基于Django框架对MongoDB实现增删改查

在上一篇中，咱们已经实现了Scrapy框架爬取数据，并且存储到Mongodb数据库，
接下来呢，，，，，，，，，，，，，
咱们就要对这些数据进行操作。

目标：从Mongodb数据库取出数据，通过Django框架展示到web页面，实现展示、分页、添加、修改、删除的功能

1. 准备工作

创建django项目
点击：file–>new project，出现下面的对话框。
基于Django框架对MongoDB实现增删改查
选择Django栏目，输入项目名称，选择python解释器版本，点击create创建。

创建APP
在pycharm下方的terminal终端中输入命令：

　　python manage.py startapp cmdb

这样就创建了一个叫做cmdb的APP，django自动生成“cmdb”文件夹。

具体详见django新手教程

2. 连接mongodb数据库（cmdb/models.py）



from django.db import models

from mongoengine import *

# Create your models here.

# 指明要连接的数据库

connect('Complaint',host = '127.0.0.1',port = 27017)

class invitation(Document):

    # 定义数据库中的所有字段

    number = StringField()

    title = StringField()

    content = StringField()

    url = StringField()

    # 指明连接的数据表名

    meta = {'collection':'invitation'}

# 测试是否连接成功

# for i in invitation.objects[:10]:

#     print(i.title)

3. 配置相关设置（ComplaintDjango/settings.py）



"""

Django settings for ComplaintDjango project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 2.0.5.

For more information on this file, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/

"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production

# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!

SECRET_KEY = '4c-=!&(4kx9xhrz=e1%((vx#!*v%2pbot$2sss7k6*c$yw@t*e'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!

DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [

    'django.contrib.admin',

    'django.contrib.auth',

    'django.contrib.contenttypes',

    'django.contrib.sessions',

    'django.contrib.messages',

    'django.contrib.staticfiles',

]

MIDDLEWARE = [

    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',

    # csrf跨站请求保护机制，暂时先关闭，或者在form表单里添加一个`{% csrf_token %}`标签。

    #'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',

    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',

    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',

]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'ComplaintDjango.urls'

TEMPLATES = [

    {

        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

        # 配置html

        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]

        ,

        'APP_DIRS': True,

        'OPTIONS': {

            'context_processors': [

                'django.template.context_processors.debug',

                'django.template.context_processors.request',

                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

            ],

        },

    },

]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'ComplaintDjango.wsgi.application'

# Database

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': None,

    }

}

# 连接mongodb数据库

from mongoengine import connect

connect('Complaint')

# Password validation

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',

    },

    {

        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',

    },

]

# Internationalization

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)

# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.0/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# 配置静态文件

STATICFILES_DIRS = (

    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'static'),

)

4. 路由（ComplaintDjango/urls.py）

路由都在urls文件里，它将浏览器输入的path映射到相应的业务处理逻辑。

简单编写方法如下：



from django.contrib import admin

from django.urls import path

# 导入对应 app 的 views 文件

from cmdb import views

urlpatterns = [

    # 首页，展示页面

    path('index/',views.index),

    # 跳转到添加页面

    path('toAdd/',views.toAdd),

    # 添加到数据库

    path('addInvitation/',views.addInvitation),

    # 跳转到修改页面，进行数据回显

    path('toUpdate/',views.toUpdate),

    # 修改数据

    path('updateInvitation/',views.updateInvitation),

    # 删除数据

    path('delete/',views.delete)

]

5.业务处理逻辑（cmdb/views.py）

业务处理逻辑都在views.py文件里。



from django.shortcuts import render

from cmdb.models import invitation

from django.core.paginator import Paginator # 分页

from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect

# Create your views here.

# 展示、分页

def index(request):

    # 限制每一页显示的条目数量

    limit = 10

    # 查询所有的数据

    article = invitation.objects

    paginator = Paginator(article,limit)

    # 从url中获取页码参数

    page_num = request.GET.get('page',1)

    loaded = paginator.page(page_num)

    context = {

        'invitation':loaded

    }

    return render(request,"index.html",context)

# 进入添加页面

def toAdd(request):

    return render(request,"add.html")

# 添加

def addInvitation(request):

    if request.method == 'POST':

        number = request.POST.get("number",None)

        title = request.POST.get("title",None)

        content = request.POST.get("content",None)

        url = request.POST.get("url",None)

        tit = "提问：" + str(title) + "  编号：" + str(number)

        # 添加到数据库

        invi = invitation(number = number,title = tit,content = content,url = url)

        invi.save()

    return HttpResponseRedirect('/index/')

# 回显

def toUpdate(request):

    if request.method == 'GET':

        number = request.GET.get("number",None)

        # 根据条件查询数据

    invi = invitation.objects.filter(number=number)

    context = {

        'invitation':invi

    }

    return render(request,"update.html",context)

# 修改

def updateInvitation(request):

    if request.method == 'POST':

        number = request.POST.get("number", None)

        title = request.POST.get("title", None)

        content = request.POST.get("content", None)

        url = request.POST.get("url", None)

        # 根据条件修改数据

        invi = invitation.objects.filter(number=number).update(title=title,content=content,url=url)

    return HttpResponseRedirect('/index/')

# 删除

def delete(requeset):

    if requeset.method == 'GET':

        number = requeset.GET.get("number",None)

    # 删除数据

    invi = invitation.objects.filter(number=number).delete()

    return HttpResponseRedirect('/index/')

6.Html页面

首页（templates/index.html）

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>首页</title>

</head>

<script type="text/javascript" src="static/js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../static/css/index_work.css">

<body>

    <a href="/toAdd/">添加</a>

    <table>

        <thead>

            <th>编号</th>

            <th>标题</th>

            <th>内容</th>

            <th>链接</th>

            <th>操作</th>

        </thead>

        <tbody>

            {% for item in invitation %}

                <tr>

                    <td>{{ item.number }}</td>

                    <td>{{ item.title }}</td>

                    <td>{{ item.content }}</td>

                    <td><a>{{ item.url }}</a></td>

                    <td>

                        <a href="/toUpdate/?number={{ item.number }}"><input type="button" value="修改"></a>

                        <a href="/delete/?number={{ item.number }}"><input type="button" value="删除"></a>

                    </td>

                </tr>

            {% endfor %}

            <tr>

                <th colspan="6">

                    {% if invitation.has_previous %}

                    <a href="?page={{ invitation.previous_page_number }}"><input type="button" value="上一页"></a>

                    {% endif %}

                    <span>{{ invitation.number }} of {{ invitation.paginator.num_pages }}</span>

                    {% if invitation.has_next %}

                        <a href="?page={{ invitation.next_page_number }}"><input type="button" value="下一页"></a>

                    {% endif %}

                </th>

            </tr>

        </tbody>

    </table>

</body>

</html>

基于Django框架对MongoDB实现增删改查
添加页面（templates/add.html）



<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>添加帖子</title>

</head>

<script type="text/javascript" src="static/js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../static/css/index_work.css">

<body>

    <form action="/addInvitation/" method="post">

        编号：<input type="text" name="number" style="width: 500px"><br>

        标题：<input type="text" name="title" style="width: 500px"><br>

        内容：<br><textarea name="content" style="width: 550px;height: 200px"></textarea><br>

        链接：<input type="text" name="url" style="width: 500px"><br>

        <input type="submit" value="发布">

    </form>

</body>

</html>

基于Django框架对MongoDB实现增删改查
修改页面（templates/update.html）



<!DOCTYPE html>

<html lang="en">

<head>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">

    <title>修改</title>

</head>

<script type="text/javascript" src="static/js/jquery-1.8.2.min.js"></script>

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../static/css/index_work.css">

<body>

    <form action="/updateInvitation/" method="post">

        {% for i in invitation %}

            编号：<input type="text" name="number" value="{{ i.number }}" style="width: 500px" readonly="true"><br>

            标题：<input type="text" name="title" value="{{ i.title }} " style="width: 500px"><br>

            内容：<br><textarea name="content" style="width: 550px;height: 200px">{{ i.content }}</textarea><br>

            链接：<input type="text" name="url" value="{{ i.url }}" style="width: 500px"><br>

            <input type="submit" value="确认修改">

        {% endfor %}

    </form>

</body>

</html>

基于Django框架对MongoDB实现增删改查

注意：修改是先回显后改的过程，回显时，对 number 设置为 readonly = “true”，千万不要设置为 disabled = “true” ，最重要的一点原因：当表单提交时，这个表单输入项将不会被提交。

https://www.cnblogs.com/wuzaipei/p/9966190.html

秒客网

基于Django框架对MongoDB实现增删改查

1. 准备工作

2. 连接mongodb数据库（cmdb/models.py）

3. 配置相关设置（ComplaintDjango/settings.py）

4. 路由（ComplaintDjango/urls.py）

5.业务处理逻辑（cmdb/views.py）

6.Html页面

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