardless of the transaction isolation #      mode. Nested loop joins are not necessarily #      preferred. Optimizer bases its decision purely #      on costs. OPTCOMPIND      2    # To hint the optimizer DIRECTIVES      1    # Optimizer DIRECTIVES ON (1/Default) or OFF (0) ONDBSPACEDOWN   2   # Dbspace down option: 0 = CONTINUE, 1 = ABORT, 2 = WAIT OPCACHEMAX      0    # Maximum optical cache size (Kbytes) # HETERO_COMMIT (Gateway participation in distributed transactions) # 1 => Heterogeneous Commit is enabled # 0 (or any other value) => Heterogeneous Commit is disabled HETERO_COMMIT   0 SBSPACENAME      # Default smartblob space name - this is where blobs                        # go if no sbspace is specified when the smartblob is                        # created. It is also used by some datablades as                        # the location to put their smartblobs. SYSSBSPACENAME    # Default smartblob space for use by the Informix                        # Server. This is used primarily for Informix Server                        # system statistics collection. BLOCKTIMEOUT    3600            # Default timeout for system block SYSALARMPROGRAM / opt /informix/etc/evidence.sh # System Alarm program path # Optimization goal: -1 = ALL_ROWS(Default), 0 = FIRST_ROWS OPT_GOAL        -1 ALLOW_NEWLINE   0   # embedded newlines(Yes = 1, No = 0 or anything but 1) #Create Index Online Shared Memory usage limitation ONLIDX_MAXMEM   5120            # Per pool per index (Kbytes) #Timeout for client connection request LISTEN_TIMEOUT 10              # Timeout (in Seconds) #Following are the deprecated configuration parameters, instead of these #use BUFFERPOOL configuration parameter #BUFFERS, LRUS, LRU_MIN_DIRTY, LRU_MAX_DIRTY IFX_FOLDVIEW    0       # fold multiple tables or union all view with ansi joins # # The following are default settings for enabling Java in the database. # Replace all occurrences of /usr/informix with the value of $INFORMIXDIR. #VPCLASS        jvp,num=1       # Number of JVPs to start with JVPJAVAHOME    / opt /informix/extend/krakatoa/jre # JRE installation root dire ctory JVPHOME         / opt /informix/extend/krakatoa # Krakatoa installation directory JVPPROPFILE     / opt /informix/extend/krakatoa/.jvpprops # JVP property file JVPLOGFILE      / opt /informix/jvp.log  # JVP log file. JDKVERSION    1.3              # JDK version supported by this server # The path to the JRE libraries relative to JVPJAVAHOME JVPJAVALIB    /bin # The JRE libraries to use for the Java VM JVPJAVAVM     jsig:hpi:jvm:java:net:zip:jpeg # use JVPARGS to change Java VM configuration #To display jni call #JVPARGS        -verbose:jni   # Classpath to use upon Java VM start-up (use _g version for debugging)   #JVPCLASSPATH /usr/informix/extend/krakatoa/krakatoa_g.jar:/usr/informix/extend/kra katoa/jdbc_g.jar JVPCLASSPATH / opt /informix/extend/krakatoa/krakatoa.jar:/usr/informix/extend/krakat oa/jdbc.jar   # The following parameters are related to the buffer pool #BUFFERPOOL      default,buffers=1000,lrus=8,lru_min_dirty=50,lru_max_dirty=60 BUFFERPOOL      size=2k,buffers=5000,lrus=8,lru_min_dirty=50,lru_max_dirty=60

 

注意以上红色部分，修改正确的informix安装路径，并在$INFORMIXDIR目录下新建data、log两个目录

D.     touch数据库空间文件，并注意修改为660模式

 

$cd $mkdir data $mkdir log $cd data $touch rootdbs $chmod 660 rootdbs $cd ../tmp $touch tmpdbs $chmod 660 tmpdbs

 

E.      新建etc/sqlhosts文件，根据sqlhosts.std模板进行修改，内容如下：

 

tramsserver     onsoctcp localhost sqlexec

 

其中sqlexec需要在/etc/services中定义

 

# Local services sqlexec         9088/tcp

 

 

6．Informix数据库初始化

a)        使用informix登录

b)        执行onmonitor

$onmonitor

Dynamic Server:   Status Parameters Dbspaces Mode Force-Ckpt ...

Status menu to view Dynamic Server.

-----------------------------Off-Line------- Press CTRL-W for Help. --------

c)        选择Parameters，再选择Initialize执行初始化，默认读取的就是上一节中的onconfig.cmsserver中的配置，可以一直按ESC继续

其中在Non PDQ Query Memory处修改为空

d)       确认安装，输入y

 

Do you really want to continue? (y/n)   WARNING: The ROOT DBspace will be initialized. All previous data will be destroyed.

 

e)         等到处理完毕，直接回车

 

Initializing, please wait ... Press Return to continue.

 

f)         安装完成，执行oninit测试是否成功启动，执行onmode –ky是否成功关闭

 

$oninit $onmode -ky

 

g)        可以在$INFORMIXDIR/log/online.log中看到启动关闭日志

 

19:11:40 'sysmaster' database built successfully. 19:11:40 'sysutils' database built successfully. 19:11:40 'sysuser' database built successfully. …… 19:12:01 Maximum server connections 1 19:12:02 IBM Informix Dynamic Server Stopped.

 

 

h)        安装完成