目前主流的Web MVC框架,除了Struts这个主力 外,还有Spring MVC,主要是由于Spring MVC配置比较简单,使用起来也十分明了,非常灵活,与Spring 集成较好,对RESTful API的支持也比struts要好。
MyBatis是ibatis的升级版,作为hibernate的老对手,它 是一个可以自定义SQL、存储过程和高级映射的持久层框架。
与hibernate的主要区别就是mybatis是半自动化的,而hibernate是全自动的,所以当应用需求越来越复杂的时候,自动化的sql显得比较笨拙。
由于前段时间接了个项目要用springmvc做,所以我抱着练手的态度,又玩起了整合框架的游戏。经常搭框架的人应该都清楚,框架搭建的核心就是配置文件。所以我主要贴下几个配置文件的代码。还是那句话,我都是写好配置文件之后,运行报错再加jar。这里列一下我用的jar包(应该是最少的):
备注:上图有一些额外的jar,比如我用的数据库连接池是阿里巴巴的druid、日志框架式logback,所以引入了相关jar。关于这两个框架的使用和配置都是非常简单的,所以这里就不细说。
1.整合SpringMVC
springMybatis-servlet.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解-->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
</mvc:annotation-driven> <!-- 自动扫描的包名 ,使Spring支持自动检测组件,如注解的Controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.alibaba.controller" />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.alibaba.service"/> <!-- 视图解析器:定义跳转的文件的前后缀 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> <!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 -->
</bean> <!--配置拦截器, 多个拦截器,顺序执行 -->
<mvc:interceptors>
<mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 匹配的是url路径 -->
<mvc:mapping path="/" />
<mvc:mapping path="/user/**" />
<mvc:mapping path="/test/**" /> <bean class="com.alibaba.interceptor.CommonInterceptor"></bean>
</mvc:interceptor>
<!-- 当设置多个拦截器时,先按顺序调用preHandle方法,然后逆序调用每个拦截器的postHandle和afterCompletion方法 -->
</mvc:interceptors> </beans>
2.整合Mybatis
spring-dao.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mybatis="http://mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring http://mybatis.org/schema/mybatis-spring.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"> <!-- 该包下的类支持注解,表示会被当作{@code mybatis mapper}处理 配置了之后表示可以自动引入mapper类-->
<mybatis:scan base-package="com.alibaba.dao"/>
<!--引入属性文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:configuration.properties"/> <!--数据库连接-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource" init-method="init" destroy-method="close">
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- 配置初始化大小、最小、最大 -->
<property name="initialSize"><value>1</value></property>
<property name="maxActive"><value>5</value></property>
<property name="minIdle"><value>1</value></property>
<!-- 配置获取连接等待超时的时间 -->
<property name="maxWait"><value>60000</value></property>
<!-- 配置监控统计拦截的filters -->
<property name="filters"><value>stat</value></property>
<!-- 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis"><value>60000</value></property>
<!-- 配置一个连接在池中最小生存的时间,单位是毫秒 -->
<property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis"><value>300000</value></property>
<!--
<property name="validationQuery"><value>SELECT 'x'</value></property>
<property name="testWhileIdle"><value>true</value></property>
<property name="testOnBorrow"><value>false</value></property>
<property name="testOnReturn"><value>false</value></property>
<property name="poolPreparedStatements"><value>true</value></property>
<property name="maxOpenPreparedStatements"><value>20</value></property>
-->
</bean> <!-- mybatis配置 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
3.web.xml整合SpringMVC和Mybatis
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<!-- 该servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录,如原来访问 http://localhost/foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
<!-- 不拦截静态文件 -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/js/*</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>/css/*</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>/images/*</url-pattern>
<url-pattern>/fonts/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping> <!-- 配置字符集 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping> <!-- 初始化 DispatcherServlet时,该框架在 web应用程序WEB-INF目录中寻找一个名为[servlet-名称]-servlet.xml的文件,
并在那里定义相关的Beans,重写在全局中定义的任何Beans -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMybatis</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMybatis</servlet-name>
<!-- 所有的的请求,都会被DispatcherServlet处理 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping> <context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/config/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- druid web 监控 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DruidStatView</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/druid/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping> <error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/error/404.jsp</location>
</error-page>
<error-page>
<error-code>500</error-code>
<location>/error/500.jsp</location>
</error-page>
</web-app>
4.logback.xml日志配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration> <appender name="STDOUT" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
<encoder>
<pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n</pattern>
</encoder>
</appender> <logger name="test.LogbackTest" level="TRACE"/> <logger name="com.alibaba.controller.TestController" level="TRACE"/> <logger name="org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet" level="DEBUG" />
<logger name="druid.sql" level="INFO" /><!-- 如果spring-config里面没有配置slf4j,就不会显示sql日志,logback只是slf4j的一个实现 -->
<root level="debug">
<appender-ref ref="STDOUT" />
</root>
</configuration>
5.configuration.properties配置
jdbc.url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/druid?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=UTF-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior\=convertToNull
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
6.测试搭建是否成功,后台代码
首先是登录,用了加密,可以去掉
package com.alibaba.controller; import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import com.alibaba.model.User;
import com.alibaba.service.UserService;
import com.alibaba.util.RequestUtil; /**
* @author tfj
* 2014-7-26
*/
@Controller
public class SystemController {
private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SystemController.class);
@Resource
private UserService userService; @RequestMapping(value = "/",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String home() {
log.info("返回首页!");
return "index";
} @RequestMapping(value = "/test/hello",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String testHello() {
log.info("执行了testHello方法!");
return "testHello";
} @RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String testLogin(HttpServletRequest request,@RequestParam String username, @RequestParam String password) {
log.info("执行了testLogin方法!");
User user = userService.findUserByName(username);
if(user!=null){
if(user.getPassword().equals(DigestUtils.md5Hex(password))){
request.getSession().setAttribute("userId", user.getId());
request.getSession().setAttribute("user", username);
return "redirect:" + RequestUtil.retrieveSavedRequest();//跳转至访问页面
}else{
log.info("密码错误");
request.getSession().setAttribute("message", "用户名密码错误,请重新登录");
return "login";
}
}else{
log.info("用户名不存在");
request.getSession().setAttribute("message", "用户名不存在,请重新登录");
return "login";
}
}
}
关于service和model就不写了,写一下mybatis的mapper类映射
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.alibaba.dao.UserMapper">
<select id="findUserByName" resultType="com.alibaba.model.User">
select id, username , password from sysuser where username = #{username}
</select>
</mapper>
7.前台jsp主要是登录和登录成功的页面,就不写了
贴一下截图:
到此,springmvc+mybatis整合成功。后续复杂的功能待添加
注意事项
1.框架中关于druid和logback的配置都是从官网上copy下来的,所以都是最基本的,读者可以忽略,也可以换成读者熟悉的数据库组件和日志框架,如c3p0和log4j。
2.代码里加入了权限管理,即访问前需登录,登录后跳转至待访问页面,关于springmvc的权限管理请