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传统的filter及listener配置
在传统的Java web项目中,servlet、filter和listener的配置很简单,直接在web.xml中按顺序配置好即可,程序启动时,就会按照你配置的顺序依次加载(当然,web.xml中各配置信息总的加载顺序是context-param -> listener -> filter -> servlet),项目搭建完成后,估计一般新来的开发同学没啥事都不会去关注里面都做了些啥~ = =
废话少说,上代码,下面是一个传统的web.xml配置示例。
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><!-- define charset --><filter>
<filter-name>Set UTF-8</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param></filter><servlet>
<servlet-name>silver</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:xxx-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>silver</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
Spring Boot中该如何配置?
需要说明的是,Spring Boot项目里面是没有web.xml的,那么listener和filter我们该如何配置呢?
在Spring Boot项目中有两种方式进行配置,一种是通过Servlet3.0+提供的注解进行配置,分别为@WebServlet、@WebListener、@WebFilter。示例如下:
import javax.servlet.*;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;import java.io.IOException;/**
* @author bjyiguoqiang
* @date 2017/11/9 17:28.
*/@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/*", filterName = "helloFilter")public class HelloFilter implements Filter { @Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("init helloFilter");
} @Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("doFilter helloFilter");
filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest,servletResponse); } @Override
public void destroy() { }
}
import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.io.IOException;/**
* @author bjyiguoqiang
* @date 2017/11/9 17:27.
*/@WebServlet(name = "hello",urlPatterns = "/hello")public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet { @Override
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
resp.getWriter().print("hello word");
resp.getWriter().flush();
resp.getWriter().close();
} @Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException { this.doGet(req, resp);
}
}
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener;/**
* @author bjyiguoqiang
* @date 2017/11/9 17:28.
*/@WebListenerpublic class HelloListener implements ServletContextListener { @Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) {
System.out.println("HelloListener contextInitialized");
} @Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent servletContextEvent) { }
}
最后在程序入口类加入扫描注解@ServletComponentScan即可生效。
@SpringBootApplication@ServletComponentScanpublic class DemoaApplication { public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(DemoaApplication.class, args);
}
}
需要注意的是,使用@WebFilter 是无法实现filter的过滤顺序的,使用org.springframework.core.annotation包中的@Order注解在spring boot环境中也是不支持的。所有如果需要对自定义的filter排序,那么可以采用下面所述的方式。
另一种配置则是通过Spring Boot提供的三种类似Bean实现的,分别为ServletRegistrationBean、ServletListenerRegistrationBean以及FilterRegistrationBean。使用示例分别如下:
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletListenerRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;/**
* @author bjyiguoqiang
* @date 2017/11/9 17:44.
*/@Configurationpublic class MyConfigs { /**
* 配置hello过滤器
*/
@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean sessionFilterRegistration() {
FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
registrationBean.setFilter(new HelloFilter());
registrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/*");
registrationBean.addInitParameter("session_filter_key", "session_filter_value");
registrationBean.setName("helloFilter"); //设置加载顺序,数字越小,顺序越靠前,建议最小从0开始配置,最大为Integer.MAX_VALUE
registrationBean.setOrder(10); return registrationBean;
} /**
* 配置hello Servlet
*/
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean helloServletRegistration() {
ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(new HelloServlet());
registration.addUrlMappings("/hello"); //设置加载顺序,数字越小,顺序越靠前,建议最小从0开始配置,最大为Integer.MAX_VALUE
registration.setOrder(3); return registration;
} /**
* 配置hello Listner
*/
@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean helloListenerRegistrationBean(){
ServletListenerRegistrationBean servletListenerRegistrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean();
servletListenerRegistrationBean.setListener(new HelloListener()); //设置加载顺序,数字越小,顺序越靠前,建议最小从0开始配置,最大为Integer.MAX_VALUE
servletListenerRegistrationBean.setOrder(3); return servletListenerRegistrationBean;
}
}
-
通过Bean注入的方式进行配置,可以自定义加载顺序,这点很nice。
最后
在Spring Boot的环境中配置servlet、filter和listener虽然没有在web.xml中配置那么直观,不过也是挺简单的。
不足之处,欢迎指正,谢谢~
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