测试版本：hadoop0.20.2
[hadoop@Master ~]$ start-all.sh
starting namenode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-Master.Hadoop.out/usr/hadoop/bin/hadoop-daemon.sh: line 117: /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-Master.Hadoop.out: Permission denied
head: cannot open ‘/usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-Master.Hadoop.out’ for reading: No such file or directory
192.168.1.3: starting datanode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-Slave1.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.4: starting datanode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-Slave2.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.5: starting datanode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-Slave3.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.105: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-Master.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.105: /usr/hadoop/bin/hadoop-daemon.sh: line 117: /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-Master.Hadoop.out: Permission denied
192.168.1.105: head: cannot open ‘/usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-Master.Hadoop.out’ for reading: No such file or directory
starting jobtracker, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-jobtracker-Master.Hadoop.out
/usr/hadoop/bin/hadoop-daemon.sh: line 117: /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-jobtracker-Master.Hadoop.out: Permission denied
head: cannot open ‘/usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-jobtracker-Master.Hadoop.out’ for reading: No such file or directory
192.168.1.3: starting tasktracker, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-tasktracker-Slave1.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.4: starting tasktracker, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-tasktracker-Slave2.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.5: starting tasktracker, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-tasktracker-Slave3.Hadoop.out
[hadoop@Master ~]$ hadoop dfsadmin -report
14/02/05 00:12:56 INFO ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: /192.168.1.105:9000. Already tried 0 time(s).
14/02/05 00:12:57 INFO ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: /192.168.1.105:9000. Already tried 1 time(s).
14/02/05 00:12:58 INFO ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: /192.168.1.105:9000. Already tried 2 time(s).
14/02/05 00:12:59 INFO ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: /192.168.1.105:9000. Already tried 3 time(s).
14/02/05 00:13:00 INFO ipc.Client: Retrying connect to server: /192.168.1.105:9000. Already tried 4 time(s).
[root@Master usr]# ll
total 43748
dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 53248 Feb 4 15:22 bin
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Aug 7 17:10 games
drwxr-xr-x. 14 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 5 00:30 hadoop
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 44575568 Feb 4 13:47 hadoop-0.20.2.tar.gz
drwxr-xr-x. 35 root root 4096 Feb 4 14:01 include
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Feb 4 13:29 java
dr-xr-xr-x. 44 root root 4096 Feb 4 14:10 lib
dr-xr-xr-x. 157 root root 86016 Feb 4 15:22 lib64
drwxr-xr-x. 36 root root 12288 Feb 4 15:22 libexec
drwxr-xr-x. 12 root root 4096 Feb 4 12:49 local
dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 20480 Feb 4 15:22 sbin
drwxr-xr-x. 244 root root 12288 Feb 4 14:10 share
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Feb 4 14:10 src
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 10 Feb 4 12:49 tmp -> ../var/tmp
[hadoop@Master hadoop]$ ll
total 4880
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Feb 4 13:48 bin
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 74035 Feb 19 2010 build.xml
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root 4096 Feb 19 2010 c++
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 348624 Feb 19 2010 CHANGES.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Feb 4 21:08 conf
drwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 4096 Feb 19 2010 contrib
drwxr-xr-x. 7 root root 4096 Feb 4 13:47 docs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 6839 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-ant.jar
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 2689741 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-core.jar
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 142466 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-examples.jar
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 1563859 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-test.jar
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 69940 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-tools.jar
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Feb 4 13:47 ivy
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 8852 Feb 19 2010 ivy.xml
drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 4096 Feb 4 13:47 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Feb 4 13:47 librecordio
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 13366 Feb 19 2010 LICENSE.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4096 Feb 5 00:27 logs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 101 Feb 19 2010 NOTICE.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 root root 1366 Feb 19 2010 README.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 15 root root 4096 Feb 4 13:48 src
drwxrwxr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 5 00:30 tmp
drwxr-xr-x. 8 root root 4096 Feb 19 2010 webapps
上述才知道是权限不够：
溯源：
chown -R hadoop:hadoop hadoop/
最后没加"/"
正确结果：
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 4 13:48 bin
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 74035 Feb 19 2010 build.xml
drwxr-xr-x. 4 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 19 2010 c++
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 348624 Feb 19 2010 CHANGES.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 4 21:08 conf
drwxr-xr-x. 13 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 19 2010 contrib
drwxr-xr-x. 7 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 4 13:47 docs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 6839 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-ant.jar
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 2689741 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-core.jar
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 142466 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-examples.jar
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 1563859 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-test.jar
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 69940 Feb 19 2010 hadoop-0.20.2-tools.jar
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 4 13:47 ivy
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 8852 Feb 19 2010 ivy.xml
drwxr-xr-x. 5 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 4 13:47 lib
drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 4 13:47 librecordio
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 13366 Feb 19 2010 LICENSE.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 5 00:27 logs
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 101 Feb 19 2010 NOTICE.txt
-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 1366 Feb 19 2010 README.txt
drwxr-xr-x. 15 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 4 13:48 src
drwxrwxr-x. 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 5 00:31 tmp
drwxr-xr-x. 8 hadoop hadoop 4096 Feb 19 2010 webapps
注意：
Slave1/Slave2/Slave3，也就是Datanode一样要改。
最后：
[hadoop@Master usr]$rm -rf /usr/hadoop/tmp
[hadoop@Master usr]$ mkdir /usr/hadoop/tmp
[hadoop@Master usr]$ rm -rf /tmp/hadoop*
[hadoop@Master usr]$ hadoop namenode -format
14/02/05 00:49:17 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG:
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode
STARTUP_MSG: host = Master.Hadoop/192.168.1.105
STARTUP_MSG: args = [-format]
STARTUP_MSG: version = 0.20.2
STARTUP_MSG: build = https://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/hadoop/common/branches/branch-0.20 -r 911707; compiled by 'chrisdo' on Fri Feb 19 08:07:34 UTC 2010
************************************************************/
14/02/05 00:49:17 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: fsOwner=hadoop,hadoop
14/02/05 00:49:17 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: supergroup=supergroup
14/02/05 00:49:17 INFO namenode.FSNamesystem: isPermissionEnabled=true
14/02/05 00:49:17 INFO common.Storage: Image file of size 96 saved in 0 seconds.
14/02/05 00:49:18 INFO common.Storage: Storage directory /usr/hadoop/tmp/dfs/name has been successfully formatted.
14/02/05 00:49:18 INFO namenode.NameNode: SHUTDOWN_MSG:
/************************************************************
SHUTDOWN_MSG: Shutting down NameNode at Master.Hadoop/192.168.1.105
************************************************************/
[hadoop@Master usr]$ start-all.sh
starting namenode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-namenode-Master.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.3: starting datanode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-Slave1.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.4: starting datanode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-Slave2.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.5: starting datanode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-datanode-Slave3.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.105: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-Master.Hadoop.out
starting jobtracker, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-jobtracker-Master.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.4: starting tasktracker, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-tasktracker-Slave2.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.3: starting tasktracker, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-tasktracker-Slave1.Hadoop.out
192.168.1.5: starting tasktracker, logging to /usr/hadoop/bin/../logs/hadoop-hadoop-tasktracker-Slave3.Hadoop.out