Oracle 11g R2 rac通过rman 恢复到单实例数据库

生产环境是2个节点的rac + dataguard（物理备库也是两个节点的rac），通过rman每天进行备份，现在需要定期对生产库进行恢复操作

恢复步骤如下：

1. 把生产库的备份拷贝到目标端

mkdir /oracle/backup

chown oracle:oinstall /oracle/backup

2. 拷贝备份到目标端

scp -P 22 incremental_level* oracle@ip:/oracle/backup

scp -P 22 ctrl_ORCL_1381360903 * oracle@ip:/oracle/backup

scp -P 22 arch_ORCL_ * oracle@ip:/oracle/backup

3. 构造参数文件

在rac环境上生产pfile文件，然后修改pfile文件如下：

把rac相关的参数注释掉，修改相应的参数为单实例数据库上的路径

*._ash_size=104857600

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle/oracle/admin/orcl/adump'

*.audit_trail='NONE'

#*.cluster_database=true

*.compatible='11.2.0.4.0'

*.control_files='/oracle/oracle/oradata/orcl/control1.ctl','/oracle/oracle/oradata/control2.ctl'

*.db_block_size=8192

#*.db_create_file_dest='+DATADG'

*.db_domain=''

#*.db_file_name_convert='+DATADG','+DATADG'

*.db_name='orcl'

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle/oracle/fast_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=107374182400

*.db_unique_name='orcl'

*.diagnostic_dest='/oracle/oracle'

#*.fal_client='primaryorcl'

#*.fal_server='standbyorcl'

#orcl1.instance_number=1

#orcl2.instance_number=2

#orcl1.large_pool_size=0

#orcl2.large_pool_size=0

#*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl,orcldg)'

*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/oracle/oracle/oradata/archive'

#*.log_archive_dest_2='service=STANDBYORCLvalid_for=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) db_unique_name=orcldg'

#*.log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE'

#*.log_file_name_convert='+SYSTEMDG','+SYSTEMDG'

*.memory_max_target=16548578304

*.memory_target=16548578304

*.open_cursors=1000

*.pga_aggregate_target=5242880000

*.processes=4000

#*.remote_listener='172.19.0.107:1521'

*.remote_login_passwordfile='exclusive'

*.session_cached_cursors=800

*.sessions=3305

*.sga_target=10777216000

#orcl1.shared_pool_size=1073741824

#shared_pool_size=1073741824

#orcl2.shared_pool_size=1073741824

#*.standby_file_management='auto'

#orcl2.thread=2

#orcl1.thread=1

*.undo_retention=10800

#orcl2.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2'

#orcl1.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

文件修改好后放到$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下并命名为initorcl.ora

4. 创建相关的目录

mkdir –p /oracle/oracle/oradata/archive --归档目录

mkdir –p /oracle/oracle/admin/orcl/adump --跟踪审计目录

mkdir –p /oracle/oracle/oradata/orcl --数据文件存放目录

chown oracle:oinstall /oracle/oracle/oradata/archive

chown oracle:oinstall /oracle/oracle/admin/orcl/adump

chown oracle:oinstall /oracle/oracle/oradata/orcl

5. 设置oracle_sid环境变量用编辑的好参数启动数据库到nomount状态

[oracle@database orcl]$ sqlplus "/assysdba"

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0Production on Fri Jan 23 12:14:27 2015

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup nomount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 1.6502E+10 bytes

Fixed Size 2269632 bytes

Variable Size 7516196416 bytes

Database Buffers 8959033344 bytes

Redo Buffers 24379392 bytes

SQL>

6. 从备份集还原控制文件

restore controlfile from 'name';

RMAN>restore controlfile from '/oracle/backup/ctrl_ORCL_1381360903_20150121_485_1';

Startingrestore at 23-JAN-15

usingchannel ORA_DISK_1

channelORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channelORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

outputfile name=/oracle/oracle/oradata/orcl/control1.ctl

outputfile name=/oracle/oracle/oradata/control2.ctl

Finishedrestore at 23-JAN-15

RMAN>mount database; --打开数据库到mount状态

databasemounted

releasedchannel: ORA_DISK_1

RMAN>

7. 将备份信息注册到控制文件中

catalog start with '/oracle/backup/'

RMAN> catalog start with'/oracle/backup/';

Starting implicit crosscheck backup at23-JAN-15

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1887 devicetype=DISK

Crosschecked 19 objects

Finished implicit crosscheck backup at23-JAN-15

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at23-JAN-15

using channel ORA_DISK_1

Finished implicit crosscheck copy at23-JAN-15

searching for all files in the recoveryarea

cataloging files...

no files cataloged

searching for all files that match thepattern /oracle/backup/

List of Files Unknown to the Database

=====================================

File Name:/oracle/backup/ctrl_ORCL_1381360903_20150121_485_1

File Name:/oracle/backup/incremental_level1_eppt2p9m_20150119

File Name:/oracle/backup/incremental_level1_f3pt81qe_20150121

File Name:/oracle/backup/ctrl_ORCL_1381360903_20150118_469_1

File Name:/oracle/backup/incremental_level1_eopt2p54_20150119

File Name:/oracle/backup/ctrl_ORCL_1381360903_20150119_475_1

File Name:/oracle/backup/ctrl_ORCL_1381360903_20150120_480_1

File Name:/oracle/backup/incremental_level2_etpt5dce_20150120

File Name:/oracle/backup/incremental_level2_eupt5dha_20150120

File Name:/oracle/backup/incremental_level1_f2pt81ka_20150121

File Name:/oracle/backup/incremental_level0_ORCL_20150118_466_1

File Name:/oracle/backup/incremental_level0_ORCL_20150118_467_1

Do you really want to catalog the abovefiles (enter YES or NO)? YES

cataloging files...

cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files

=======================