1. 安装apache2 + php + mysql
- 安装Apache2:
sudo apt-get install apache2- 安装PHP模块：
sudo apt-get install php5- 安装Mysql:
sudo apt-get install mysql-server- 其他模块安装：
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-auth-mysqlsudo apt-get install php5-mysqlsudo apt-get install php5-gd- 前两个很容易明白，要想apache能够解析PHP，就需要借助这两个模块来找到php engine。
- 第三个在php操作mysql数据库时用到，大多数人都有数据库编程经验，所以这就不用多解释了
- 第四个GD库。
2. 相关配置
安装完上述的各个模块后，实际上基本配都OK了，只是一些小的细节问题。
* Ubuntu系统配置文件目录：/etc
* 各组件配置文件：
- Apache /etc/apache2
- Mysql /etc/mysql
- PHP /etc/php5
基本上多有的配置都在/etc/apache2目录及其子目录下完成，故一定要搞清楚这个目录结构。
2.1 apache根目录
安装完apache2，根目录在/var/www下，可以通过http://localhost/测试一下是否好用。
当然也可以在该目录下新建一个文件test.html来试一试http://localhost/test.html。
2.2 PHP解析问题
安装完貌似php的解析都有点问题，浏览php网页会保存，apache没有将其解析为网页。(可能会有这些问题，如果没有那就太好了)
网上一般说的是需要在httpd.conf中添加XXXX，对其他的linux系统可能确实如此，但是Ubuntu有点特殊。
Ubuntu的apache2配置在/etc/apache2目录下。
这个目录下有个apache2.conf文件，这个文件通过包含其他配置文件涵盖了所有的apache2系统配置信息。
php解析部分在的配置在/etc/apache2/mods-available下的php5.conf和php5.load中，apache2.conf文件中并没有将这两个文件包含进来，只要包含进去就OK了。
在apache2.conf中找到
# Include module configuration:
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.load
Include /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/*.conf在其后面添加
Include /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.load
Include /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.conf另外一种方法就是将这两个文件链接到mods-enabled目录下：
sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.load /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php5.load
sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/mods-available/php5.conf /etc/apache2/mods-enabled/php5.conf这一种方式更好一点，没有破坏apache2本身的配置结构。
2.3 改变apache2的默认目录到当前的开发目录
apache2的默认目录配置在/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/00default文件中。
找到该文件中的DocumentRoot项， 将/var/www改为你的开发目录就OK了。
当然，还有一种方法就是不该边默认目录，只是在var/www下建立一个到你的目录的链接。
比如你的目录在/home/stephen/phptest，那么你只要
sudo ln -s /home/stephen/phptest /var/www/phptest这样你就可以通过http://localhost/phptest访问你的工作目录了。
链接文件名中不能含有“.”，否则apache2会将其当作为一个文件试图解析而无法达到链接目录的效果。
个人推荐用后一种方式，这样可以多个工作目录并行开发。
配置中常用命令
重启apache
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart3.测试
来一个简单的测试，在phptest目录下新建一个PHP 文件:test.php
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>PHP Site</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>
<center>
<?php
echo "Hello,This is my first PHP webpage\n";
phpinfo();
?>
</center>
</p>
</body>
</html>保存退出。
打开浏览器，输入：localhost/phptest/tset.php,就能看到我们PHP的运行结果了。 Good Luck!
我的apache2.conf文件，仅供参考：
# This is the main Apache server configuration file. It contains the
# configuration directives that give the server its instructions.
# See http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/ for detailed information about
# the directives and /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian about Debian specific
# hints.
#
#
# Summary of how the Apache 2 configuration works in Debian:
# The Apache 2 web server configuration in Debian is quite different to
# upstream's suggested way to configure the web server. This is because Debian's
# default Apache2 installation attempts to make adding and removing modules,
# virtual hosts, and extra configuration directives as flexible as possible, in
# order to make automating the changes and administering the server as easy as
# possible.
# It is split into several files forming the configuration hierarchy outlined
# below, all located in the /etc/apache2/ directory:
#
# /etc/apache2/
# |-- apache2.conf
# | `-- ports.conf
# |-- mods-enabled
# | |-- *.load
# | `-- *.conf
# |-- conf-enabled
# | `-- *.conf
# `-- sites-enabled
# `-- *.conf
#
#
# * apache2.conf is the main configuration file (this file). It puts the pieces
# together by including all remaining configuration files when starting up the
# web server.
#
# * ports.conf is always included from the main configuration file. It is
# supposed to determine listening ports for incoming connections which can be
# customized anytime.
#
# * Configuration files in the mods-enabled/, conf-enabled/ and sites-enabled/
# directories contain particular configuration snippets which manage modules,
# global configuration fragments, or virtual host configurations,
# respectively.
#
# They are activated by symlinking available configuration files from their
# respective *-available/ counterparts. These should be managed by using our
# helpers a2enmod/a2dismod, a2ensite/a2dissite and a2enconf/a2disconf. See
# their respective man pages for detailed information.
#
# * The binary is called apache2. Due to the use of environment variables, in
# the default configuration, apache2 needs to be started/stopped with
# /etc/init.d/apache2 or apache2ctl. Calling /usr/bin/apache2 directly will not
# work with the default configuration.
# Global configuration
#
#
# ServerRoot: The top of the directory tree under which the server's
# configuration, error, and log files are kept.
#
# NOTE! If you intend to place this on an NFS (or otherwise network)
# mounted filesystem then please read the Mutex documentation (available
# at <URL:http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/core.html#mutex>);
# you will save yourself a lot of trouble.
#
# Do NOT add a slash at the end of the directory path.
#
#ServerRoot "/etc/apache2"
#
# The accept serialization lock file MUST BE STORED ON A LOCAL DISK.
#
Mutex file:${APACHE_LOCK_DIR} default
#
# PidFile: The file in which the server should record its process
# identification number when it starts.
# This needs to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
#
PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE}
#
# Timeout: The number of seconds before receives and sends time out.
#
Timeout 300
#
# KeepAlive: Whether or not to allow persistent connections (more than
# one request per connection). Set to "Off" to deactivate.
#
KeepAlive On
#
# MaxKeepAliveRequests: The maximum number of requests to allow
# during a persistent connection. Set to 0 to allow an unlimited amount.
# We recommend you leave this number high, for maximum performance.
#
MaxKeepAliveRequests 100
#
# KeepAliveTimeout: Number of seconds to wait for the next request from the
# same client on the same connection.
#
KeepAliveTimeout 5
# These need to be set in /etc/apache2/envvars
User ${APACHE_RUN_USER}
Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP}
#
# HostnameLookups: Log the names of clients or just their IP addresses
# e.g., www.apache.org (on) or 204.62.129.132 (off).
# The default is off because it'd be overall better for the net if people
# had to knowingly turn this feature on, since enabling it means that
# each client request will result in AT LEAST one lookup request to the
# nameserver.
#
HostnameLookups Off
# ErrorLog: The location of the error log file.
# If you do not specify an ErrorLog directive within a <VirtualHost>
# container, error messages relating to that virtual host will be
# logged here. If you *do* define an error logfile for a <VirtualHost>
# container, that host's errors will be logged there and not here.
#
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
#
# LogLevel: Control the severity of messages logged to the error_log.
# Available values: trace8, ..., trace1, debug, info, notice, warn,
# error, crit, alert, emerg.
# It is also possible to configure the log level for particular modules, e.g.
# "LogLevel info ssl:warn"
#
LogLevel warn
# Include module configuration:
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.load
IncludeOptional mods-enabled/*.conf
# Include list of ports to listen on
Include ports.conf
# Sets the default security model of the Apache2 HTTPD server. It does
# not allow access to the root filesystem outside of /usr/share and /var/www.
# The former is used by web applications packaged in Debian,
# the latter may be used for local directories served by the web server. If
# your system is serving content from a sub-directory in /srv you must allow
# access here, or in any related virtual host.
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
</Directory>
<Directory /usr/share>
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
<Directory /var/www/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
#<Directory /srv/>
# Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
# AllowOverride None
# Require all granted
#</Directory>
# AccessFileName: The name of the file to look for in each directory
# for additional configuration directives. See also the AllowOverride
# directive.
#
AccessFileName .htaccess
#
# The following lines prevent .htaccess and .htpasswd files from being
# viewed by Web clients.
#
<FilesMatch "^\.ht">
Require all denied
</FilesMatch>
#
# The following directives define some format nicknames for use with
# a CustomLog directive.
#
# These deviate from the Common Log Format definitions in that they use %O
# (the actual bytes sent including headers) instead of %b (the size of the
# requested file), because the latter makes it impossible to detect partial
# requests.
#
# Note that the use of %{X-Forwarded-For}i instead of %h is not recommended.
# Use mod_remoteip instead.
#
LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined
LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common
LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer
LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent
# Include of directories ignores editors' and dpkg's backup files,
# see README.Debian for details.
# Include generic snippets of statements
IncludeOptional conf-enabled/*.conf
# Include the virtual host configurations:
IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf
# vim: syntax=apache ts=4 sw=4 sts=4 sr noet