从父目录导入脚本。

How do I import a module(python file) that resides in the parent directory?

如何导入位于父目录中的模块(python文件)?

Both directories have a __init__.py file in them but I still cannot import a file from the parent directory?

两个目录都有一个__init__。py文件，但我仍然不能从父目录导入文件?

In this folder layout, Script B is attempting to import Script A:

在这个文件夹布局中，脚本B试图导入脚本A:

Folder A:
   __init__.py
   Script A:
   Folder B:
     __init__.py
     Script B(attempting to import Script A)

The following code in Script B doesn't work:

脚本B中的以下代码不起作用:

import ../scriptA.py # I get a compile error saying the "." is invalid

3 个解决方案

#1

You don't import scripts in Python you import modules. Some python modules are also scripts that you can run directly (they do some useful work at a module-level).

在Python中不导入脚本，而是导入模块。一些python模块也是可以直接运行的脚本(它们在模块级做一些有用的工作)。

In general it is preferable to use absolute imports rather than relative imports.

一般来说，最好是使用绝对进口而不是相对进口。

toplevel_package/
├── __init__.py
├── moduleA.py
└── subpackage
    ├── __init__.py
    └── moduleB.py

In moduleB:

在moduleB:

from toplevel_package import moduleA

If you'd like to run moduleB.py as a script then make sure that parent directory for toplevel_package is in your sys.path.

如果你想要运行moduleB。py作为脚本，然后确保toplevel_package的父目录位于您的sys.path中。

#2

From the docs:

从文档:

from .. import scriptA

You can do this in packages, but not in scripts you run directly. From the link above:

您可以在包中执行此操作，但不能在直接运行的脚本中执行此操作。从上面的链接:

Note that both explicit and implicit relative imports are based on the name of the current module. Since the name of the main module is always "__main__", modules intended for use as the main module of a Python application should always use absolute imports.

注意，显式和隐式相对导入都基于当前模块的名称。由于主模块的名称总是“__main__”，所以用于作为Python应用程序的主模块的模块应该总是使用绝对导入。

If you create a script that imports A.B.B, you won't receive the ValueError.

如果您创建了一个导入A.B.的脚本。B，你不会收到ValueError。

#3

If you want to run the script directly, you can:

如果你想直接运行脚本，你可以:

Add the FolderA's path to the environment variable (PYTHONPATH).
将FolderA的路径添加到环境变量(PYTHONPATH)。
Add the path to sys.path in the your script.
添加到sys的路径。您的脚本中的路径。

Then:

然后:

import module_you_wanted

#1