Hadoop集群完全分布式配置部署

下面的部署步骤，除非说明是在哪个服务器上操作，否则默认为在所有服务器上都要操作。为了方便，使用root用户。

1.准备工作

1.1 centOS6服务器3台

手动指定3服务器台以下信息：

hostname	IP	mask	gateway	DNS	备注
master	172.17.138.82	255.255.255.0	172.17.138.1	202.203.85.88	服务器1
slave1	172.17.138.83	255.255.255.0	172.17.138.1	202.203.85.88	服务器2
slave2	172.17.138.84	255.255.255.0	172.17.138.1	202.203.85.88	服务器3
PC	172.17.138.61	255.255.255.0	172.17.138.1	202.203.85.88	Windows PC

1.2 软件包

hadoop-2.7.6.tar.gz

jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz

上传到3台服务器的/soft目录下

(下载地址：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1a_Pjl8uJ2d_-r1hbN05fWA)

1.3 关闭防火墙

关闭并检查防火墙

[root@ ~]# chkconfig iptables off
[root@ ~]# service iptables stop
[root@ ~]# service iptables status

1.4 关闭selinux

临时关闭

[root@ ~]# setenforce 0

永久关闭,SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled

[root@ ~]# vi /etc/selinux/config

#SELINUX=enforcing

SELINUX=disabled

1.5 开启sshd,windows下用Xshell连接3台虚拟机，方便配置(复制、粘贴)

[root@ ~]# service sshd start

Windows下用Xshell连接3台虚拟机

（文件下载：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1K052DJT9Pq0xy8XAVa764Q）

1.6 安装JDK

解压jdk

[root@ ~]# mkdir -p /soft/java

[root@ soft]# tar -zxvf jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /soft/java/

配置环境变量

[root@ soft]# echo -e "\nexport JAVA_HOME=/soft/java/jdk1.8.0_171" >> /etc/profile

[root@ soft]# echo -e "\nexport PATH=\$PATH:\$JAVA_HOME/bin" >> /etc/profile

[root@ soft]# echo -e "\nexport CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar" >> /etc/profile

[root@ soft]# source /etc/profile

1.7 配置主机域名

1）master 172.17.138.82上操作

[root@ soft]# hostname master

[root@master ~]# vi /etc/hostname master

2)slave1 172.17.138.83上操作

[root@ soft]# hostname slave1

[root@master ~]# vi /etc/hostname

slave1

3)slave2 172.17.138.84上操作

[root@ soft]# hostname slave2

[root@master ~]# vi /etc/hostname
slave2

1.8 配置hosts

3台服务器上都执行

[root@master ~]# echo '172.17.138.82 master' >> /etc/hosts

[root@master ~]# echo '172.17.138.83 slave1' >> /etc/hosts

[root@master ~]# echo '172.17.138.84 slave2' >> /etc/hosts

1.9 ssh免密码登录

master上操作

[root@master home]# ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.

Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):

Created directory '/root/.ssh'.

Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):

Enter same passphrase again:

Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.

Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.

The key fingerprint is:

1d:33:50:ac:03:2f:d8:10:8f:3d:48:95:d3:f8:7a:05 root@master

The key's randomart image is:

+--[ RSA 2048]----+

| oo.+.o. |

| ..== E.. |

| o++= o+ |

| . o.=..+ |

| oSo. |

| . . |

| . |

| |

+-----------------+

[root@master home]#

一直enter，信息中会看到.ssh/id_rsa.pub的路径。

[root@master ~]# cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys

检查slave1,slave2上/root下，是否有.ssh目录，没有则创建,注意要有ll -a命令

slave1,slave2上操作

[root@ ~]# ll -a /root/

总用量 36

dr-xr-x---. 2 root root 4096 11月 16 17:31 .

dr-xr-xr-x. 18 root root 4096 11月 17 16:49 ..

-rw-------. 1 root root 953 11月 16 17:27 anaconda-ks.cfg

-rw-------. 1 root root 369 11月 17 18:12 .bash_history

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 12月 29 2013 .bash_logout

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 12月 29 2013 .bash_profile

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 176 12月 29 2013 .bashrc

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 100 12月 29 2013 .cshrc

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 129 12月 29 2013 .tcshrc

[root@ ~]# mkdir /root/.ssh

把master上的/root/.ssh/authorized_keys复制到slave1,slave2的/root/.ssh上

master上操作

[root@master ~]# scp /root/.ssh/authorized_keys root@172.17.138.83:/root/.ssh/

[root@master ~]# scp /root/.ssh/authorized_keys root@172.17.138.84:/root/.ssh/

master,slave1,slave2上都操作

[root@master ~]# chmod 700 /root/.ssh

验证

master上操作

ssh
master,ssh slave1,ssh slave2

[root@master .ssh]# ssh slave1

Last failed login: Fri Nov 18 16:52:28 CST 2016 from master on ssh:notty

There were 2 failed login attempts since the last successful login.

Last login: Fri Nov 18 16:22:23 2016 from 192.168.174.1

[root@slave1 ~]# logout

Connection to slave1 closed.

[root@master .ssh]# ssh slave2

The authenticity of host 'slave2 (172.17.138.84)' can't be established.

ECDSA key fingerprint is 95:76:9a:bc:ef:5e:f2:b3:cf:35:67:7a:3e:da:0e:e2.

Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes

Warning: Permanently added 'slave2' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.

Last failed login: Fri Nov 18 16:57:12 CST 2016 from master on ssh:notty

There was 1 failed login attempt since the last successful login.

Last login: Fri Nov 18 16:22:40 2016 from 192.168.174.1

[root@slave2 ~]# logout

Connection to slave2 closed.

[root@master .ssh]# ssh master

Last failed login: Fri Nov 18 16:51:45 CST 2016 from master on ssh:notty

There was 1 failed login attempt since the last successful login.

Last login: Fri Nov 18 15:33:56 2016 from 192.168.174.1

[root@master ~]#

2.配置hadoop集群

下面操作，若无特别指明，均是3台服务器都执行操作。

2.1 解压

[root@master soft]# mkdir -p /soft/hadoop/

[root@master soft]# tar -zxvf hadoop-2.7.6.tar.gz -C /soft/hadoop/

2.2 配置环境

[root@master
~]# vim /root/.bashrc

#HADOOP START

#export HADOOP_HOME=/soft/hadoop

export HADOOP_HOME=/soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6

#HADOOP END

export
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin/:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/bin:/soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/sbin

[root@master ~]# source ~/.bashrc

[root@master hadoop-2.7.6]# source /etc/profile

[root@master hadoop-2.7.6]# hadoop version

Hadoop 2.7.6

Subversion https://git-wip-us.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop.git -r baa91f7c6bc9cb92be5982de4719c1c8af91ccff

Compiled by root on 2016-08-18T01:41Z

Compiled with protoc 2.5.0

From source with checksum 2e4ce5f957ea4db193bce3734ff29ff4

This command was run using /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/share/hadoop/common/hadoop-common-2.7.6.jar

[root@master hadoop-2.7.6]#

修改hadoop配置文件

hadoop-env.sh,yarn-env.sh增加JAVA_HOME配置

[root@slave2 soft]# echo -e "export JAVA_HOME=/soft/java/jdk1.8.0_171" >> /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

[root@slave2 soft]# echo -e "export JAVA_HOME=/soft/java/jdk1.8.0_171" >> /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/etc/hadoop/yarn-env.sh

创建目录/hadoop,/hadoop/tmp,/hadoop/hdfs/data,/hadoop/hdfs/name

[root@master hadoop]# mkdir -p /hadoop/tmp

[root@master hadoop]# mkdir -p /hadoop/hdfs/data

[root@master hadoop]# mkdir -p /hadoop/hdfs/name

修改core-site.xml文件

[root@ ~]# vi /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

<name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>

<value>/hadoop/tmp</value>

<description>Abase for
other temporary directories.</description>

</property>

<name>fs.defaultFS</name>

<value>hdfs://master:9000</value>

</property>

<name>io.file.buffer.size</name>

</property>

</configuration>

修改hdfs-site.xml

[root@ ~]# vi
/soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

<name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>

<value>file:/hadoop/hdfs/name</value>

</property>

<name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>

<value>file:/hadoop/hdfs/data</value>

</property>

<name>dfs.replication</name>

</property>

<name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>

<value>master:9001</value>

</property>

<name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>

</property>

</configuration>

复制mapred-site.xml.template为mapred-site.xml,并修改

[root@master hadoop]# cd /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/etc/hadoop/

[root@master hadoop]# cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml

[root@master hadoop]# vi mapred-site.xml

<name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>

</property>

<name>mapreduce.jobtracker.http.address</name>

<value>master:50030</value>

</property>

<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>

<value>master:10020</value>

</property>

<name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>

<value>master:19888</value>

</property>

<name>mapred.job.tracker</name>

<value>http://master:9001</value>

</property>

</configuration>

修改yarn-site.xml

[root@master hadoop]# vi yarn-site.xml

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>

<value>master</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>

<value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>

<value>master:8032</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>

<value>master:8030</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>

<value>master:8031</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>

<value>master:8033</value>

</property>

<name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>

<value>master:8088</value>

</property>

/soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/etc/hadoop/slave,删除默认的,添加slave1,slave2

[root@master hadoop]# echo -e "slave1\nslave2" > /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/etc/hadoop/slaves

2.3 启动

只在master执行,格式化

[root@master hadoop]# cd /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/bin/

[root@master bin]# ./hadoop namenode -format

启动，只在master执行

[root@master bin]# cd /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/sbin/

[root@master sbin]# ./start-all.sh

3.验证

请参照上一篇伪分布式截图，一模一样

3.1 jps查看各节点

master

[root@master sbin]# jps

3337 Jps

2915 SecondaryNameNode

3060 ResourceManager

2737 NameNode

[root@master sbin]#

slave1

[root@slave1 hadoop]# jps

2608 DataNode

2806 Jps

2706 NodeManager

[root@slave1 hadoop]#

slave2

[root@slave2 hadoop]# jps

2614 DataNode

2712 NodeManager

2812 Jps

[root@slave2 hadoop]#
浏览器访问master的50070，比如http://172.17.138.82:50070

http://172.17.138.82:8088/

好了，说明hadoop集群正常工作了

3.2 创建输入的数据，采用/etc/protocols文件作为测试

先将文件拷贝到 hdfs 上：

[root@master sbin]# hadoop dfs -put /etc/protocols /user/hadoop/input

3.3 执行Hadoop WordCount应用（词频统计）

# 如果存在上一次测试生成的output，由于hadoop的安全机制，直接运行可能会报错，所以请手动删除上一次生成的output文件夹

$ hadoop jar /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/share/hadoop/mapreduce/sources/hadoop-mapreduce-examples-2.7.6-sources.jar org.apache.hadoop.examples.WordCount input output

3.4查看生成的单词统计数据

$ hadoop dfs -cat /user/hadoop/output/*

3.5停止

[root@master bin]# cd /soft/hadoop/hadoop-2.7.6/sbin/

[root@master sbin]# ./stop-all.sh

秒客网

3-3 Hadoop集群完全分布式配置部署

Hadoop集群完全分布式配置部署

1.准备工作

1.1 centOS6服务器3台

1.2 软件包

1.3 关闭防火墙

1.4 关闭selinux

1.5 开启sshd,windows下用Xshell连接3台虚拟机，方便配置(复制、粘贴)

1.6 安装JDK

1.7 配置主机域名

1.8 配置hosts

1.9 ssh免密码登录

2.配置hadoop集群

2.1 解压

2.2 配置环境

2.3 启动

3.验证

3.1 jps查看各节点

3.2 创建输入的数据，采用/etc/protocols文件作为测试

3.3 执行Hadoop WordCount应用（词频统计）

3.4查看生成的单词统计数据

3.5停止

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