使用 CXF 做 webservice 简单例子

时间:2022-05-22 11:23:14

Apache CXF 是一个开放源代码框架,提供了用于方便地构建和开发 Web 服务的可靠基础架构。它允许创建高性能和可扩展的服务,您可以将这样的服务部署在 Tomcat 和基于 Spring 的轻量级容器中,以及部署在更高级的服务器上,例如 Jboss、IBM® WebSphere® 或 BEA WebLogic。

该框架提供了以下功能:

  • Web 服务标准支持:CXF 支持以下 Web 服务标准:
    • Java API for XML Web Services (JAX-WS)
    • SOAP
    • Web 服务描述语言(Web Services Description Language ,WSDL)
    • 消息传输优化机制(Message Transmission Optimization Mechanism,MTOM)
    • WS-Basic Profile
    • WS-Addressing
    • WS-Policy
    • WS-ReliableMessaging
    • WS-Security
  • 前端建模:CXF 提供了前端建模的概念,允许您使用不同的前端 API 来创建 Web 服务。API 允许您使用简单的工厂 Bean 并通过 JAX-WAS 实现来创建 Web 服务。它还允许您创建动态 Web 服务客户端。
  • 工具支持:CXF 提供了用于在 Java Bean、Web 服务和 WSDL 之间进行转换的不同工具。它提供了对 Maven 和 Ant 集成的支持,并无缝地支持 Spring 集成。
  • RESTful 服务支持:CXF 支持代表性状态传输(Representational State Transfer,RESTful )服务的概念,并支持 Java 平台的 JAX-RS 实现。(本系列的第 2 部分将提供有关 RESTful 服务的更多信息。)
  • 对不同传输和绑定的支持:CXF 支持不同种类的传输,从 XML 到逗号分隔值 (CSV)。除了支持 SOAP 和 HTTP 协议绑定之外,它还支持 Java Architecture for XML Binding (JAXB) 和 AEGIS 数据绑定。
  • 对非 XML 绑定的支持:CXF 支持非 XML 绑定,例如 JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) 和 Common Object Request Broker Architecture (CORBA)。它还支持 Java 业务集成(Java Business Integration,JBI)体系架构和服务组件体系架构(Service Component Architecture,SCA)。
  • code first 或者 xml first  : 支持使用code first 或者 xml first 的方式来创建web服务。

一  借助 annotation 创建独立启动的web 服务。

准备: 新建工程 导入需要的jar 包:

依赖的包:

commons-logging-1.1.jar                             geronimo-activation_1.1_spec-1.0-M1.jar (or Sun's Activation jar)                             geronimo-annotation_1.0_spec-1.1.jar (JSR 250)                             geronimo-javamail_1.4_spec-1.0-M1.jar (or Sun's JavaMail jar)                             geronimo-servlet_2.5_spec-1.1-M1.jar (or Sun's Servlet jar)                             geronimo-ws-metadata_2.0_spec-1.1.1.jar (JSR 181)                             jaxb-api-2.1.jar                             jaxb-impl-2.1.6.jar                             jaxws-api-2.1.jar                             jetty-6.1.5.jar                             jetty-util-6.1.5.jar                             neethi-2.0.jar                             saaj-api-1.3.jar                             saaj-impl-1.3.jar                             stax-api-1.0.1.jar                             wsdl4j-1.6.1.jar                             wstx-asl-3.2.1.jar                             XmlSchema-1.2.jar                             xml-resolver-1.2.jar

spring jar 包, 用来支持xml配置:

aopalliance-1.0.jar                             spring-core-2.0.4.jar                             spring-beans-2.0.4.jar                             spring-context-2.0.4.jar                             spring-web-2.0.4.jar

CXF jar包:

cxf-2.1.jar

以上jar 包 可从apache官方网站下载 apache-cxf-2.1.2.zip, 然后从apache-cxf-2.1.2/lib 目录中获得

1  首先服务点接口。

package com.demo;

          import java.util.List;

          import javax.jws.WebParam;           import javax.jws.WebService;          

          @WebService           public interface HelloWorld {                String sayHi(@WebParam(name="text")String text);                String sayHiToUser(User user);                String[] SayHiToUserList(List<User> userList);            }

2  编写服务实现

package com.demo;

         import java.util.LinkedHashMap;          import java.util.List;          import java.util.Map;

         import javax.jws.WebService;

         @WebService(endpointInterface="com.demo.HelloWorld",serviceName="HelloWorld")          public class HelloWorldImpl implements HelloWorld {                     Map<Integer, User> users = new LinkedHashMap<Integer, User>();

                    public String sayHi(String text) {                                 return "Hello " + text;                    }

                   public String sayHiToUser(User user) {                              users.put(users.size()+1, user);                              return "Hello "+ user.getName();                    }

                   public String[] SayHiToUserList(List<User> userList) {                              String[] result = new String[userList.size()];                              int i=0;                              for(User u:userList){                                   result[i] = "Hello " + u.getName();                                   i++;                              }                      return result;                    }        }

3  编写 webServiceApp.java类来暴露 web服务。

      package com.demo;

      import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;

      public class webServiceApp {                  public static void main(String[] args) {                            System.out.println("web service start");                            HelloWorldImpl implementor= new HelloWorldImpl();                            String address="http://localhost:8080/helloWorld";                            Endpoint.publish(address, implementor);                            System.out.println("web service started");                   }       }

4  run webServiceApp.java 类来启动服务。 访问 http://localhost:8080/helloWorld?wsdl  查看是否显示

wsdl。

5  编写客户端访问服务。

     package com.demo;

     import java.util.ArrayList;      import java.util.List;

     import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean;      import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

     public class HelloWorldClient {               public static void main(String[] args) {                         JaxWsProxyFactoryBean svr = new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();                         svr.setServiceClass(HelloWorld.class);                         svr.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/helloWorld");                         HelloWorld hw = (HelloWorld) svr.create();                         User user = new User();                         user.setName("Tony");                         user.setDescription("test");                         System.out.println(hw.sayHiToUser(user));               }      }

6  测试: run webServiceApp.java 类来启动服务,然后 run HelloWorldClient.java 来访问服务。

二 集成到spring 中。

1 在 web.xml 中加入 :

       <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>        <web-app>                 <welcome-file-list>                          <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>                 </welcome-file-list>

                <context-param>                           <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>                           <param-value>WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml</param-value>                  </context-param>               <listener>                       <listener-class>                               org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener                       </listener-class>               </listener>

              <servlet>                      <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>                      <display-name>CXFServlet</display-name>                      <servlet-class>                             org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet                      </servlet-class>                      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>                </servlet>

               <servlet-mapping>                       <servlet-name>CXFServlet</servlet-name>                       <url-pattern>/webservice/*</url-pattern>                </servlet-mapping>          </web-app>

2  在 applicationContext.xml 中加入:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>     <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"                  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"                  xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"                  xsi:schemaLocation="                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

                       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd                        http://cxf.apache.org/jaxwshttp://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd">                 <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf.xml"/>                 <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-extension-soap.xml"/>                 <import resource="classpath:META-INF/cxf/cxf-servlet.xml"/>                  <jaxws:endpoint                               id="helloWorld"                               implementor="com.demo.HelloWorldImpl"                               address="/helloWorld" />                    <bean id="client" class="com.demo.HelloWorld"                            factory-bean="clientFactory" factory-method="create"/>                      <bean id="clientFactory" class="org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean">                             <property name="serviceClass" value="com.demo.HelloWorld"/>                             <property name="address"

                                              value="http://localhost:8080/s/webservice/helloWorld"/>                   </bean>      </beans>

注意: 这里需要加入  xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"  

http://cxf.apache.org/jaxwshttp://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd

3  修改客户端。

package com.demo;

     import java.util.ArrayList;      import java.util.List;

     import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean;      import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

     public class HelloWorldClient {               public static void main(String[] args) {                         HelloWorld client = (HelloWorld)context.getBean("client");                         User user1 = new User();                         user1.setName("Tony");                         user1.setDescription("test");                         User user2 = new User();                         user2.setName("freeman");                         user2.setDescription("test");                         List<User> userList= new ArrayList<User>();                         userList.add(user1);                         userList.add(user2);                         String[] res = client.SayHiToUserList(userList);                         System.out.println(res[0]);                         System.out.println(res[1]);         

              }      }

4  发布工程 启动web服务器(我用 tomcat 6)。

5 访问 http://localhost:8080/s/webservice/helloWorld?wsdl  查看是否显示 wsdl 。

6  run run HelloWorldClient.java 来访问服务。