Androidclient和server端数据交互的第一种方法

时间：2020-12-14 09:19:17

网上有非常多样例来演示Android客户端和server端数据怎样实现交互只是这些样例大多比較繁杂，对于刚開始学习的人来说这是不利的。如今介绍几种代码简单、逻辑清晰的交互样例，本篇博客介绍第一种：

一、server端：

代码1：加入名为“AndroidServerServlet.java”的文件

package com.ghj.packageofservlet;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class AndroidServerServlet extends HttpServlet {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 6792396567928634227L;

	public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws ServletException, IOException {

		response.setContentType("text/plain; charset=UTF-8");

		request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");

		System.err.println(request.getParameter("clientData"));

		PrintWriter printWriter = response.getWriter();

		printWriter.print("您好Android客户端！");

		printWriter.flush();

		printWriter.close();

	}

}

代码2：改动名为“web.xml”的文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee

	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">

	<servlet>

		<servlet-name>AndroidServerServlet</servlet-name>

		<servlet-class>com.ghj.packageofservlet.AndroidServerServlet</servlet-class>

	</servlet>

	<servlet-mapping>

		<servlet-name>AndroidServerServlet</servlet-name>

		<url-pattern>/AndroidServerServlet</url-pattern>

	</servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

二、Android手机客户端：

代码1：加入名为“AndroidClientActivity.java”的文件

package com.example.androidclient;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;

import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.os.StrictMode;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.View.OnClickListener;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.Toast;

public class AndroidClientActivity extends Activity {

	@Override

	protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

		super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

		setContentView(R.layout.android_client);

		if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > 9) {

		    StrictMode.ThreadPolicy policy = new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder().permitAll().build();

		    StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(policy);

		}

		Button sendButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send_button);

		sendButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){

			@Override

			public void onClick(View v) {

				HttpPost httpRequest = new HttpPost("http://172.16.99.207:8080/AndroidServer/AndroidServerServlet");

	    		List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

	    		params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("clientData", "您好server端！"));

	    		try {

	    			httpRequest.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8));//设置请求參数项

	                HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();

	                HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpRequest);//运行请求返回响应

	                if(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200){//推断是否请求成功

	                	Toast.makeText(AndroidClientActivity.this, EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity()), Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

	                }else{

	                	Toast.makeText(AndroidClientActivity.this, "没有获取到Androidserver端的响应！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

	                }

	            } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {

	            	e.printStackTrace();

	    		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {

	    			e.printStackTrace();

	    		} catch (IOException e) {

	    			e.printStackTrace();

	    		}

			}

		});

	}

}

注意：请注意“AndroidClientActivity.java”文件里34、35、36和37这4行代码——假设没有这几行代码，则会出现android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException异常，关于该异常请參见还有一篇名为《android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException异常》博客

代码2：加入名为“android_client.xml”的文件

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    tools:context=".MainActivity" >

   <Button

       android:id="@+id/send_button"

       android:layout_width="wrap_content"

       android:layout_height="wrap_content"

       android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"

       android:layout_centerVertical="true"

       android:text="@string/hello_server" />

</RelativeLayout>

【0分下载该Demo】

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