原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/u011593278/article/details/9745271
stax解析xml文档的方式:
- 基于光标的查询;
- 基于迭代模型的查找;
- 基于过滤器的查找;
- 基于xpath的查找;
- 使用 XMLStreamWriter 创建 xml 文档:
- 通过 Transformer 更新节点信息;
package com.zp.ws.test03; import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream; import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.stream.EventFilter;
import javax.xml.stream.FactoryConfigurationError;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLEventReader;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLInputFactory;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLOutputFactory;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamConstants;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamException;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamReader;
import javax.xml.stream.XMLStreamWriter;
import javax.xml.stream.events.XMLEvent;
import javax.xml.transform.OutputKeys;
import javax.xml.transform.Result;
import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerConfigurationException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerException;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;
import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactoryConfigurationError;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory; import org.junit.Test;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Element;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException; public class TestStax { /**
* 基于光标模型:
*
* 获取xml文件的元素和文本内容;
*/
@Test
public void test01() {
//实例化一个xml输入流工厂,创建一个xml文件读取器;
XMLInputFactory factory = XMLInputFactory.newInstance();
InputStream is = null;
try {
//获取xml文件的的输入流;
is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zp/ws/test03/books.xml");
//创建一个XMLStreamReader,读取xml文件,获取相应内容;
XMLStreamReader reader = factory.createXMLStreamReader(is);
while(reader.hasNext()) {
int type = reader.next();
/**
* 判断节点类型是否是开始或者结束或者文本节点,之后根据情况及进行处理:
*
* START_ELEMENT:开始元素;
* CHARACTERS:文本;
* END_ELEMENT:结束元素;
*
* reader.getName()得先判断是什么节点,再输出name,否则会报错,因为文本节点没有name;
*/
if(type==XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT) {
System.out.println(reader.getName());
} else if(type==XMLStreamConstants.CHARACTERS) {
System.out.println(reader.getText().trim());
} else if(type==XMLStreamConstants.END_ELEMENT) {
System.out.println("/"+reader.getName());
}
}
} catch (XMLStreamException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
//关闭读取xml文件的输入流;
if(is!=null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} /**
* 基于光标模型:
*
* 获取指定元素名的属性名和属性值;
*/
@Test
public void test02() {
XMLInputFactory factory = XMLInputFactory.newInstance();
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zp/ws/test03/books.xml");
XMLStreamReader reader = factory.createXMLStreamReader(is);
while(reader.hasNext()) {
int type = reader.next();
if(type==XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT) {
String name = reader.getName().toString();
//获取元素名称为book的第一个属性名和属性值;
if(name.equals("book")) {
System.out.println(reader.getAttributeName(0)+":"+reader.getAttributeValue(0));
}
}
}
} catch (XMLStreamException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
//关闭读取xml文件的输入流;
if(is!=null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} /**
* 基于光标模型:
*
* 获取xml文件指定元素的文本内容(元素的值)
*/
@Test
public void test03() {
XMLInputFactory factory = XMLInputFactory.newInstance();
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zp/ws/test03/books.xml");
XMLStreamReader reader = factory.createXMLStreamReader(is);
while(reader.hasNext()) {
int type = reader.next(); if(type==XMLStreamConstants.START_ELEMENT) {
String name = reader.getName().toString();
//获取名为"title"的元素的文本内容(元素的值)
if(name.equals("title")) {
System.out.print(reader.getElementText()+":");
}
//获取名为"price"的元素的文本内容(元素的值)
if(name.equals("price")) {
System.out.print(reader.getElementText()+"\n");
}
}
}
} catch (XMLStreamException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
//关闭读取xml文件的输入流;
if(is!=null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} /**
* 基于迭代模型:
*
* 获取xml文件指定元素的文本内容(元素的值)
*
* 迭代次数:本次测试时85;
*
* 根据迭代次数和过滤模型相比,过滤模型的远高于迭代模型的;
*/
@Test
public void test04() {
XMLInputFactory factory = XMLInputFactory.newInstance();
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zp/ws/test03/books.xml");
//基于迭代模型的操作方式
XMLEventReader reader = factory.createXMLEventReader(is);
int num = 0;
while(reader.hasNext()) {
//通过XMLEvent来获取是否是某种节点类型
XMLEvent event = reader.nextEvent();
if(event.isStartElement()) {
//通过event.asxxx转换节点类型;
String name = event.asStartElement().getName().toString();
if(name.equals("title")) {
System.out.print(reader.getElementText()+":");
}
if(name.equals("price")) {
System.out.print(reader.getElementText()+"\n");
}
}
num++;
}
//返回迭代次数是:85;
System.out.println(num);
} catch (XMLStreamException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
//关闭读取xml文件的输入流;
if(is!=null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} /**
* 基于过滤模型:
*
* 获取xml文件指定元素的文本内容(元素的值)
*
* 加过滤器后的迭代次数:本次测试结果:8;
*
* 所以可以得到的结果是:使用过滤模型的效率远高于迭代模型;
*/
@Test
public void test05() {
XMLInputFactory factory = XMLInputFactory.newInstance();
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zp/ws/test03/books.xml");
//基于Filter的过滤方式,可以有效的过滤掉不用进行操作的节点,效率会高一些
XMLEventReader reader = factory.createFilteredReader(factory.createXMLEventReader(is),
new EventFilter() {
@Override
public boolean accept(XMLEvent event) {
//返回true表示会显示,返回false表示不显示
if(event.isStartElement()) {
String name = event.asStartElement().getName().toString();
if(name.equals("title")||name.equals("price"))
return true;
}
return false;
}
});
int num = 0;
while(reader.hasNext()) {
//通过XMLEvent来获取是否是某种节点类型
XMLEvent event = reader.nextEvent();
if(event.isStartElement()) {
//通过event.asxxx转换节点
String name = event.asStartElement().getName().toString();
if(name.equals("title")) {
System.out.print(reader.getElementText()+":");
}
if(name.equals("price")) {
System.out.print(reader.getElementText()+"\n");
}
}
num++;
}
//返回迭代次数:8;
System.out.println(num);
} catch (XMLStreamException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
//关闭读取xml文件的输入流;
if(is!=null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} /**
* 基于XPath :XPath 是一门在 XML 文档中查找信息的语言;
*/
@Test
public void test06() {
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zp/ws/test03/books.xml");
//创建文档处理对象
DocumentBuilder db = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
//通过DocumentBuilder创建doc的文档对象
Document doc = db.parse(is);
//创建XPath
XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
//第一个参数就是xpath,第二参数就是文档
NodeList list = (NodeList)xpath.evaluate("//book[@category='WEB']", doc,XPathConstants.NODESET);
for(int i=0;i<list.getLength();i++) {
//遍历输出相应的结果
Element e = (Element)list.item(i);
System.out.println(e.getElementsByTagName("title").item(0).getTextContent());
}
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XPathExpressionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
//关闭读取xml文件的输入流;
if(is!=null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
} /**
* 使用 XMLStreamWriter 创建 xml 文档:
*/
@Test
public void test07() {
try {
XMLStreamWriter xsw = XMLOutputFactory.newInstance().createXMLStreamWriter(System.out);
xsw.writeStartDocument("UTF-8","1.0");
xsw.writeEndDocument();
String ns = "http://11:dd";
xsw.writeStartElement("nsadfsadf","person",ns);
xsw.writeStartElement(ns,"id");
xsw.writeCharacters("1");
xsw.writeEndElement();
xsw.writeEndElement();
xsw.flush();
xsw.close();
} catch (XMLStreamException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (FactoryConfigurationError e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} /**
* 通过 Transformer 更新节点信息;
*/
@Test
public void test08() {
InputStream is = null;
try {
is = TestStax.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("com/zp/ws/test03/books.xml");
//创建文档处理对象
DocumentBuilder db = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
//通过DocumentBuilder创建doc的文档对象
Document doc = db.parse(is);
//创建XPath
XPath xpath = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
Transformer tran = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer();
tran.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.ENCODING,"UTF-8");
tran.setOutputProperty(OutputKeys.INDENT, "yes");
//第一个参数就是xpath,第二参数就是文档
NodeList list = (NodeList)xpath.evaluate("//book[title='Learning XML']", doc,XPathConstants.NODESET);
//获取price节点
Element be = (Element)list.item(0);
Element e = (Element)(be.getElementsByTagName("price").item(0));
e.setTextContent("333.9");
//通过输出流创建一个结果;
Result result = new StreamResult(System.out);
//通过tranformer修改节点
tran.transform(new DOMSource(doc), result);
} catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SAXException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (XPathExpressionException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerConfigurationException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerFactoryConfigurationError e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (TransformerException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
//关闭读取xml文件的输入流;
if(is!=null) is.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
books.xml文件代码:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <bookstore> <book category="COOKING">
<title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>
<author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>30.00</price>
</book> <book category="CHILDREN">
<title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book> <book category="WEB">
<title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>
<author>James McGovern</author>
<author>Per Bothner</author>
<author>Kurt Cagle</author>
<author>James Linn</author>
<author>Vaidyanathan Nagarajan</author>
<year>2003</year>
<price>49.99</price>
</book> <book category="WEB">
<title lang="en">Learning XML</title>
<author>Erik T. Ray</author>
<year>2003</year>
<price>39.95</price>
</book> </bookstore>