如何在没有X11的服务器上运行R，并避免依赖关系被破坏

I'm running R 2.9 on a large EC2 Ubuntu instance, loaded with RAM, but without a terminal. When I load a library that has display dependencies, such as the sqldf package, I receive the following error:

我正在一个大型的EC2 Ubuntu实例上运行r2.9，它装载了RAM，但是没有终端。当我加载具有显示依赖项的库(如sqldf包)时，我将收到以下错误:

library(sqldf)
...
Loading required package: tcltk
Loading Tcl/Tk interface ... Error in fun(...) : couldn't connect to display "localhost:11.0"
Error : .onLoad failed in 'loadNamespace' for 'tcltk'
Error: package 'tcltk' could not be loaded

This seems to be a general problem, and I'm wondering how others have solved it. Installing an X11 server is not a desirable solution.

这似乎是一个普遍的问题，我想知道其他人是怎么解决的。安装X11服务器不是理想的解决方案。

2 个解决方案

#1

Use the virtual framebuffer X11 server -- we do the same to build packages requiring X11 for R builds in headless chroots. Taking e.g. pars of the Build-Depends from rggobi:

使用虚拟的framebuffer X11服务器——我们同样构建需要X11的包，以便在无头的chroot中构建R。例如，建筑物的部分-依赖于rggobi:

xvfb xauth xfonts-base

xvfb xauth xfonts-base

After installing these you can use the xvfb-run command. If you start R via e.g.

在安装这些文件之后，您可以使用xvfb-run命令。如果你从R开始。

xvfb-run R --no-save

you should now be able to use routines and commands requiring X11 as e.g. some of the plotting devices, or the tcl/tk initialization which also insists on having X11.

您现在应该能够使用需要X11的例程和命令，例如一些绘图设备，或者tcl/tk初始化，它也坚持使用X11。

The same trick is useful for web servers.

同样的技巧对web服务器也很有用。

#2

Dirk's suggestion indeed works well, if you have control over the server & can run xvfb. If not, read on...

如果你控制了服务器，并且可以运行xvfb，那么德克的建议确实有效。如果不是,请继续阅读…

in newer versions of R (>= 2.10 & maybe earlier), this is no longer an error, it's a warning:

在更新版本的R(>= 2.10或更早版本)中，这不再是一个错误，而是一个警告:

> library(tcltk)
Loading Tcl/Tk interface ... done
Warning message:
In fun(libname, pkgname) : no DISPLAY variable so Tk is not available

You can now suppress this warning, and the subsequent package loading message via:

您现在可以抑制此警告，并通过以下方式加载消息:

> suppressPackageStartupMessages(suppressWarnings(library(tcltk)))

Often you will see this message due to loading a package like qvalue which depends on tcltk; if you're after silent operation, you should silently load tcltk first, then the package of interest:

由于加载依赖于tcltk的qvalue这样的包，您经常会看到这条消息;如果您是在静音操作之后，您应该先静音加载tcltk，然后是感兴趣的包:

> suppressPackageStartupMessages(suppressWarnings(library(tcltk)))
> library(qvalue)

Mark

马克

resurrected due to: http://dev.list.galaxyproject.org/wrapping-qvalue-in-Galaxy-td4655164.html

由于复活:http://dev.list.galaxyproject.org/wrapping-qvalue-in-Galaxy-td4655164.html

#1