前言:
spring容器以xml的形式注入bean,然后可以在类中获取,获取的形式主要有二种:第一种最简单--采用@Resource 或@Autowired关键字在加载spring文件时将bean注入到相应的类中;第二种方式是先用FileSystemXmlApplicationContext、ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 实例化ApplicationContext(Spring容器),然后调用其getBean方法获取。
下面直接代码说明:
注意:是在springJUnit的测试环境下。如不是测试环境,在实际中,如果用到@Resource 或@Autowired自动注入的方式,还需在spring容器添加“扫包”,这样项目发布时加载spring容器才会扫描具体的包下面的类,然后将bean注入到该类中。
一、加载文件放在类目录下
package com.my.test; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import com.wql.vo.User; /**
* spring test
* 加载文件放在类目录下
* @author Lenovo
*
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:applicationContext.xml")
public class MyTest {
@Resource
private User user3;//用@Resource关键字自动注入获取bean。注意:引用名是在spring容器中的注入bean的id,不可瞎写! @Test
public void test1(){//用FileSystemXmlApplicationContext获取bean
ApplicationContext ac = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("classpath:applicationContext.xml");
System.out.println(ac);//org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext@52c603e7: startup date [Tue Feb 09:38 CST 2016]; root of context hierarchy
}
@Test
public void test2(){//用ClassPathXmlApplicationContext获取bean
ApplicationContext act=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml"); User user=(User)act.getBean("user");
System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void test3(){
System.out.println(user3);
} }
二、加载文件放在WEB-INF目录下
package com.my.test; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import com.wql.vo.User;
/**
* spring tes
* 加载文件放在WEB-INF目录下
* @author Lenovo
*
*/
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"file:WebContent/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml"})
public class MyTes {
@Resource
private User user3; @Test
public void test1(){
//FileSystemXmlApplicationContext 加载WEB-INF目录下的文件必须是绝对路径
ApplicationContext ac = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("D:/STS_workspace/mynewdpiTest/WebContent/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml");
System.out.println(ac);
System.out.println(ac.getBean("user"));
}
@Test
public void test2(){//ClassPathXmlApplicationContext 不能加载WEB-INF目录下的文件,只能加载类目录下的文件。
ApplicationContext act=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("D:/STS_workspace/mynewdpiTest/WebContent/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml");
System.out.println(act);
// User user=(User)act.getBean("user");
// System.out.println(user);
}
@Test
public void test3(){
System.out.println(user3);
} }