Apache安装包中自带的压力测试工具 Apache Benchmark(简称ab) 简单易用，这里就采用 ab作为压力测试工具了。
1.独立安装
通过 yum-utils中的yumdownload 工具下载安装包解开后就能得到独立的 ab可执行文件了。yum install yum-utils.noarch yumdownloader httpd-tools.x86_64rpm2cpio httpd-*.rpm | cpio -idmv2.参数详解
摘自： http://www.path8.net/tn/archives/5574-n requests Number of requests to perform//在测试会话中所执行的请求个数。默认时，仅执行一个请求-c concurrency Number of multiple requests to make//一次产生的请求个数。默认是一次一个。-t timelimit Seconds to max. wait for responses//测试所进行的最大秒数。其内部隐含值是 -n 50000。它可以使对服务器的测试限制在一个固定的总时间以内。默认时，没有时间限制。-p postfile File containing data to POST//包含了需要POST 的数据的文件 .-T content-type Content-type header for POSTing//POST数据所使用的Content-type头信息。-v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print//设置显示信息的详细程度 - 4或更大值会显示头信息， 3或更大值可以显示响应代码 (404, 200等), 2或更大值可以显示警告和其他信息。 -V 显示版本号并退出。-w Print out results in HTML tables//以HTML 表的格式输出结果。默认时，它是白色背景的两列宽度的一张表。-i Use HEAD instead of GET// 执行HEAD 请求，而不是 GET。-x attributes String to insert as table attributes//-y attributes String to insert as tr attributes//-z attributes String to insert as td or th attributes//-C attribute Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234. (repeatable)//-C cookie-name=value 对请求附加一个 Cookie:行。 其典型形式是 name=value的一个参数对。此参数可以重复。-H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)-A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributesare a colon separated username and password.-P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributesare a colon separated username and password.//-P proxy-auth-username:password 对一个中转代理提供 BASIC认证信任。用户名和密码由一个 :隔开，并以base64 编码形式发送。无论服务器是否需要 (即, 是否发送了 401认证需求代码)，此字符串都会被发送。-X proxy:port Proxyserver and port number to use-V Print version number and exit-k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature-d Do not show percentiles served table.-S Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.-g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file.-e filename Output CSV file with percentages served-h Display usage information (this message)//-attributes 设置 属性的字符串 . 缺陷程序中有各种静态声明的固定长度的缓冲区。另外，对命令行参数、服务器的响应头和其他外部输入的解析也很简单，这可能会有不良后果。它没有完整地实现 HTTP/1.x; 仅接受某些' 预想'的响应格式。 strstr(3)的频繁使用可能会带来性能问题，即 , 你可能是在测试ab而不是服务器的性能。3.输出解读
下面随便测试一个网页地址，来看下 ab输出的各项指标的含义。===============================================================================[root@server23 bin]# ./ab -n 100 -c 5 http://test.comThis is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 655654 $>Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/
Benchmarking test.com (be patient).....done
Server Software: nginxServer Hostname: test.comServer Port: 80
Document Path: /Document Length: 0 bytes
Concurrency Level: 5Time taken for tests: 1.559 secondsComplete requests: 100Failed requests: 0Write errors: 0Non-2xx responses: 100Total transferred: 21500 bytesHTML transferred: 0 bytesRequests per second: 64.15 [#/sec] (mean)Time per request: 77.936 [ms] (mean)Time per request: 15.587 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)Transfer rate: 13.47 [Kbytes/sec] received
Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median maxConnect: 36 37 0.7 37 39Processing: 37 41 4.6 40 59Waiting: 37 41 4.6 39 59Total: 73 78 4.5 77 96
Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 77 66% 78 75% 79 80% 79 90% 81 95% 95 98% 95 99% 96 100% 96 (longest request)
===============================================================================上面测试时用 -c参数指定并发连接数为5，下面是关键指标含义的解释：
Time per request: 77.936 [ms] (mean) 每批请求处理完成的平均时间 Time per request: 15.587 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) 每个请求处理完成的平均时间 =每批完成时间77.936除以并发数 5
Requests per second: 64.15 [#/sec] (mean)每秒能处理的的请求数 =1000ms除以15.587