A.需要掌握的
1.添加图片资源(暂时认为@2x跟非@2x代表同一张图片)
2.搭建UI界面
* 文本标签
* 4个按钮
* 中间的图片
3.设置状态栏样式
4.监听下一题按钮的点击
5.延迟加载数据
* 加载plist
* 字典转模型
* KVC的引入
6.切换下一题的序号、图片、标题,下一题按钮的可用性
7.默认显示第1条题目
8.显示大图
* 监听中间图片点击
* 添加遮盖
* 移动图片(注意头像图片的层级顺序)
* 监听“大图按钮”
9.展示答案的个数
10.展示待选答案
11.答案处理
12.提示功能
13.Icon和Launch、@2x
B.实现思路
1.构建基本UI:
(1)背景
(2)按钮
(3)图片
(4)选项
2.数据存储与加载
(1)标题数据
(2)图片数据
(3)可选项数据
(4)答案数据
(5)得分数据
3.大图功能 (点击图片或者按钮)
(1)放大并调整图片位置
(2)虚化背景,使用半透明全覆盖的button
(3)点击背景或者图片,删除半透明背景、恢复图片
a.动画效果, 使用带block参数方法
b.播放完动画再移除阴影元素
4.下一题功能
其调用的功能是整个APP的核心,包含了初始化控件、加载文件数据、删除旧控件、加入新控件、刷新界面
5.提示功能
给出一定的答案
6.帮助功能
(在线分享功能,没有实现)
C.知识点
1.设置状态栏 (iOS7开始)
(1)设置样式
在Controller中重写preferredStateBarStyle方法,返回要设置的值
// 设置状态栏是否隐藏
- (BOOL)prefersStatusBarHidden {
return NO;
} // 设置状态栏
- (UIStatusBarStyle)preferredStatusBarStyle {
// 设置状态栏字体为白色
return UIStatusBarStyleLightContent;
}
状态栏是显示黑色字体:
修改之后:
2.APP图标
只要文件名为 “Icon.png”,就会被设置为APP图标
3.启动画面
一个app在启动过程中会全屏显示叫做Default.png的图片
不用规格Default的使用场合
- Default.png:非retina-iPhone屏幕,320x480
- Default@2x.png:retina-iPhone屏幕,640x960
- Default-568h@2x.png:4inch的retina-iPhone屏幕,640x1136
- Default-Portrait~ipad.png:非retain-iPad竖屏屏幕,768x1024
- Default-Portrait~ipad@2x.png:retain-iPad竖屏屏幕,1536x2048
- Default-Landscape~ipad.png:非retain-iPad横屏屏幕,1024x768
- Default-Landscape~ipad@2x.png:retain-iPad横屏屏幕,2048x1536
4.背景图和前景元素之间的层次关系
一般按照storyboard中的顺序排列
使用代码把某个元素提到最前
// 2.更换阴影和图片的位置
[self.view bringSubviewToFront:self.icon];
5.使用Button做出中间的图片
为了做出有白边效果的图片,使用了白色图片作为背景,然后设置图片的边距Inset,露出白色背景图
6.延迟加载数据
改写controller中的题目数组questions 的get方法,在调用get方法的时候检测questions是否已经存在,否则才开始加载
7.“大图”功能
虚化背景:使用一张半透明的图片遮挡
图片放大:使用形变转换
动画效果:使用带block参数的动画方法,设置动画事件、完成动画后消除遮盖回收内存
8.恢复图片
点击遮盖 / 点击放大后的图片:消除遮盖,恢复图片
9.消除button被点击的时候变灰
取消勾选 “Highlighted Adjusts Image”
10.显示答案
使用button, 动态生成相应数量的button
使用UIView作为父控件包含多个答案button
在storyboard中创建一个UIView,放到合适位置,调整尺寸
点击 "下一题” 按钮:
删除旧答案,自己控制自己从父视图删除
// 5.1 删除全部旧答案的button
[self.answerView.subviews makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(removeFromSuperview)];
添加新答案
11.加入选项
原理同答案模块,多了在行上面的位置计算
删除旧的所有选项,添加新的选项
// 6.1 删除旧选项
[self.optionsView.subviews makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(removeFromSuperview)];
12.点击选项
(1)被点击的选项按钮消失(hidden = YES)
(2)将选中选项的文字放到答案区的按钮上
(3)把文字放到第一个没有文字的答案按钮上
(4)点击有文字的答案按钮,文字恢复到选项
(5)答案填满后,阻止事件触发
13.点击有文字的答案按钮
(1)被点击的答案按钮文字消失
(2)让答案文字对应的选项重新出现
遍历所有选项,找到对应的选项进行设置
14.判断答案正确
(1)遍历答案区,判断每个答案按钮是否有文字,如果都有文字,证明已经完成,检查答案
(2)答错答案文字变红,退选答案恢复文字颜色为黑色
(3)答对了给出提示,延迟1秒后跳入下一题
17.分数计算
答对加分
18.提示功能
取消现有的所有答案,给出正确答案的第一个字,扣一定分数
19.更改图标
图标有命名规范,最好使用 “icon.png"
把所有图标文件拖放到 “Images.xcassets” 的”AppIcon” 里面
20.修改启动画面
注意:
在现时最新版Xcode6.1中,默认使用 LaunchScreen.xib 作为启动画面
现在有两种方式设置启动图片
- 使用 xib (LaunchScreen)
- 使用 LaunchImage
启动页面配置:
项目 ==> general ==> App Icons and Launch Images
(1)使用 xib
a.默认状态就是使用 xib
b.如果现状态是使用LaunchImage, 设置 “Launch Images Source” 为 “Don’t use asset catalogs”
c.设置 xib 的文件名
d.在 xib 中设计
e.效果
(2)使用 LaunchImage
a.更改配置
项目 ==> general ==> App Icons and Launch Images ==> Launch Images Source 中选择 images,再把Launch Screen File 选项设置为空
b.会发现Images.xcassets 下自动生成了一个 LaunchImage 的Imageset
c.拖入画面
d.效果
主要代码:
ViewController.m:
//
// ViewController.m
// CrazyGuessGame
//
// Created by hellovoidworld on 14/11/26.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 hellovoidworld. All rights reserved.
// #import "ViewController.h"
#import "Question.h" @interface ViewController () @property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *noLabel; // 序号
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *titleLabel; // 标题
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *icon;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *nextImageButton;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIView *answerView;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIView *optionsView;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UIButton *scoreButton; - (IBAction)onTipsButtonClicked;
- (IBAction)onHelpButtonClicked;
- (IBAction)onEnlargeImgButtonClicked;
- (IBAction)onNextImgButtonClicked;
- (IBAction)onImageClicked; /** 所有题目 */
@property(nonatomic, strong) NSArray *questions; /** 当前题目序号 */
@property(nonatomic, assign) int index; /** 遮盖阴影 */
@property(nonatomic, weak) UIButton *cover; /** 原始图片位置、尺寸 */
@property(nonatomic, assign) CGRect imageOriginalFrame; /** 答案是否已经填满标识 */
@property(nonatomic, assign) BOOL isAnswerCompleted; /** 得分 */
@property(nonatomic, assign) int score; @end @implementation ViewController - (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib. //存储原始图片的位置、尺寸信息
self.imageOriginalFrame = self.icon.frame; self.index = -;
[self onNextImgButtonClicked]; // 初次加载,index是0
} - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
[super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
// Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
} // 改写getter, 延迟加载,此处不要使用self.questions来取得questions,否则陷入死循环
- (NSArray *)questions {
if (nil == _questions) {
// 1.加载plist数据
NSArray *questionDictArray = [NSArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"questions" ofType:@"plist"]]; NSMutableArray *questionsArray = [NSMutableArray array];
for (NSDictionary *questionDict in questionDictArray) {
// 2.将数据封装到Model "Question"
Question *question = [Question initWithDictionary:questionDict];
[questionsArray addObject:question];
} // 3.赋值
_questions = questionsArray;
} return _questions;
} // 设置状态栏是否隐藏
- (BOOL)prefersStatusBarHidden {
return NO;
} // 设置状态栏
- (UIStatusBarStyle)preferredStatusBarStyle {
// 设置状态栏字体为白色
return UIStatusBarStyleLightContent;
} // 点击“提示”按钮
- (IBAction)onTipsButtonClicked {
// 1.清除现有的答案
for (UIButton *currentAnswerButton in self.answerView.subviews) {
[self onAnswerClicked:currentAnswerButton];
} // 2.取出正确答案片段
Question *question = self.questions[self.index];
NSString *partOfCorrectAnswer = [question.answer substringToIndex:]; // 3.填充到答案区
for (UIButton *optionButton in self.optionsView.subviews) {
if ([partOfCorrectAnswer isEqualToString:optionButton.currentTitle]) {
[self onOptionClicked:optionButton];
}
} // 5.扣取相应分数
[self calScore:-];
} // 点击“帮助”按钮
- (IBAction)onHelpButtonClicked {
} // 点击“大图”按钮
- (IBAction)onEnlargeImgButtonClicked {
// 1.1添加阴影
UIButton *cover = [[UIButton alloc] init];
cover.frame = self.view.bounds;
cover.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
cover.alpha = ; // 1.2给阴影添加变回小图的触发事件
[cover addTarget:self action:@selector(smallImg) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; self.cover = cover;
[self.view addSubview:cover]; // 2.更换阴影和图片的位置
[self.view bringSubviewToFront:self.icon]; // 3.更改图像大小,显示阴影
[UIView animateWithDuration: animations:^{
cover.alpha = 0.7; CGFloat iconWidth = self.view.frame.size.width;
CGFloat iconHeight = iconWidth;
CGFloat iconX = ;
CGFloat iconY = (self.view.frame.size.height / ) - (iconHeight / );
self.icon.frame = CGRectMake(iconX, iconY, iconWidth, iconHeight);
}];
} /** 缩小图片 */
- (void) smallImg {
[UIView animateWithDuration: animations:^{
// 1.删除阴影
self.cover.alpha = ; // 2.恢复图片
self.icon.frame = self.imageOriginalFrame; } completion:^(BOOL finished) {
// 动画执行完成后 [self.cover removeFromSuperview];
self.cover = nil;
}]; } // 点击“下一题”按钮
- (IBAction)onNextImgButtonClicked {
self.index++; // 1.取出相应地Model数据
Question *question = self.questions[self.index]; // 2.设置控件
[self setControls:question]; // 3.设置答案
[self addAnswer:question]; // 4.设置选项
[self addOptions:question]; } /** 设置控件 */
- (void) setControls:(Question *) question {
// 1.答案是否已经填满
self.isAnswerCompleted = NO; // 2.得分
[self.scoreButton setTitle:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", self.score] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; // 2.设置序号
self.noLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d/%d", self.index + , self.questions.count]; // 3.设置标题
self.titleLabel.text = question.title; // 4.设置图片
[self.icon setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:question.icon] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; // 5.设置“下一题”按钮
self.nextImageButton.enabled = (self.index + ) != self.questions.count;
} /** 加入答案区 */
- (void) addAnswer:(Question *) question {
// 5.1 删除全部旧答案的button
[self.answerView.subviews makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(removeFromSuperview)]; // 5.1 加入新答案
int answerCount = question.answer.length; // 答案字数 // 初始化尺寸信息
CGFloat answerWidth = ;
CGFloat answerHeight = self.answerView.frame.size.height;
CGFloat answerMargin = ;
CGFloat answerMarginLeft = (self.answerView.frame.size.width - answerWidth * answerCount - answerMargin * (answerCount - ) ) / ; for (int i=; i<question.answer.length; i++) {
// 计算位置
CGFloat answerX = answerMarginLeft + i * (answerWidth + answerMargin);
CGFloat answerY = ; UIButton *answerButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(answerX, answerY, answerWidth, answerHeight)]; // 设置背景
[answerButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"btn_answer"] forState: UIControlStateNormal];
[answerButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"btn_answer_highlighted"] forState: UIControlStateHighlighted]; // 设置按钮点击事件,让按钮文字消失,相应的选项恢复
[answerButton addTarget:self action:@selector(onAnswerClicked:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [self.answerView addSubview:answerButton];
} [self.view addSubview:self.answerView];
} /**
设置按钮点击事件,让按钮文字消失,相应的选项恢复
*/
- (void) onAnswerClicked:(UIButton *) answerButton {
// 1.设置答案标识
self.isAnswerCompleted = NO; // 2.恢复相应的选项
NSString *answerTitle = [answerButton titleForState:UIControlStateNormal];
for (UIButton *optionButton in self.optionsView.subviews) {
if ([answerTitle isEqualToString:[optionButton titleForState:UIControlStateNormal]]
&& optionButton.isHidden) {
optionButton.hidden = NO;
break;
}
} // 3.清除按钮上的文字
[answerButton setTitle:nil forState:UIControlStateNormal]; // 4.恢复答案文字颜色
for (UIButton *answerButton in self.answerView.subviews) {
[answerButton setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
}
} /** 加入选项区 */
- (void) addOptions:(Question *) question {
// 6.1 删除旧选项
[self.optionsView.subviews makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(removeFromSuperview)]; // 6.2 加入新选项
int optionsCount = question.options.count;
CGFloat optionWidth = ;
CGFloat optionHeight = ;
int columnCount = ;
CGFloat optionMargin = ;
CGFloat optionMarginLeft = (self.optionsView.frame.size.width - optionWidth * columnCount - optionMargin * (columnCount - )) / ; for (int i=; i<optionsCount; i++) {
int rowNo = i / columnCount; // 当前行号,从0开始
int columnNo = i % columnCount; // 当前列号,从0开始
CGFloat optionX = optionMarginLeft + columnNo * (optionWidth + optionMargin);
CGFloat optionY = rowNo * (optionHeight + optionMargin); UIButton *optionButton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(optionX, optionY, optionWidth, optionHeight)]; [optionButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"btn_option"] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[optionButton setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"btn_option_highlighted"] forState:UIControlStateHighlighted]; [optionButton setTitle:question.options[i] forState:UIControlStateNormal]; [optionButton addTarget:self action:@selector(onOptionClicked:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside]; [self.optionsView addSubview:optionButton];
} [self.view addSubview:self.optionsView];
} // 使点击到的选项消失
- (void) onOptionClicked:(UIButton *) optionButton {
// 1.如果答案尚未填满,使选中的选项消失
if (self.isAnswerCompleted) {
return;
} optionButton.hidden = YES; // 2.使消失的文字出现在答案区上,判断是否已经完成
NSString *optionTitle = [optionButton titleForState:UIControlStateNormal]; // 遍历答案按钮
for (int i=; i<self.answerView.subviews.count; i++) {
// 已经遍历到了最后一个答案按钮,证明已经完成了所有答案
if (i == self.answerView.subviews.count - ) {
self.isAnswerCompleted = YES;
} UIButton *answerButton = self.answerView.subviews[i];
NSString *answerTitle = [answerButton titleForState:UIControlStateNormal]; // 如果该答案按钮上没有文字,则是空,填入文字
if (answerTitle.length == ) {
// 按钮默认的字体颜色是白色, 手动设为黑色
[answerButton setTitleColor:[UIColor blackColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
[answerButton setTitle:optionTitle forState:UIControlStateNormal]; break;
}
} [self dealWithAnswer];
} /** 处理答案 */
- (void) dealWithAnswer {
if (self.isAnswerCompleted) {
Question *question = self.questions[self.index];
NSMutableString *answerStr = [NSMutableString string]; // 拼接已经完成的答案
for (UIButton *completedAnswerButton in self.answerView.subviews) {
[answerStr appendString:[completedAnswerButton titleForState:UIControlStateNormal]];
} // 如果答对了
if ([answerStr isEqualToString:question.answer]) {
// 答案字体转换称为蓝色
for (UIButton *correctAnswerButton in self.answerView.subviews) {
[correctAnswerButton setTitleColor:[UIColor blueColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
} // 延迟指定时间后跳入下一题
[self performSelector:@selector(onNextImgButtonClicked) withObject:nil afterDelay:0.5]; // 加分
[self calScore:];
}
else {
for (UIButton *correctAnswerButton in self.answerView.subviews) {
// 答案字体转换称为红色
[correctAnswerButton setTitleColor:[UIColor redColor] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
}
}
}
} /** 原图状态点击放大,大图状态点击恢复原状 */
- (IBAction)onImageClicked {
// 使用遮盖是否存在判断图片状态 // 1.遮盖不存在,放大图片
if (nil == self.cover) {
[self onEnlargeImgButtonClicked];
}
else {
// 2.遮盖存在,恢复图片
[self smallImg];
}
} /** 计算分数 */
- (void) calScore:(int) score {
self.score += score;
[self.scoreButton setTitle:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d", self.score] forState:UIControlStateNormal];
} @end
Question.h:
//
// Question.h
// CrazyGuessGame
//
// Created by hellovoidworld on 14/11/26.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 hellovoidworld. All rights reserved.
// #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface Question : NSObject @property(nonatomic, copy) NSString *answer;
@property(nonatomic, copy) NSString *title;
@property(nonatomic, copy) NSString *icon;
@property(nonatomic, strong) NSArray *options; - (instancetype) initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *) dictionary;
+ (instancetype) initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *) dictionary; @end
Question.m
//
// Question.m
// CrazyGuessGame
//
// Created by hellovoidworld on 14/11/26.
// Copyright (c) 2014年 hellovoidworld. All rights reserved.
// #import "Question.h" @implementation Question - (instancetype) initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *) dictionary {
if (self = [super init]) {
self.title = dictionary[@"title"];
self.icon = dictionary[@"icon"];
self.answer = dictionary[@"answer"];
self.options = dictionary[@"options"];
} return self;
} + (instancetype) initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *) dictionary {
return [[self alloc] initWithDictionary:dictionary];
} @end