使用AWK添加选项卡时出现问题

Sample Logs

Location        Number  Status  Comment
Delhi           919xxx  Processed       Test File 1
Mumbai          918xxx  Got Stucked     Test File 123

I'm trying to add one tab space after Status using AWK, but getting error.

我正在尝试使用AWK在Status之后添加一个选项卡空间,但是收到错误。

Sample Query

awk '{$3 = $3 "\t"; print}' z

Getting Output As

获得输出

Location Number Status   Comment
Delhi 919xxx Processed   Test File 1
Mumbai 918xxx **Got**        **Stucked** Test File 123

As it is taking 'Got Stucked' as multiple fields please suggest.

因为它将'Got Stucked'视为多个领域,请建议。

3 个解决方案

#1

If you only want one tab after the header text Status to make it look better, use sub to the first record only:

如果您只想在标题文本状态之后使用一个选项卡使其看起来更好,请仅使用sub到第一个记录:

$ awk 'NR==1 {sub(/Status/,"Status\t")} 1' file
Location        Number  Status              Comment
Delhi           919xxx  Processed           Test File 1
Mumbai          918xxx  Got Stucked         Test File 123

This way awk won't rebuild the record and replace FS with OFS etc.

这样awk就不会重建记录并用OFS等替换FS。

#2

@JamesBrown's answer sounds like what you asked for but also consider:

@ JamesBrown的答案听起来像你要求的但也考虑:

$ awk -F'  +' -v OFS='\t' '{$1=$1}1' file | column -s$'\t' -t
Location  Number  Status       Comment
Delhi     919xxx  Processed    Test File 1
Mumbai    918xxx  Got Stucked  Test File 123

The awk converts every sequence of 2+ spaces to a tab so the result is a tab-separated stream which column can then convert to a visually aligned table if that's your ultimate goal. Or you could generate a CSV to read into Excel or similar:

awk将2+空格的每个序列转换为制表符,因此结果是制表符分隔的流,如果这是您的最终目标,则该列可以转换为可视对齐的表。或者您可以生成CSV以读入Excel或类似内容:

$ awk -F'  +' -v OFS=',' '{$1=$1}1' file
Location,Number,Status,Comment
Delhi,919xxx,Processed,Test File 1
Mumbai,918xxx,Got Stucked,Test File 123

$ awk -F'  +' -v OFS=',' '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) $i="\""$i"\""}1' file
"Location","Number","Status","Comment"
"Delhi","919xxx","Processed","Test File 1"
"Mumbai","918xxx","Got Stucked","Test File 123"

or more robustly:

或更强大:

$ awk -F'  +' -v OFS=',' '{$1=$1; for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) { gsub(/"/,"\"\"",$i); if ($i~/[[:space:],"]/) $i="\""$i"\"" } }1' file
Location,Number,Status,Comment
Delhi,919xxx,Processed,"Test File 1"
Mumbai,918xxx,"Got Stucked","Test File 123"

If your input fields aren't always separated by at least 2 blank chars then tell us how they are separated.

如果您的输入字段并不总是至少用2个空白字符分隔,那么请告诉我们它们是如何分开的。

#3

Try using

awk -F'  ' '{$3 = $3 "\t"; print}' z

The problem is that awk consider (by default) a single space as the separator between two column. This means that Got Stucked are actually two different columns.

问题是awk考虑(默认情况下)单个空格作为两列之间的分隔符。这意味着Got Stucked实际上是两个不同的列。

With -F' ' you tell awk to use a double space as the separator to distinguish between two columns.

使用-F''告诉awk使用双空格作为分隔符来区分两列。

#1