RabbitMQ 入门指南——安装

时间：2022-11-09 05:58:43

RabbitMQ好文

安装RabbitMQ

Ubuntu

添加RabbitMQ源：

sudo echo "deb http://www.rabbitmq.com/debian testing main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list

将RabbitMQ公钥加入我们的信任密钥列表，避免一些关于unsigned packages的警告。

wget https://www.rabbitmq.com/rabbitmq-signing-key-public.asc

sudo apt-key add rabbitmq-signing-key-public.asc

更新软件列表，安装rabbitmq-server：

apt-get update

apt-get install rabbitmq-server

rabbitmq的相关目录：

$ find / -name .erlang.cookie

/var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie

执行apt-get update之后报错：

W: GPG error: http://www.rabbitmq.com testing InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY 6B73A36E6026DFCA

使用apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 6B73A36E6026DFCA解决

启动MQ：

service rabbitmq-server start

发现通过ip:15672还是无法访问，那么，还需要进一步设置，启用RabbitMQWeb管理插件：

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

然后就可以通过浏览器访问了，当使用guest/guest登陆时，报错,User can only log in via localhost

解决办法：

rabbitmqctl add_user admin admin

rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator

rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p / admin ".*" ".*" ".*"

添加用户参考：

CentOS

yum -y install epel-release

yum -y update

wget https://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/v3.6.10/rabbitmq-server-3.6.10-1.el7.noarch.rpm

rpm --import https://www.rabbitmq.com/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc

rpm -Uvh rabbitmq-server-3.6.10-1.el7.noarch.rpm

systemctl start rabbitmq-server

systemctl enable rabbitmq-server

rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

where -U to update if package is already installed, -v for verbose output, -h to print hash output

坑1：

在执行systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service之后，报错：Failed to start RabbitMQ broker:

原因，在运行systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service之前，我先执行了rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management，导致/etc/rabbitmq/下生成了enabled_plugins。解决启动错误，先删除该文件。

此外，启动出错时，还有可能因为防护墙的原因，可以参考此篇文章关闭。

防火墙关闭解决办法：

firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5672/tcp

firewall-cmd --reload

setsebool -P nis_enabled 1

或者粗暴点的办法（不推荐）

systemctl stop firewalld

systemctl disable firewalld

setenforce 0 （记得/etc/selinux/config也改成 disable，否则重启就不生效了）

```

坑2：

rabbitmq服务总算start成功了，但是执行`rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management`还是报错：

```

[root@SHA1000154085 rabbitmq]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

The following plugins have been enabled:

  amqp_client

  cowlib

  cowboy

  rabbitmq_web_dispatch

  rabbitmq_management_agent

  rabbitmq_management

Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@SHA1000154085... failed.

Error: {cannot_read_enabled_plugins_file,"/etc/rabbitmq/enabled_plugins",

           eacces}

```

网上看到一篇文章，抱着绝望的心情执行了：

```

umask 0022; rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management

```

竟然OK了！！！

坑3：

报错：`"Cookie file /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie must be accessible by owner only"`

解决办法-[unable to start rabbitmq server on ubuntu 10.04](https://*.com/questions/24610367/unable-to-start-rabbitmq-server-on-ubuntu-10-04)：

```

chown rabbitmq:rabbitmq /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie

chmod 600 /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie

```

看来`.erlang.cookie`的属组也很关键，修改好之后是这样的：

```

-rw-------   1 rabbitmq rabbitmq     20 Jun 14 14:31 .erlang.cookie

```

### 安装参考

- [*-How to install Install rabbitmq server on centos7](https://*.com/questions/32327873/how-to-install-install-rabbitmq-server-on-centos7)

- [How to Install RabbitMQ Server on CentOS 7](https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/how-to-install-rabbitmq-server-on-centos-7/)

- [RabbitMQ 基础](http://www.cnblogs.com/vincenshen/articles/6659589.html)

- [how-to-install-rabbitmq-on-centos-7](https://www.vultr.com/docs/how-to-install-rabbitmq-on-centos-7)

- [How to Install RabbitMQ on CentOS/RHEL 7/6 and Fedora](https://tecadmin.net/install-rabbitmq-on-centos/)

## RabbitMQ集群

- [rabbitmq 集群搭建](http://www.pandan.xyz/2017/02/11/rabbitmq%20%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA/)

- [Using RabbitMQ in Cluster](https://dzone.com/articles/rabbitmq-in-cluster)

- [CentOs7.3 搭建 RabbitMQ 3.6 Cluster 集群服务与使用](https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000010702020)

- [Rabbitmq集群高可用测试](https://www.cnblogs.com/flat_peach/archive/2013/04/07/3004008.html)

- [RabbitMQ集群和高可用配置的技巧](https://www.linuxprobe.com/rabbitmq-configuration.html)

### 修改hostname

临时修改hostname:`hostname <new hostname>`

推荐永久修改的方式：

CentOS系

```

$vi /etc/sysconfig/network

HOSTNAME=yourhostname

```

Debian发行版的hostname的配置文件是`/etc/hostname`。

Ubuntu

```

vi /etc/hostname

```

还需要修改`hosts`:

```

$vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   node2

127.0.0.1   localhost node2 localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

```

最后`reboot`重启，输入`hostname`查看是否生效。

参考：

- [CentOs6.5 修改主机名](http://www.ymq.io/2017/07/31/linux-localdomain/#3%E9%87%8D%E5%90%AF%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8)

- [修改centos等linux的hostname-永久生效](https://blog.csdn.net/yangshangwei/article/details/52878530)

## 文件路径

```

[root@SHA1000154085 rabbitmq]# find / -name rabbitmq-server

/usr/lib/ocf/resource.d/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server

/usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.6.10/sbin/rabbitmq-server

/usr/lib/rabbitmq/bin/rabbitmq-server

/usr/sbin/rabbitmq-server

/etc/logrotate.d/rabbitmq-server

```

## 重要方法

### factory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled()

```

//默认rabbitmq client是打开了自动recover连接的能力的（5.0版本的rabbitmq 默认是打开的）

factory.setAutomaticRecoveryEnabled(true);

ExecutorService es = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(20);

return factory.newConnection(es);

```

### channel.basicQos()

channel.basicQos(1); // accept only one unack-ed message at a time (see below)

### 参考-重要方法

- [rabbitmq channel参数详解](https://www.cnblogs.com/piaolingzxh/p/5448927.html)

- [RabbitMQ指南（上）](http://www.importnew.com/24319.html)

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