问题:
原来有单个文件tcpclient.c,运行gcc -o tcpclient tcpclient.c可以顺利完成编译,并能与下载到目标板中的tcpserver成功通讯;
现在把tcpclient.c中的底层通讯部分抽取出来,单独放到一个文件中nettrans.c中,并有netrans.h作为头文件;
然后,使用命令
gcc -o tcpclient nettrans.c tcpclient.c编译,也总能成功编译。
但是,使用Makefile来编译,总是出现如下multiple definition of类的错误:
dingq@u1110-120628:~/hwsvn/2sw/1prj_linux/pdu/src/branches/pdu-isocket/isocket$ makeMakefile的内容:
gcc nettrans.o tcpclient.o -o tcpclient
tcpclient.o: In function `nettrans':
/home/dingq/hwsvn/2sw/1prj_linux/pdu/src/branches/pdu-isocket/isocket/nettrans.c:30: multiple definition of `nettrans'
nettrans.o:/home/dingq/hwsvn/2sw/1prj_linux/pdu/src/branches/pdu-isocket/isocket/nettrans.c:30: first defined here
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../i386-linux-gnu/crt1.o: In function `_start':
(.text+0x18): undefined reference to `main'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [client] Error 1
CC = gcc
CROSS_COMPILE = arm-linux-
CROSS_CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
CCFLAGS = -g3 -Wall -o0
LDFLAGS =
RM = -rm -rf
SRC_CLIENT = nettrans.c tcpclient.c
SRC_SERVER = tcpserver.c
OBJ_CLIENT = $(SRC_CLIENT:%.c=%.o)
OBJ_SERVER = $(SRC_SERVER:%.c=%.o)
.PHONY : all
all : client
$(OBJ_CLIENT) : $(SRC_CLIENT)
$(CC) $(CCFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
$(OBJ_SERVER) : $(SRC_SERVER)
$(CROSS_CC) $(CCFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
client : $(OBJ_CLIENT)
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJ_CLIENT) -o tcpclient
server : $(OBJ_SERVER)
$(CROSS_CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJ_SERVER) -o tcpserver
.PHONY : clean
clean :
$(RM) *.o tcpclient tcpserver
解决办法:
1. 使用普通命令编译可以成功,但是使用Makefile就不成功,说明问题出在Makefile上;
再仔细检查Makefile具体的编译执行过程:
dingq@u1110-120628:~/hwsvn/2sw/1prj_linux/pdu/src/branches/pdu-isocket/isocket$ make clean;make原来生成nettrans.o和tcpclient.o都使用了相同的源文件nettrans.c;
rm -rf *.o tcpclient tcpserver
gcc -g3 -Wall -o0 -c nettrans.c -o nettrans.o
gcc -g3 -Wall -o0 -c nettrans.c -o tcpclient.o
gcc nettrans.o tcpclient.o -o tcpclient
tcpclient.o: In function `nettrans':
/home/dingq/hwsvn/2sw/1prj_linux/pdu/src/branches/pdu-isocket/isocket/nettrans.c:30: multiple definition of `nettrans'
nettrans.o:/home/dingq/hwsvn/2sw/1prj_linux/pdu/src/branches/pdu-isocket/isocket/nettrans.c:30: first defined here
/usr/lib/gcc/i686-linux-gnu/4.6.1/../../../i386-linux-gnu/crt1.o: In function `_start':
(.text+0x18): undefined reference to `main'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [client] Error 1
所以,是Makefile中
$(OBJ_CLIENT) : $(SRC_CLIENT)这个地方出了问题,应该使用模式规则来进行目标文件和依赖文件的匹配;
$(CC) $(CCFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
更改Makefile如下:
CC = gcc重新编译,成功生成tcpclient。
CROSS_COMPILE = arm-linux-
CROSS_CC = $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc
CCFLAGS = -g3 -Wall -o0
LDFLAGS =
RM = -rm -rf
SRC_CLIENT = nettrans.c tcpclient.c
SRC_SERVER = tcpserver.c
OBJ_CLIENT = $(SRC_CLIENT:%.c=%.o)
.PHONY : all
all : client
%.o : %.c
$(CC) $(CCFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
client : $(OBJ_CLIENT)
$(CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJ_CLIENT) -o tcpclient
server : $(OBJ_SERVER)
$(CROSS_CC) $(CCFLAGS) -c $(SRC_SERVER) -o $(OBJ_SERVER)
$(CROSS_CC) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJ_SERVER) -o tcpserver
.PHONY : clean
clean :
$(RM) *.o tcpclient tcpserver
问题解决。