c++:获得一个临时文件，跨平台。

I'm looking for a cross-platform way of getting designated a temporary file. For example in linux that would be in the /tmp dir and in Windows in some crappy named Internet Explorer temp dir.

我正在寻找一个跨平台的方法来指定一个临时文件。例如，在linux中，会出现在/tmp目录中，或者在一些名为Internet Explorer temp dir的糟糕的Windows中。

Does a cross-platform (Boost?) solution to this exist?

是否存在跨平台(Boost?)解决方案?

EDIT:

编辑:

I need this file to exist until the program terminates. tmpfile() does not guarantee that. Quoting from ccpreference:

我需要这个文件存在，直到程序终止。tmpfile()不能保证。从ccpreference引用:

The temporary file created is automatically deleted when the stream is closed (fclose) or when the program terminates normally.

当流关闭(fclose)或程序正常终止时，将自动删除创建的临时文件。

6 个解决方案

#1

The Boost Filesystem library, from version 3 of that library, can be used to create a temporary file name. It also offers a crisp solution. Indeed, the following C++ code should be platform independent:

Boost文件系统库(来自该库的第3版)可用于创建临时文件名。它也提供了一个清晰的解决方案。实际上，以下c++代码应该是平台无关的:

// Boost.Filesystem VERSION 3 required
#include <string>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
boost::filesystem::path temp = boost::filesystem::unique_path();
const std::string tempstr    = temp.native();  // optional

The filesystem path object temp can be used to open a file or create a subdirectory, while the string object tempstr offers the same information as a string. See http://www.boost.org for more details.

文件系统路径对象temp可用于打开文件或创建子目录，而字符串对象tempstr提供与字符串相同的信息。详情请参见http://www.boost.org。

#2

If you use Qt: QTemporaryFile class is perfect.

如果您使用Qt: QTemporaryFile类是完美的。

#3

The standard C library contains a function called tmpfile, it probably does what you need: http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/clibrary/cstdio/tmpfile/

标准C库包含一个名为tmpfile的函数，它可能执行您需要的操作:http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/clibrary/cstdio/tmpfile/

You can use it in C++ programs as well.

您也可以在c++程序中使用它。

EDIT:
If you need only file name, you can use tmpnam, it doesn't delete the file when fclose is called. It returns full file path, including the temp directory.

编辑:如果只需要文件名，可以使用tmpnam，调用fclose时不会删除文件。它返回完整的文件路径，包括临时目录。

The C way:

const char *name = tmpnam(NULL);  // Get temp name
FILE *fp = fopen(name, "w");  // Create the file
// ...
fclose(fp);
remove(name);

#4

You can use the C Standard Library function tmpfile.

您可以使用C标准库函数tmpfile。

#5

Edit: Espeically since you seem to like the idea of Boost, Robbie Morrison's answer is probably better for you.

编辑:尤其是你似乎喜欢Boost这个主意，Robbie Morrison的回答可能对你更有好处。

My original answer remains below, but anyone reading this: please beware that tmpnam is unsafe. Further, some platforms (such as Windows) may have broken, buggy, braindead, or even missing implementations.

我最初的答案仍然在下面，但是任何读到这篇文章的人:请注意tmpnam是不安全的。此外，一些平台(比如Windows)可能已经崩溃、bug、脑死亡，甚至还没有实现。

How about tmpnam, if you don't like tmpfile?

如果你不喜欢tmpfile, tmpnam怎么样?

From the link:

从链接:

The file created this way, unlike those created with tmpfile is not automatically deleted when closed; You should call remove to delete this file once closed.

以这种方式创建的文件与使用tmpfile创建的文件不同，在关闭时不会自动删除;您应该调用remove删除该文件。

Especially if you need another program to know the name of the file, this seems more appropriate, since tmpfile doesn't give you a name at all.

特别是如果您需要另一个程序来知道文件的名称，这似乎更合适，因为tmpfile根本没有给您一个名称。

I believe it is not as secure though, if that's a concern. Here is a link describing some of those issues.

我认为，如果这是一种担忧，那就没有那么安全了。这里有一个链接描述其中的一些问题。

#6

There are much better ways to communicate between programs than random temporary files. Could you use a pipe for the communication instead? What about using a localhost socket?

与随机的临时文件相比，程序之间有更好的通信方式。你可以用管道来代替通信吗?使用本地主机套接字怎么样?

If you insist on using files, just have your program use a name, possibly based on startup time.

如果您坚持使用文件，请您的程序使用一个名称，可能基于启动时间。

#1