spring boot RestTemplate 发送get请求踩坑
闲话少说,代码说话
RestTemplate 实例
手动实例化,这个我基本不用
1
|
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
|
依赖注入,通常情况下我使用 java.net 包下的类构建的 SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
|
@Configuration
public class RestConfiguration {
@Bean
@ConditionalOnMissingBean ({RestOperations. class , RestTemplate. class })
public RestOperations restOperations() {
SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory requestFactory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
requestFactory.setReadTimeout( 5000 );
requestFactory.setConnectTimeout( 5000 );
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(requestFactory);
// 使用 utf-8 编码集的 conver 替换默认的 conver(默认的 string conver 的编码集为 "ISO-8859-1")
List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> messageConverters = restTemplate.getMessageConverters();
Iterator<HttpMessageConverter<?>> iterator = messageConverters.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
HttpMessageConverter<?> converter = iterator.next();
if (converter instanceof StringHttpMessageConverter) {
iterator.remove();
}
}
messageConverters.add( new StringHttpMessageConverter(Charset.forName( "UTF-8" )));
return restTemplate;
}
}
|
请求地址
get 请求 url 为
1
|
http: //localhost:8080/test/sendSms?phone=手机号&msg=短信内容
|
错误使用
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
@Autowired
private RestOperations restOperations;
public void test() throws Exception{
String url = "http://localhost:8080/test/sendSms" ;
Map<String, Object> uriVariables = new HashMap<String, Object>();
uriVariables.put( "phone" , "151xxxxxxxx" );
uriVariables.put( "msg" , "测试短信内容" );
String result = restOperations.getForObject(url, String. class , uriVariables);
}
|
服务器接收的时候你会发现,接收的该请求时没有参数的
正确使用
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
@Autowired
private RestOperations restOperations;
public void test() throws Exception{
String url = "http://localhost:8080/test/sendSms?phone={phone}&msg={phone}" ;
Map<String, Object> uriVariables = new HashMap<String, Object>();
uriVariables.put( "phone" , "151xxxxxxxx" );
uriVariables.put( "msg" , "测试短信内容" );
String result = restOperations.getForObject(url, String. class , uriVariables);
}
|
等价于
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
@Autowired
private RestOperations restOperations;
public void test() throws Exception{
String url = "http://localhost:8080/test/sendSms?phone={phone}&msg={phone}" ;
String result = restOperations.getForObject(url, String. class , "151xxxxxxxx" , "测试短信内容" );
}
|
springboot restTemplate访问get,post请求的各种方式
springboot中封装好了访问外部请求的方法类,那就是RestTemplate。下面就简单介绍一下,RestTemplate访问外部请求的方法。
get请求
首先get请求的参数是拼接在url后面的。所以不需要额外添加参数。但是也需要分两种情况。
1、 有请求头
由于 getForEntity() 和 getForObject() 都无法加入请求头。所以需要请求头的连接只能使用 exchange() 来访问。代码如下
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
|
public JSONObject test(){
try {
RestTemplate re = new RestTemplate();
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
String url = "http://test.api.com?id=123" ;
headers.set( "Content-Type" , "application/json" );
HttpEntity<JSONObject> jsonObject= re.exchange(url, HttpMethod.GET, new HttpEntity<>(headers),JSONObject. class );
log.info( "返回:{}" ,jsonObject.getBody());
return jsonObject.getBody();
} catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage());
}
return null ;
}
|
2、 无请求头
无需请求头的可以用三个方法实现。getForEntity() 和 getForObject() 还有 exchange() 都可以实现。下面讲前两种用的比较多的。
getForEntity()
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
public JSONObject test(){
try {
RestTemplate re = new RestTemplate();
String url = "http://api.help.bj.cn/apis/alarm/?id=101020100" ;
HttpEntity<JSONObject> jsonObject= re.getForEntity(url,JSONObject. class );
log.info( "返回:{}" ,jsonObject.getBody());
return jsonObject.getBody();
} catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage());
}
return null ;
}
|
getForObject()
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
public JSONObject test(){
try {
RestTemplate re = new RestTemplate();
String url = "http://api.help.bj.cn/apis/alarm/?id=101020100" ;
JSONObject jsonObject= re.getForObject(url,JSONObject. class );
log.info( "返回:{}" ,jsonObject);
return jsonObject;
} catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage());
}
return null ;
}
|
post请求
post请求也分几种情况
1、参数在body的form-data里面
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
public static JSONObject test(){
try {
RestTemplate re = new RestTemplate();
String url = "http://localhost:8101/test" ;
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.MULTIPART_FORM_DATA);
MultiValueMap<String, Object> loginJson = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
loginJson.add( "id" , "123" );
JSONObject jsonObject= re.postForObject(url, new HttpEntity<>(loginJson,headers),JSONObject. class );
log.info( "返回:{}" ,jsonObject);
return jsonObject;
} catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage());
}
return null ;
}
|
还可以把 postForObject 换成 postForEntity
2、参数在body的x-www-from-urlencodeed里面
只需要把请求头的setContentType改成下面即可
1
|
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
public static JSONObject test(){
try {
RestTemplate re = new RestTemplate();
String url = "http://localhost:8101/test" ;
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED);
MultiValueMap<String, Object> loginJson = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
loginJson.add( "id" , "123" );
JSONObject jsonObject= re.postForObject(url, new HttpEntity<>(loginJson,headers),JSONObject. class );
log.info( "返回:{}" ,jsonObject);
return jsonObject;
} catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage());
}
return null ;
}
|
3、参数在body的raw里面
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
|
public static JSONObject test(){
try {
RestTemplate re = new RestTemplate();
String url = "http://localhost:8101/test" ;
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
headers.set( "Content-Type" , "application/json" );
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put( "id" , "1" );
JSONObject jsonObject1 = restTemplate
.postForObject(url, new HttpEntity<>(jsonObject,headers),JSONObject. class );
log.info( "返回:{}" ,jsonObject1);
return jsonObject;
} catch (Exception e){
log.error(e.getMessage());
}
return null ;
}
|
以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/MitKey/article/details/53956520