Android中Activity和Service的数据通讯

时间:2022-09-25 14:11:06

在Android中,我们通常需要Activity跟Service进行通讯,很多人只知道Activity掉用Service,却不知道Service如何将数据返回给Activity。其实Service返回数据给Activity有很多种方法,1、广播。2、回调。3、Activity每隔几秒去取Service的方法等等。现在我们只讨论第二种方法。回调。举个例子,我们Activity里面有两个参数a 和b,这时需要计算a和b的和,但是不能在Activity里面计算。需要在Service里面去计算。这时计算完之后,通过Service的回调,将结果返回给Activity。废话不多说,直接上代码:

我们先定义一个Service,命名为MyService。首先在MyService里面定义一个计算返回的接口。当也可以在外面定义。

public interface OnAddCalculateListener{
void onAddResultCallback(int value);
}
然后写两个公开的方法,一个是注册,一个是反注册。如下
public void registenerOnAddCalculateListener(OnAddCalculateListener onAddCalculateListener){
this.onAddCalculateListener=onAddCalculateListener;
}
public void unregistenerOnAddCalculateListener(){
this.onAddCalculateListener = null;
}
然后写计算方法,计算结束之后,通过回调的接口,把值回调。这时候,如果有其他地方注册了OnAddCalculateListener 这个回调监听,便可以收到计算的结果。
public void startAddCalculate(int a,int b){
if(onAddCalculateListener != null){
int value = a + b;
onAddCalculateListener.onAddResultCallback(value);
}
}
然后我们看到Activity,我们先绑定MyService。
Intent intent = new Intent(this,MyService.class);
bindService(intent,conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
然后创建一个conn。这时如果绑定成功后,会回调onServiceConnected方法。
private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
myService = ((MyService.MyBinder) iBinder).getMyService();
myService.registenerOnAddCalculateListener(onAddCalculateListener);
} @Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) { }
};
此时我们就可以取到MyService的实例,并且开始注册计算方法返回的回调。
private OnAddCalculateListener onAddCalculateListener = new OnAddCalculateListener(){
@Override
public void onAddResultCallback(int value) {
mTextView.setText(Integer.toString(value));
}
};
此时,如果有回调。便直接显示在TextView上面。
以下是MainActivity.java的代码:
package com.example.admin.myapplication;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView; import com.example.admin.myapplication.MyService.OnAddCalculateListener; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener { private Button mButton;
private TextView mTextView;
private MyService myService =null;
private int a = 100;
private int b = 30; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Intent intent = new Intent(this,MyService.class);
bindService(intent,conn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
mButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn);
mTextView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.text_view);
mButton.setOnClickListener(this);
}
private ServiceConnection conn = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder iBinder) {
myService = ((MyService.MyBinder) iBinder).getMyService();
myService.registenerOnAddCalculateListener(onAddCalculateListener);
} @Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) { }
};
private OnAddCalculateListener onAddCalculateListener = new OnAddCalculateListener(){
@Override
public void onAddResultCallback(int value) {
mTextView.setText(Integer.toString(value));
}
}; @Override
public void onClick(View view) {
switch (view.getId()){
case R.id.btn:
if(myService != null){
myService.startAddCalculate(a,b);
}
break;
}
} @Override
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
if(myService != null){
myService.unregistenerOnAddCalculateListener();
}
}
} 下面是MyService.java的代码:
package com.example.admin.myapplication;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder; public class MyService extends Service { private OnAddCalculateListener onAddCalculateListener; @Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
return new MyBinder();
} public class MyBinder extends Binder{
public MyService getMyService(){
return MyService.this;
}
} public void startAddCalculate(int a,int b){
if(onAddCalculateListener != null){
int value = a + b;
onAddCalculateListener.onAddResultCallback(value);
}
} public interface OnAddCalculateListener{
void onAddResultCallback(int value);
} public void registenerOnAddCalculateListener(OnAddCalculateListener onAddCalculateListener){
this.onAddCalculateListener=onAddCalculateListener;
}
public void unregistenerOnAddCalculateListener(){
this.onAddCalculateListener = null;
}
}