Spring4 MVC HelloWorld 注释/JavaConfig为示例，一步一步以简单的方式学习Spring4 MVC 的注解，项目设置，代码，部署和运行。
我们已经使用XML配置开发了一个Hello World Web应用程序。但是，XML不是配置Spring应用程序的唯一途径。或者，我们可以使用Java配置来配置应用程序.
我们将再次创建一个Hello world的例子，但这个时候我们使用Java配置。 我们将删除上面提到的XML文件，并通过它们对应的Java替换这些XML配置。
目录结构：
访问路径是：http://localhost:8080/gugua5/
包名：springmvc
HelloController.java
package springmvc.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; @Controller
@RequestMapping(value="/")
public class HelloWorldController { @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String sayHello(ModelMap model)
{ model.addAttribute("greeting", "hello world from spring mvc 4");
return "hello_say";
} @RequestMapping(value="/helloagain", method=RequestMethod.GET)
public String sayHelloAgain(ModelMap model)
{
model.addAttribute("greeting", "hello world again, spring mvc 4");
return "hello_say";
}
}
配置jsp视图路径,以及包下的controller/bean等自动引入,webmvc开启
package springmvc.configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc; import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView; @Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages="springmvc")
public class HelloWorldConfiguration { @Bean
public ViewResolver viewResolver()
{
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setViewClass(JstlView.class);
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/views/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return viewResolver;
} }
初始化WebApplicationInitializer
可以用AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer 来替代WebApplicationInitializer
package springmvc.configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;
public class HelloWorldInitializer extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return new Class[] { HelloWorldConfiguration.class };
}
@Override
protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return null;
}
@Override
protected String[] getServletMappings() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return new String [] { "/" };
}
}
jsp:
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%@ page isELIgnored="false" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>javaconfiguration</title>
</head>
<body> ${greeting} </body>
</html>
我们来说一说pom.xml配置
以 Spring Java为基础的配置取决于Servlet 3.0 的API， 因此，我们需要包含的依赖在 pom.xml 中。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>gugua4</groupId>
<artifactId>gugua5</artifactId>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>gugua5 Maven Webapp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties>
<springVersion>4.3.5.RELEASE</springVersion>
<hibernate.validator>5.1.2.Final</hibernate.validator> <!-- hibernate.validator -->
<javax.validation>1.1.0.Final</javax.validation> <!-- JSR303 的验证注解 -->
<mysqlVersion>5.0.11</mysqlVersion>
<commonsDbcpVersion>1.4</commonsDbcpVersion>
<aspectjweaverVersion>1.8.13</aspectjweaverVersion>
<commonsLoggingVersion>1.2</commonsLoggingVersion>
</properties> <dependencies> <!-- spring-test支持 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency> <!-- spring模块库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${springVersion}</version>
</dependency> <!-- (aop)@Aspect注解及代理 -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.aspectj/aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.6.8</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/cglib/cglib-nodep -->
<dependency>
<groupId>cglib</groupId>
<artifactId>cglib-nodep</artifactId>
<version>2.1_3</version>
</dependency> <!-- 依赖的持久化类库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.8</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-tx -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>3.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency> <!-- io流/上传类插件 -->
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-io/commons-io -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/commons-fileupload/commons-fileupload -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.2</version>
</dependency> <!-- 连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>${commonsDbcpVersion}</version>
</dependency> <!-- 公共基础类（字符处理，数组，日期，范围） -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
</dependency> <!-- jsp依赖的web模块库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency> <!-- servlet(HttpServletRequest,HttpServletResponse) -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<!--
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
-->
</dependency> <!-- jsr303 validation dependencies/ JSR303 的验证注解-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.validation</groupId>
<artifactId>validation-api</artifactId>
<version>${javax.validation}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- hibernate validation 数据验证-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.validator}</version>
</dependency> </dependencies> <build>
<!-- javaConfig配置 -->
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<configuration>
<!-- jsp目录 -->
<warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>
<warName>gugua5</warName>
<!-- 取消xml配置：web.xml -->
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<finalName>gugua5</finalName>
</build> </project>
重点是此段代码：
<build>
<!-- javaConfig配置 -->
<pluginManagement>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.6</version>
<configuration>
<!-- jsp目录 -->
<warSourceDirectory>src/main/webapp</warSourceDirectory>
<warName>gugua5</warName>
<!-- 取消xml配置：web.xml -->
<failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
<finalName>gugua5</finalName>
</build>