在C和c++中区分unix目录和文件。

时间:2022-09-30 07:11:55

Given a path, say, /home/shree/path/def, I would want to determine if def is a directory or a file. Is there a way of achieving this in C or C++ code?

给定一个路径,例如/home/shree/path/def,我想确定def是一个目录还是一个文件。在C或c++代码中有没有实现这个的方法?

4 个解决方案

#1


35  

The following code uses the stat() function and the S_ISDIR ('is a directory') and S_ISREG ('is a regular file') macros to get information on the file. The rest is just error checking and enough to make a complete compilable program.

下面的代码使用stat()函数和S_ISDIR ('is a directory')和S_ISREG ('is a regular file')宏来获取文件信息。其余的只是错误检查,足以组成一个完整的可编译程序。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
    int status;
    struct stat st_buf;

    // Ensure argument passed.

    if (argc != 2) {
        printf ("Usage: progName <fileSpec>\n");
        printf ("       where <fileSpec> is the file to check.\n");
        return 1;
    }

    // Get the status of the file system object.

    status = stat (argv[1], &st_buf);
    if (status != 0) {
        printf ("Error, errno = %d\n", errno);
        return 1;
    }

    // Tell us what it is then exit.

    if (S_ISREG (st_buf.st_mode)) {
        printf ("%s is a regular file.\n", argv[1]);
    }
    if (S_ISDIR (st_buf.st_mode)) {
        printf ("%s is a directory.\n", argv[1]);
    }

    return 0;
}

Sample runs are shown here:

样本运行如下:


pax> vi progName.c ; gcc -o progName progName.c ; ./progName
Usage: progName 
       where  is the file to check.

pax> ./progName /home
/home is a directory.

pax> ./progName .profile
.profile is a regular file.

pax> ./progName /no_such_file
Error, errno = 2

#2


9  

Use the stat(2) system call. You can use the S_ISREG or S_ISDIR macro on the st_mode field to see if the given path is a file or a directory. The man page tells you about all the other fields.

使用stat(2)系统调用。您可以在st_mode字段上使用S_ISREG或S_ISDIR宏来查看给定路径是文件还是目录。手册页告诉你所有其他的字段。

#3


5  

What about using the boost::filesystem library and its is_directory(const Path& p) ? It may take a while to get familiar with, but not so much. It probably worths the investment, and your code will not be platform specific.

如何使用boost::文件系统库及其is_directory(const path&p) ?这可能需要一段时间来熟悉,但不是很多。它可能值得投资,并且您的代码不会是特定于平台的。

#4


-1  

Alternatively you can use system() function with in built shell command "test".
system returns the exit status of command last executed

您也可以使用system()函数和内置shell命令“test”。系统返回最后执行的命令的退出状态

 
 string test1 = "test -e filename" ;
 if(!system(test1))
 printf("filename exists") ;

string test2 = "test -d filename" ;
 if(!system(test2))
  printf("filename is a directory") ;

 string test3 = "test -f filename" ;
 if(!system(test3))
  printf("filename is a normal file") ;

but I am afraid this would work only on linux..

但我担心这只适用于linux。

#1


35  

The following code uses the stat() function and the S_ISDIR ('is a directory') and S_ISREG ('is a regular file') macros to get information on the file. The rest is just error checking and enough to make a complete compilable program.

下面的代码使用stat()函数和S_ISDIR ('is a directory')和S_ISREG ('is a regular file')宏来获取文件信息。其余的只是错误检查,足以组成一个完整的可编译程序。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>

int main (int argc, char *argv[]) {
    int status;
    struct stat st_buf;

    // Ensure argument passed.

    if (argc != 2) {
        printf ("Usage: progName <fileSpec>\n");
        printf ("       where <fileSpec> is the file to check.\n");
        return 1;
    }

    // Get the status of the file system object.

    status = stat (argv[1], &st_buf);
    if (status != 0) {
        printf ("Error, errno = %d\n", errno);
        return 1;
    }

    // Tell us what it is then exit.

    if (S_ISREG (st_buf.st_mode)) {
        printf ("%s is a regular file.\n", argv[1]);
    }
    if (S_ISDIR (st_buf.st_mode)) {
        printf ("%s is a directory.\n", argv[1]);
    }

    return 0;
}

Sample runs are shown here:

样本运行如下:


pax> vi progName.c ; gcc -o progName progName.c ; ./progName
Usage: progName 
       where  is the file to check.

pax> ./progName /home
/home is a directory.

pax> ./progName .profile
.profile is a regular file.

pax> ./progName /no_such_file
Error, errno = 2

#2


9  

Use the stat(2) system call. You can use the S_ISREG or S_ISDIR macro on the st_mode field to see if the given path is a file or a directory. The man page tells you about all the other fields.

使用stat(2)系统调用。您可以在st_mode字段上使用S_ISREG或S_ISDIR宏来查看给定路径是文件还是目录。手册页告诉你所有其他的字段。

#3


5  

What about using the boost::filesystem library and its is_directory(const Path& p) ? It may take a while to get familiar with, but not so much. It probably worths the investment, and your code will not be platform specific.

如何使用boost::文件系统库及其is_directory(const path&p) ?这可能需要一段时间来熟悉,但不是很多。它可能值得投资,并且您的代码不会是特定于平台的。

#4


-1  

Alternatively you can use system() function with in built shell command "test".
system returns the exit status of command last executed

您也可以使用system()函数和内置shell命令“test”。系统返回最后执行的命令的退出状态

 
 string test1 = "test -e filename" ;
 if(!system(test1))
 printf("filename exists") ;

string test2 = "test -d filename" ;
 if(!system(test2))
  printf("filename is a directory") ;

 string test3 = "test -f filename" ;
 if(!system(test3))
  printf("filename is a normal file") ;

but I am afraid this would work only on linux..

但我担心这只适用于linux。