docker学习8-搭建nginx环境

时间：2021-08-10 15:32:59

前言

使用 docker 搭建 nginx 环境

下载镜像

使用docker pull 拉取最新的 nginx 镜像

[root@yoyo ~]# docker pull nginx

Using default tag: latest

latest: Pulling from library/nginx

b8f262c62ec6: Pull complete

e9218e8f93b1: Pull complete

7acba7289aa3: Pull complete

Digest: sha256:aeded0f2a861747f43a01cf1018cf9efe2bdd02afd57d2b11fcc7fcadc16ccd1

Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest

查看镜像

[root@yoyo ~]# docker images nginx

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE

nginx               latest              f949e7d76d63        2 weeks ago         126MB

[root@yoyo ~]#

启动容器

先启动容器: docker run -d --name nginx-tmp nginx

[root@yoyo nginx.conf]# docker run -d --name nginx-tmp nginx

7a453ca1aea80eb731de7270dcf6327ae81d2947ffd7faf2ae76253eb7bc0e6a

[root@yoyo nginx.conf]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES

7a453ca1aea8        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   4 seconds ago       Up 4 seconds        80/tcp                              nginx-tmp

nginx的目录文件在容器内部的位置

  • 日志文件位置：/var/log/nginx
  • 配置文件位置: /etc/nginx
  • 资源存放的位置: /usr/share/nginx/html

先在本地新建nginx运行的目录，日志目录为软连接，所以不创建logs目录

mkdir -p /root/nginx/html /root/nginx/conf

从容器中拷贝配置文件至本地

docker cp a89b2c5f3dd1:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf /root/nginx/conf

查看/root/nginx/conf目录下nginx.conf 文件内容

[root@yoyo conf]# cd /root/nginx/conf

[root@yoyo conf]# cat nginx.conf 

user  nginx;

worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;

pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {

    worker_connections  1024;

}

http {

    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;

    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '

                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '

                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;

    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

}

[root@yoyo conf]#

配置文件nginx.conf 拷贝到本地目录后，停掉上面的nginx容器并删除

[root@yoyo conf]# docker stop nginx-tmp

nginx-tmp

[root@yoyo conf]# docker rm nginx-tmp

nginx-tmp

正式部署

正式部署完整的指令

docker run -d -p 8088:80 --name nginx-yoyo -v ~/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v ~/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v ~/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx nginx

容器启动后使用docker ps查看有没启动

[root@yoyo nginx]# docker run -d -p 8088:80 --name nginx-yoyo -v ~/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html -v ~/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf -v ~/nginx/logs:/var/log/nginx nginx

1b4566a75078f55831edcff6b9b8f9d7a63f0d44702aae4cf0635a39aa63cded

[root@yoyo nginx]# docker ps

CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES

1b4566a75078        nginx               "nginx -g 'daemon of…"   2 seconds ago       Up 1 second         0.0.0.0:8088->80/tcp                nginx-yoyo

测试

如果你是本地访问，输入http://localhost:8088 即可访问到 web 服务器

通过其它机器访问服务器会报403错误，因为是将容器内的 nginx 的根目录给挂载到本地指定目录。

进入本地目录 /root/nginx/html 创建测试文件 index.html 写入以下内容

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>

<head>

<meta charset="utf-8">

<title>nginx</title>

</head>

<body>

    <h1>hello world!</h1>

    <p>yoyo</p>

</body>

</html>

浏览器输入http://ip:8088 即可访问了

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