Android 自定义Camera 随笔

时间：2021-11-29 13:50:44
 

一、权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" android:required="false" />     这个false， 可以防止不让没有摄像头的设备安装

<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus" />  

        <activity

            android:name="com.smarttpanorama.ui.CaptureActivity"

            android:label="@string/app_name"

            android:screenOrientation="landscape">  设置横屏

二、布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

    android:layout_height="fill_parent">

  <FrameLayout

	    android:id="@+id/FrameCaptureView"

	    android:layout_width="fill_parent"

	    android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>          这是用于放Camera的Frame框架

    <LinearLayout

        android:id="@+id/LinearCaptureLeft"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="match_parent"

        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

        android:background="@color/black"

        android:orientation="vertical">

        <LinearLayout

	        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

	        android:layout_height="fill_parent"

	        android:layout_weight="1.2">

	        <ImageView

	            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:layout_height="fill_parent"

	            android:background="@drawable/camera_top_left"/>

        </LinearLayout>

        <LinearLayout

	        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

	        android:layout_height="fill_parent"

	        android:layout_weight="0.3"

	        android:gravity="left">

            <ImageView

                android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

                android:layout_height="fill_parent"

                android:background="@drawable/camera_left_edge" />

	     </LinearLayout>

	      <LinearLayout

	        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

	        android:layout_height="fill_parent"

	        android:layout_weight="1.11"

	        android:gravity="center">

	          <Button

	              android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureLeft"

	              android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	              android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_h"

	              android:background="@drawable/btn_camera" />

         </LinearLayout>

    </LinearLayout>

    <LinearLayout

        android:id="@+id/LinearCaptureRight"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="match_parent"

        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

        android:background="@color/black"

        android:orientation="vertical"

        android:gravity="right">

           <LinearLayout

	        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

	        android:layout_height="fill_parent"

	        android:layout_weight="1.2">

	        <ImageView

	            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:layout_height="fill_parent"

	            android:background="@drawable/camera_top_right"/>

        </LinearLayout>

         <LinearLayout

	        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

	        android:layout_height="fill_parent"

	        android:layout_weight="0.3">

	        <ImageView

	            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:layout_height="fill_parent"

	            android:background="@drawable/camera_right_edge" />

	     </LinearLayout>

	      <LinearLayout

	        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

	        android:layout_height="fill_parent"

	        android:layout_weight="1.11"

	        android:gravity="center">

	         <Button

	            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureRight"

	            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:background="@drawable/btn_camera" />

         </LinearLayout>

    </LinearLayout>

<!--     <com.smarttpapers.shoot4video.customview.CameraPreview

        android:id="@+id/preview"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:layout_toRightOf="@id/LinearCaptureLeft"

        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/LinearCaptureRight"

        android:keepScreenOn="true" /> -->

    <!--

	    android:layout_toRightOf="@id/LinearCaptureLeft"

        android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/LinearCaptureRight"-->

      <ImageView

            android:id="@+id/IvCaptureLogo"

            android:layout_width="@dimen/logo_w"

            android:layout_height="@dimen/logo_h"

            android:layout_marginTop="5dip"

            android:layout_marginRight="@dimen/logo_margin_right"

            android:layout_alignParentTop="true"

            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

            android:background="@drawable/logo_smartteye" />

      <ImageView

          android:id="@+id/IvCaptureAngel"

            android:layout_width="@dimen/angel_w"

            android:layout_height="@dimen/angel_h"

            android:layout_marginTop="10dip"

            android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/angel_margin_left"

            android:background="@drawable/camera_angel" />

      <LinearLayout

	        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

	        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

	        android:gravity="center"

	        android:layout_marginLeft="@dimen/logo_margin_right"

	        android:layout_marginBottom="8dip"

	        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true">

	         <Button

	            android:id="@+id/BtnCapture180"

	            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"

	            android:background="@drawable/btn"

	            android:text="180°"

	            android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />

	         <Button

	            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureFile"

	            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"

	            android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"

	            android:background="@drawable/btn"

	            android:text="File"

	            android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />

         </LinearLayout>

         <LinearLayout

	        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

	        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

	        android:gravity="center"

	        android:layout_marginRight="@dimen/logo_margin_right"

	        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

	        android:layout_marginBottom="8dip"

	        android:layout_alignParentRight="true">

	         <Button

	            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureSave"

	            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"

	            android:background="@drawable/btn"

	            android:text="Save"

	            android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />

	         <Button

	            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureEdit"

	            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"

	            android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"

	            android:background="@drawable/btn"

	            android:text="Edit"

	            android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />

	         <Button

	            android:id="@+id/BtnCaptureMerge"

	            android:layout_width="@dimen/camera_h"

	            android:layout_height="@dimen/camera_btn_h"

	            android:layout_marginLeft="10dip"

	            android:background="@drawable/btn"

	            android:text="Merge"

	            android:textSize="@dimen/camera_text_size" />

         </LinearLayout>

</RelativeLayout>

三、创建CameraPriview类，继承自SurfaceView。

package com.smarttpanorama.view;

import java.io.IOException;

import android.content.Context;

import android.hardware.Camera;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.SurfaceHolder;

import android.view.SurfaceView;

public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implements SurfaceHolder.Callback{

	private SurfaceHolder mHolder;

	private Camera mCamera;

	@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")

	public CameraPreview(Context context,Camera camera) {

		super(context);

		mCamera = camera;

		 // Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the

        // underlying surface is created and destroyed.

		mHolder = getHolder();

		mHolder.addCallback(this);

		//deprecated setting,but required on Android versions prior to 3.0

		mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);

	}

	@Override

	public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,

			int height) {

		// If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here.

        // Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it.

        if (mHolder.getSurface() == null){

          // preview surface does not exist

          return;

        }

        // stop preview before making changes

        try {

            mCamera.stopPreview();

        } catch (Exception e){

          // ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview

        }

        // set preview size and make any resize, rotate or

        // reformatting changes here

        // start preview with new settings

        try {

            mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder);

            mCamera.startPreview();

        } catch (Exception e){

            Log.d("TAG", "Error starting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());

        }

    }

	@Override

	public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {

        if(null != mCamera)

		  {

			// The Surface has been created, now tell the camera where to draw the preview.

	            try {

                	mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//通过surfaceview显示取景画面

                } catch (IOException e) {

                    // TODO Auto-generated catch block

                    e.printStackTrace();

                }

	            mCamera.startPreview();

		  }

	}

	@Override

	public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {

		  if(null != mCamera)

		  {

			   mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null); //！！这个必须在前，不然退出出错

			   mCamera.stopPreview();

			   mCamera.release();

			   mCamera = null;

		  }

	}

}

注意：在OnDestroy里已经写过release()释放过程。在Activity的Onpause里就不要再写一遍了，否则会出现 method called  after release()错误

三、CaptureActivity.java

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileNotFoundException;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.util.Date;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.pm.PackageManager;

import android.graphics.PixelFormat;

import android.hardware.Camera;

import android.hardware.Camera.AutoFocusCallback;

import android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo;

import android.hardware.Camera.Parameters;

import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;

import android.net.Uri;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.os.Environment;

import android.util.Log;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.MenuItem;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.FrameLayout;

import android.widget.Toast;

import com.smarttpanorama.tools.Constant;

import com.smarttpanorama.view.CameraPreview;

import com.smarttpapers.smarttpanorama.R;

public class CaptureActivity extends Activity {

	public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;

//	public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO = 2;

    private Camera mCamera;

    private CameraPreview mPreview;

    private Button BtnCapureLeft;

    private Button BtnCapureRight;

    private static int picCount = 0;

    //将拍照结果存入文件

    private PictureCallback mPicture = new PictureCallback() {

	    @Override

	    public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {

	    	//得到文件名

	        File pictureFile = getOutputMediaFile(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE);

	        if (pictureFile == null){

	            Log.d("TAG", "Error creating media file, check storage permissions");

	            return;

	        }

	        //写入文件

	        try {

	            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile);

	            fos.write(data);

	            fos.close();

	        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

	            Log.d("TAG", "File not found: " + e.getMessage());

	        } catch (IOException e) {

	            Log.d("TAG", "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage());

	        }

	        //显示在上边

	    }

	};

	@SuppressLint("NewApi")

	@Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_capture);

        findViews();

        if(checkCameraHardware(this) == false){

        	Toast.makeText(this, "no camera on this device", Toast.LENGTH_LONG)

        		.show();

        }else{

	        // Create an instance of Camera

//	        mCamera = Constant.getCameraInstance(); //正常情况下这样调用。每种设备默认摄像头不同。但是现在默认要得到后置摄像头

	        //切换前后摄像头

            int cameraCount = 0;

            CameraInfo cameraInfo = new CameraInfo();

            cameraCount = Camera.getNumberOfCameras();//得到摄像头的个数

            Log.w("摄像头数量",cameraCount+"");

            for(int i = 0; i < cameraCount; i++) {

                Camera.getCameraInfo(i, cameraInfo);//得到每一个摄像头的信息

                //代表摄像头的方位，CAMERA_FACING_FRONT前置      CAMERA_FACING_BACK后置

                    if(cameraInfo.facing  == Camera.CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {

                    	 Log.w("摄像头","前置");

//                    	 mCamera.setPreviewCallback(null); //！！这个必须在前，不然退出出错

//                        mCamera.stopPreview();//停掉原来摄像头的预览

//                        mCamera.release();//释放资源

//                        mCamera = null;//取消原来摄像头

                          mCamera = Camera.open(i);//打开当前选中的摄像头

//                        try {

//                        	mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);//通过surfaceview显示取景画面

//                        } catch (IOException e) {

//                            // TODO Auto-generated catch block

//                            e.printStackTrace();

//                        }

//                        mCamera.startPreview();//开始预览

                        break;

                    }

            }

	        // Create our Preview view and set it as the content of our activity.

	        mPreview = new CameraPreview(this, mCamera);

//	        mPreview = new CameraPreview(this);

	        FrameLayout preview = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.FrameCaptureView);

	        preview.addView(mPreview);

	        SetListener();

        }

    }

	@Override

    public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

        // Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.

        getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.main, menu);

        return true;

    }

    @Override

    public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

        // Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will

        // automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long

        // as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.

        int id = item.getItemId();

        if (id == R.id.action_settings) {

            return true;

        }

        return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);

    }

    @Override

    protected void onPause() {

        super.onPause();

    }

	private void captureAndStartShowPic(){

		  if(null != mCamera)

		  {

			mCamera.autoFocus(new AutoFocusCallback() {//自动对焦

	            @Override

	            public void onAutoFocus(boolean success, Camera camera) {

	                if(success) {

//	                   	//设置参数，并拍照

//	                    Parameters params = camera.getParameters();

//	                    params.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);//图片格式

//	                    params.setPreviewSize(800, 480);//图片大小

//	                    camera.setParameters(params);//将参数设置到我的camera

	                    camera.takePicture(null, null, mPicture);//将拍摄到的照片给自定义的对象

	                }

	            }

	        });

			 // get an image from the camera

//	         mCamera.takePicture(null, null, mPicture);

//	        Intent intent = new Intent();

//	        intent.setClass(this, ShowPicActivity.class);

//	        startActivity(intent);

		  }

	}

    /** Check if this device has a camera */

    private boolean checkCameraHardware(Context context) {

        if (context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)){

            // this device has a camera

            return true;

        } else {

            // no camera on this device

            return false;

        }

    }

    /** Create a file Uri for saving an image or video */

    private static Uri getOutputMediaFileUri(int type){

          return Uri.fromFile(getOutputMediaFile(type));

    }

    /** Create a File for saving an image or video */

    private static File getOutputMediaFile(int type){

        // To be safe, you should check that the SDCard is mounted

        // using Environment.getExternalStorageState() before doing this.

        File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(

//        		Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM), "Camera");

                  Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "SmarttEye");

        // This location works best if you want the created images to be shared

        // between applications and persist after your app has been uninstalled.

        // Create the storage directory if it does not exist

        if (! mediaStorageDir.exists()){

            if (! mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()){

                Log.d("Camera", "failed to create directory");

                return null;

            }

        }

        // Create a media file name

        String timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());

        File mediaFile;

        if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE){

        	String FileName = mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator +

                    "IMG_"+ timeStamp + ".jpg";

        	if(picCount % 2 == 0){

        		Constant.FIRST_FILE_NAME = FileName;

        	}else{

        		Constant.SECOND_FILE_NAME = FileName;

        	}

            mediaFile = new File(FileName);

//        } else if(type == MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {

//            mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator +

//            "VID_"+ timeStamp + ".mp4");

        } else {

            return null;

        }

        return mediaFile;

    }

    private void SetListener() {

    	// Add a listener to the Capture button

		BtnCapureLeft.setOnClickListener(

    	    new View.OnClickListener() {

    	        @Override

    	        public void onClick(View v) {

    	        	picCount++;

    	        	captureAndStartShowPic();

    	        }

    	    }

    	);

		BtnCapureRight.setOnClickListener(

    	    new View.OnClickListener() {

    	        @Override

    	        public void onClick(View v) {

    	        	picCount++;

    	        	captureAndStartShowPic();

    	        }

    	    }

    	);

	}

    private void findViews() {

		BtnCapureLeft = (Button) findViewById(R.id.BtnCaptureLeft);

		BtnCapureRight = (Button) findViewById(R.id.BtnCaptureRight);

	}

}

在这个程序中。默认使用后置摄像头。所以注释掉了一部分代码。如果程序中需要手动切换摄像头。需要先release()掉之前的摄像头。再启动另一个。

前置后置摄像头的交换，要放在Activity里。否则在CameraPreview里切换了摄像头。之前的已经release掉了。Activity里再进行操作  就会报错（猜测）

四、保存的路径

         File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(

//        　　 	  Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM), "Camera");   这个路径 是系统拍照保存的路径。在根路经DCIM\Camera

                  Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES), "SmarttEye");   这个是获取系统图片存放的路径。在根目录的“pictures”处

注意有些程序，在自定义camera拍完后，显示在图库中有延迟

五、拍照  得到的data  在这里。取到ImageView里边的时候。可以使用data。但是很多文章里，写会很费内存

 private PictureCallback mPicture = new PictureCallback() {

	    @Override

	    public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {

	    //得到文件名

        File pictureFile = getOutputMediaFile(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE);

	        if (pictureFile == null){

	            Log.d("TAG", "Error creating media file, check storage permissions");

	            return;

	        }

	        //写入文件

        try {

	            FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile);

	            fos.write(data);

	            fos.close();

	        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {

	            Log.d("TAG", "File not found: " + e.getMessage());

	        } catch (IOException e) {

	            Log.d("TAG", "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage());

	        }

	        //显示在上边

    }

	};

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