TSql Output 用法

时间:2022-08-08 14:40:13

这是ElasticSearch 2.4 版本系列的第五篇:

使用C#代码实现对ElastiSearch的编程查询,是十分方便的,通常情况下,开发者采用官方提供的NEST客户端程序,通过封装的方法向ElasticSearch引擎发送查询请求,搜索数据,最终获取返回的查询结果,实现预定的业务需求。在内部,NEST客户端通过格式化的数据结构,把C#代码转换成HTTP 请求(Request),减轻了用户直接编写Qeury DSL的麻烦。当然,用户也可以直接把Query DSL封装成HTTP请求,发送到ElasticSearch引擎;对开发者来说,不仅需要熟悉Query DSL的语法,而且需要手动编写代码,处理引擎返回的JSON结构化的数据集,采用这种方式的优点是不受限于NEST客户端程序,能够最大化使用ElasticSearch查询的各种参数,书写*。

本文简单介绍使用C#代码对ElasticSearch进行编程查询的流程,具体的细节,请参考官方文档。

一,编程流程

1,创建客户端

在搜索文档之前,首先要连接到ElasticSearch引擎,创建客户端对象

using Nest;
var node = new Uri("http://myserver:9200");
var settings = new ConnectionSettings(node).DefaultIndex("default");
var client = new ElasticClient(settings);

2,创建查询请求

连接到引擎之后,创建搜索请求(SearchRequest),用于封装查询类型和查询条件

SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest("meetup", "events");

3,指定查询类型和查询条件

为搜索请求指定查询类型,可以是词条搜索,或全文搜索

TermQuery tq = new TermQuery();
tq.Field = "eventname";
tq.Value = "azure";
sr.Query = tq;

4,调整查询结果

为搜索请求设置参数,排序,分页,和选择返回的字段等,在选择查询结果返回的字段时,推荐在查询请求(SearchRequest)中使用Source Filter。

在查询请求中,通过类RequestSearch的数组字段StoredFileds,把已存储字段添加到该数组中,ElasticSearch引擎只返回特定的字段,而不是文档的所有字段。在索引映射中,已存储字段的store属性为true,StoredFileds数组只能选择已存储字段(stored field)。

//windows
sr.From = ;
sr.Size = ; //sort
ISort sort = new SortField { Field = "eventid", Order = SortOrder.Ascending };
sr.Sort = new List<ISort>();
sr.Sort.Add(sort); //source filter
sr.Source = new SourceFilter()
{
Includes = new string[] { "eventid", "eventname" },
Excludes = new string[] { "roginalid", "description" }
};

5,执行查询请求

最后,客户端执行搜索请求,获取搜索结果,并将查询结果中的文档集转换成列表

var result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr);
return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>();

二,示例代码,使用Nest客户端搜索文档

在该示例代码中,本文简单列举词条查询,匹配查询,布尔查询和正则表达式查询的示例代码。

1,词条查询

public List<MeetupEvents>GetResult_TermQuery( )
{
//create term query
TermQuery tq = new TermQuery();
tq.Field = "eventname";
tq.Value = "azure"; //create search request
SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest("meetup", "events");
sr.Query = tq; //windows
sr.From = ;
sr.Size = ; //sort
ISort sort = new SortField { Field = "eventid", Order = SortOrder.Ascending };
sr.Sort = new List<ISort>();
sr.Sort.Add(sort); //source filter
sr.Source = new SourceFilter()
{
Includes = new string[] { "eventid", "eventname" },
Excludes = new string[] { "roginalid", "description" }
}; var result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr);
return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>();
}

2,匹配查询

public List<MeetupEvents> GetResult_MatchQuery()
{
SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest("meetup", "events");
MatchQuery mq = new MatchQuery();
mq.Field = new Field("eventname");
mq.Query = "azure cloud";
mq.MinimumShouldMatch = ;
mq.Operator = Operator.Or; sr.Query = mq;
sr.From = ;
sr.Size = ;
sr.Sort = new List<ISort>();
sr.Sort.Add(new SortField { Field = "eventid", Order = SortOrder.Ascending }); ISearchResponse<MeetupEvents> result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr); return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>();
}

3,正则表达式查询

public List<MeetupEvents>GetResult_RegexpQuery()
{
SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest(); RegexpQuery rq = new RegexpQuery();
rq.Field = "description";
rq.Value = "azu.*";
rq.MaximumDeterminizedStates = ; sr.Query = rq; var result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr);
return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>();
}

4,布尔查询

public List<MeetupEvents>GetResult_BoolQuery()
{
SearchRequest sr = new SearchRequest("meetup", "events"); BoolQuery bq = new BoolQuery();
bq.Filter = new QueryContainer[]
{
new MatchQuery()
{
Field="eventname",
Query="azure cloud",
Operator=Operator.Or,
MinimumShouldMatch=
},
new MatchQuery()
{
Field ="eventname",
Query="aws google",
Operator=Operator.Or,
MinimumShouldMatch=
}
};
bq.Should = new QueryContainer[]
{
new TermQuery()
{
Field="description",
Value="azure"
},
new TermQuery()
{
Field="description",
Value="cloud"
} };
bq.MinimumShouldMatch = ; sr.Query = bq; var result = client.Search<MeetupEvents>(sr);
return result.Documents.ToList<MeetupEvents>();
}

三,把Query DSL封装成HTTP Request

向ElasticSearch引擎发送Http请求,在http请求中指定查询的类型和查询条件,引擎在收到请求后执行搜索,查询结果以HTTP 响应(Response)返回,开发者需要从Response返回的JSON结构字符串中解析搜索结果。

1,封装类库

以下HTTP网络编程代码,是我们项目组一姐Amy的作品,谢谢Amy的分享,代码可以进一步封装,在此文中,仅仅作为演示:

namespace ElasticSearchNet
{
class ESRequest
{
string es_host;
string es_port;
string es_index;
string es_type;
private string url; public ESRequest(string host,string index,string type,string port="")
{
es_host = host;
es_port = port;
es_index = index;
es_type = type; string requst_cache = "request_cache=true";
url = string.Format("http://{0}:{1}/{2}/{3}/_search?{4}", es_host, es_port, es_index, es_type,requst_cache);
} public string ExecuteQeury(string json_query)
{
HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
request.ContentType = "aplication/json";
request.Method = "POST";
request.Timeout = * ;
using (var sw = new StreamWriter(request.GetRequestStream()))
{
sw.Write(json_query);
sw.Flush();
sw.Close();
} var response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
using (var sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()))
{
return sr.ReadToEnd();
}
}
}
}

2,执行查询

查询的结果是JSON结构的字符串,通常使用JObject和JToken类处理。

ESRequest es = new ElasticSearchNet.ESRequest("cia-sh-svr-sis3", "meetup", "events");
string json_query = @"
{ ""query"":{
""match"":{
""eventname"":""azure""
}
}
}
";
string strJsonResult=es.ExecuteQeury(json_query);

解析JSON的常用类库是:

参考文档:

Elasticsearch.Net and NEST: the .NET clients [5.x] » Search

Elasticsearch.Net and NEST: the .NET clients [5.x] » Query DSL