本博客是基于Android Studio 1.3 preview版本,且默认你已经安装了Android SDK, Android NDK。
用Android Studio新建一个工程叫Prompt,其目录结构如下:
├── Prompt.iml
├── app
│ ├── app.iml
│ ├── build
│ ├── build.gradle
│ ├── libs
│ ├── proguard-rules.pro
│ └── src
├── build
│ └── intermediates
├── build.gradle
├── gradle
│ └── wrapper
├── gradle.properties
├── gradlew
├── gradlew.bat
├── local.properties
└── settings.gradle
切换到android视图,可见如下目录:
第一步,编写JNI代码:
1、新建jni文件夹,在jni文件夹下创建logger.h,用来打印输出日志的,其内容如下:
#ifndef PROMPT_LOGGER_H_H
#define PROMPT_LOGGER_H_H #include <jni.h>
#include <android/log.h> /**
* 定义log标签
*/
#define TAG "jni_logger" /**
* 定义info信息
*/
#define LOGI(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_INFO, TAG, __VA_ARGS__) /**
* 定义debug信息
*/
#define LOGD(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_DEBUG, TAG, __VA_ARGS__) /**
* 定义error信息
*/
#define LOGE(...) __android_log_print(ANDROID_LOG_ERROR, TAG, __VA_ARGS__) #endif //PROMPT_LOGGER_H_H
2、接着创建prompt_jni.c主要用来注册绑定java函数和native函数,以及java函数在c中相应函数的具体实现, 内容如下:
#include "logger.h" #ifndef NULL
#define NULL ((void *) 0)
#endif /**
* 获取数组的大小
*/
#define NELEM(x) ((int) (sizeof(x) / sizeof((x)[0]))) #define JNIREG_CLASS "com/ndk/clarck/prompt/MainActivity" /**
* 返回字符串
*/
JNIEXPORT jstring JNICALL native_getLine(JNIEnv *env, jobject obj, jstring prompt)
{
char outbuf[];
int len = (*env)->GetStringLength(env, prompt);
(*env)->GetStringUTFRegion(env, prompt, , len, outbuf); return (*env)->NewStringUTF(env, outbuf);
} /**
* Java和JNI函数绑定
*/
static JNINativeMethod method_table[] = {
{"getLine", "(Ljava/lang/String;)Ljava/lang/String;", (void*)native_getLine},
}; /**
* 注册native方法到java中
*/
static int registerNativeMethods(JNIEnv *env, const char* className,
JNINativeMethod* gMethods, int numMethods)
{
jclass clazz;
clazz = (*env)->FindClass(env, className);
if (clazz == NULL) {
return JNI_FALSE;
} if ((*env)->RegisterNatives(env, clazz, gMethods, numMethods) < )
{
return JNI_FALSE;
} return JNI_TRUE;
} /**
* 调用注册方法
*/
int register_ndk_load(JNIEnv *env)
{
return registerNativeMethods(env, JNIREG_CLASS, method_table, NELEM(method_table));
} JNIEXPORT jint JNI_OnLoad(JavaVM *vm, void* reserved)
{
JNIEnv* env = NULL;
jint result = -; if ((*vm)->GetEnv(vm, (void**)&env, JNI_VERSION_1_4) != JNI_OK) {
return result;
} register_ndk_load(env);
return JNI_VERSION_1_4;
}
3、java层调用如下:
package com.ndk.clarck.prompt; import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log; public class MainActivity extends Activity { @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
String getLine = getLine("Type a line:");
Log.d("Test", "getLine: " + getLine);
} public native String getLine(String prompt); static {
System.loadLibrary("prompt_jni");
}
}
第二步,配置如下环境,执行编译命令:
1、在local.properties配置SDK和NDK路径如下:
sdk.dir=xxxx
ndk.dir=xxx
2、打开gradle-wrapper.properties,将其配置修改为使用Gradle 2.5来编译(详情参考:http://www.cnblogs.com/tanlon/p/4731283.html):
#Mon Aug 17 20:34:50 HKT 2015
distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-2.5-all.zip
3、配置Project下面的build.gradle,其内容如下:
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules. buildscript {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
dependencies {
classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle-experimental:0.2.0' // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong
// in the individual module build.gradle files
}
} allprojects {
repositories {
jcenter()
}
}
4、配置Module下面的build.gradle,其内容如下:
apply plugin: 'com.android.model.application' model {
android {
compileSdkVersion = 21
buildToolsVersion = "22.0.1" defaultConfig.with {
applicationId = "com.ndk.clarck.prompt"
minSdkVersion.apiLevel = 15
targetSdkVersion.apiLevel = 21
}
} android.ndk {
moduleName = "prompt_jni"
ldLibs += ["log"]
} android.buildTypes {
release {
minifyEnabled = false
proguardFiles += file('proguard-rules.pro')
}
} android.productFlavors {
create ("arm7") {
ndk.abiFilters += "armeabi-v7a"
}
create ("arm8") {
ndk.abiFilters += "arm64-v8a"
}
create ("x86-32") {
ndk.abiFilters += "x86"
}
// for detailed abiFilter descriptions, refer to "Supported ABIs" @
// https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/abis.html#sa // build one including all cpu architectures
create("all")
}
}
5、执行Build->Make Project,得到如下输出:
1:27:09 PM Executing tasks: [:app:compileAllDebugSources, :app:compileAllDebugAndroidTestSources]
1:27:10 PM Gradle build finished in 779ms
6、执行Run,即可运行项目了。
经验:
1、遇到Gradle sync failed: Cause: org.gradle.api.internal.ExtensibleDynamicObject这种错误的解决办法:
将Module下的build.gradle所有编译参数赋值都是采用xxx = xxx这种方式,而不能采用 xxx xxx这种赋值的方式
2、Android Studio Gradle编译确实比Eclipse中采用Android Makefile要方便很多。