如何在现有的pdf文件中附加一个图

I want to append a plot to an existing pdf long after dev.off() has been called*. After reading the pdf() help file and after reading the Q & A here and here, I'm pretty sure it can't be done in R. But, maybe some of you smarter people have a solution that I wasn't able to find.

我想在dev.off()被称为*之后很久再将一个阴谋添加到一个现有的pdf中。在阅读了pdf()帮助文件并在这里和这里阅读了Q & A之后，我很确定在r中不能实现它，但是，也许你们中一些更聪明的人有一个我无法找到的解决方案。

pdf("Append to me.%03d.pdf",onefile=T)
plot(1:10,10:1) #First plot (page 1)
dev.off()
pdf("Append to me.%03d.pdf",onefile=T)
plot(1:10,rep(5,10)) #Want this one on page 2
dev.off()

*This not a duplicate of the questions linked above because I want to append to a pdf file after the pdf device has been closed.

*这不是上面链接的问题的副本，因为我想在pdf设备关闭后附加到pdf文件中。

5 个解决方案

#1

You could use recordPlot to store each plot in a list, then write them all to a pdf file at the end with replayPlot. Here's an example:

您可以使用recordPlot将每个plot存储在一个列表中，然后在replayPlot的末尾将它们全部写入一个pdf文件。这里有一个例子:

num.plots <- 5
my.plots <- vector(num.plots, mode='list')

for (i in 1:num.plots) {
    plot(i)
    my.plots[[i]] <- recordPlot()
}
graphics.off()

pdf('myplots.pdf', onefile=TRUE)
for (my.plot in my.plots) {
    replayPlot(my.plot)
}
graphics.off()

#2

If you are willing to install the small, free, platform-independent pdftk utililty, you could use a system call from R to have it stitch all of your figures together:

如果您愿意安装小型的、免费的、独立于平台的pdftk实用程序，您可以使用来自R的系统调用，让它将您的所有数据缝合在一起:

## A couple of example pdf docs
pdf("Append to me.1.pdf")
plot(1:10,10:1)
dev.off()

pdf("Append to me.2.pdf")
plot(1:10,rep(5,10)) 
dev.off()

## Collect the names of the figures to be glued together
ff <- dir(pattern="Append to me")
## The name of the pdf doc that will contain all the figures
outFileName <- "AllFigs.pdf"

## Make a system call to pdftk
system2(command = "pdftk",
        args = c(shQuote(ff), "cat output", shQuote(outFileName)))

## The command above is equiv. to typing the following at the system command line
## pdftk "Append to me.1.pdf" "Append to me.2.pdf" cat output "AllFigs.pdf"

#3

This is horribly hacky and probably belies my limited UNIX shell fu, but it works for me on a Fedora 17 box with the pdfjam package installed (not an R package, but from the YUM repos)

这非常陈腐，可能与我有限的UNIX shell fu不相符，但它适用于安装了pdfjam包(不是R包，而是YUM repos)的Fedora 17盒。

pdf("pdf1.pdf")
plot(1:10)
dev.off()

pdf("| pdfjoin --outfile \"pdf2.pdf\" && pdfjoin pdf1.pdf pdf2.pdf --outfile pdf1.pdf && rm pdf2.pdf")
plot(10:1)
dev.off()

The output in R is:

R中的输出为:

> pdf("| pdfjoin --outfile \"pdf2.pdf\" && pdfjoin pdf1.pdf pdf2.pdf --outfile pdf1.pdf && rm pdf2.pdf")## && pdfunite joined.pdf tmp.pdf joined.pdf && rm tmp.pdf")
> plot(10:1)
> dev.off()
          ----
  pdfjam: This is pdfjam version 2.08.
  pdfjam: Reading any site-wide or user-specific defaults...
          (none found)
  pdfjam: No PDF/JPG/PNG source specified: input is from stdin.
  pdfjam: Effective call for this run of pdfjam:
          /usr/bin/pdfjam --fitpaper 'true' --rotateoversize 'true' --suffix joined --outfile pdf2.pdf -- /dev/stdin - 
  pdfjam: Calling pdflatex...
  pdfjam: Finished.  Output was to 'pdf2.pdf'.
          ----
  pdfjam: This is pdfjam version 2.08.
  pdfjam: Reading any site-wide or user-specific defaults...
          (none found)
  pdfjam: Effective call for this run of pdfjam:
          /usr/bin/pdfjam --fitpaper 'true' --rotateoversize 'true' --suffix joined --outfile pdf1.pdf -- pdf1.pdf - pdf2.pdf - 
  pdfjam: Calling pdflatex...
  pdfjam: Finished.  Output was to 'pdf1.pdf'.
null device 
          1

Basically, pdfjoin will take input from stdin if it is the only input file so I pipe the output from pdf() to the pdfjoin program and specify the output file using the --outfile argument. Then using && is join the original pdf1.pdf with the pdf2.pdf just created, specifying that the output PDF is pdf1.pdf, the name of the original PDF.

基本上，如果stdin是唯一的输入文件，pdfjoin将接受输入，因此我将输出从pdf()传输到pdfjoin程序，并使用-outfile参数指定输出文件。然后使用&并加入原始的pdf1。与pdf2 pdf。pdf刚刚创建，指定输出pdf为pdf1。pdf，原始pdf的名称。

#4

I found this excellent work recently (not attempting to claim it as my own)

我最近发现了这幅优秀的作品(并不是想声称它是我自己的)

https://jonkimanalyze.wordpress.com/2014/07/24/r-compile-png-files-into-pdf/

It's not quite what the OP was asking for, but the reason I like it is that I often have quite dense scatterplots and other plots that don't respond particularly well to window resizing etc. within a pdf. However I need to produce multi page output. So if the plots are data-dense I render them as .pngs and then use the above function to recombine at the end.

这并不是OP所要求的，但我喜欢它的原因是，我经常有非常密集的散点图和其他图，它们对窗口大小的响应不是特别好。但是我需要生成多页输出。因此，如果这些图是数据密集的，我将它们作为。pngs，然后使用上面的函数在最后重新组合。

merge.png.pdf <- function(pdfFile, pngFiles, deletePngFiles=FALSE) {

  pdf(pdfFile)

  n <- length(pngFiles)

  for( i in 1:n) {


    pngFile <- pngFiles[i]

    pngRaster <- readPNG(pngFile)

    grid.raster(pngRaster, width=unit(0.8, "npc"), height= unit(0.8, "npc"))

    if (i < n) plot.new()

  }

  dev.off()

  if (deletePngFiles) {

    unlink(pngFiles)
  }

}

#5

-2

pdf("myFile.pdf",onefile=T)

plot(1:10,10:1) #First plot (page 1)
plot(1:10,rep(5,10)) #Want this one on page 2

dev.off()

#1