关于iOS如何实现视频和图片的上传, 我们先理清下思路
思路:
#1. 如何获取图片?
#2. 如何获取视频?
#3. 如何把图片存到缓存路径中?
#4. 如何把视频存到缓存路径中?
#5. 如何上传?
接下来, 我们按照上面的思路一步一步实现
首先我们新建一个类, 用来储存每一个要上传的文件uploadModel.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface uploadModel : NSObject @property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *path;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *type;
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, assign) BOOL isUploaded; @end
#1. 如何获取图片?
从相册选择 或者 拍照,
这部分可以用UIImagePickerController来实现
代码如下:
- (void)actionPhoto {
UIAlertController *alertController = \
[UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@""
message:@"上传照片"
preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleActionSheet];
UIAlertAction *photoAction = \
[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"从相册选择"
style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault
handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
NSLog(@"从相册选择");
self.imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;
self.imagePicker.mediaTypes = @[(NSString *)kUTTypeImage];
self.imagePicker.allowsEditing = YES;
[self presentViewController:self.imagePicker
animated:YES
completion:nil];
}];
UIAlertAction *cameraAction = \
[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"拍照"
style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault
handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
NSLog(@"拍照");
if ([UIImagePickerController isSourceTypeAvailable:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera]) {
self.imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera;
self.imagePicker.cameraCaptureMode = UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModePhoto;
self.imagePicker.cameraDevice = UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear;
self.imagePicker.allowsEditing = YES;
[self presentViewController:self.imagePicker
animated:YES
completion:nil];
}
}];
UIAlertAction *cancelAction = \
[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"取消"
style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel
handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
NSLog(@"取消");
}];
[alertController addAction:photoAction];
[alertController addAction:cameraAction];
[alertController addAction:cancelAction];
[self presentViewController:alertController animated:YES completion:nil];
}
#2. 如果获取视频?
从相册选择 或者 拍摄
这部分也可以用UIImagePickerController来实现
代码:
- (void)actionVideo {
UIAlertController *alertController = \
[UIAlertController alertControllerWithTitle:@""
message:@"上传视频"
preferredStyle:UIAlertControllerStyleActionSheet];
UIAlertAction *photoAction = \
[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"从视频库选择"
style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault
handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
NSLog(@"从视频库选择");
self.imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypePhotoLibrary;
self.imagePicker.mediaTypes = @[(NSString *)kUTTypeMovie];
self.imagePicker.allowsEditing = NO;
[self presentViewController:self.imagePicker animated:YES completion:nil];
}];
UIAlertAction *cameraAction = \
[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"录像"
style:UIAlertActionStyleDefault
handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
NSLog(@"录像");
self.imagePicker.sourceType = UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera;
self.imagePicker.cameraDevice = UIImagePickerControllerCameraDeviceRear;
self.imagePicker.mediaTypes = [UIImagePickerController availableMediaTypesForSourceType:UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera];
self.imagePicker.videoQuality = UIImagePickerControllerQualityType640x480;
self.imagePicker.cameraCaptureMode = UIImagePickerControllerCameraCaptureModeVideo;
self.imagePicker.allowsEditing = YES;
[self presentViewController:self.imagePicker animated:YES completion:nil];
}];
UIAlertAction *cancelAction = \
[UIAlertAction actionWithTitle:@"取消"
style:UIAlertActionStyleCancel
handler:^(UIAlertAction * _Nonnull action) {
NSLog(@"取消");
}];
[alertController addAction:photoAction];
[alertController addAction:cameraAction];
[alertController addAction:cancelAction];
[self presentViewController:alertController animated:YES completion:nil];
}
#3, 关于缓存, 如何把照片存入缓存目录?
这部分我们先考虑缓存目录, 一般存在Document 或者 Temp里面
我们给图片和视频各创建一个缓存目录:
#define PHOTOCACHEPATH [NSTemporaryDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"photoCache"]
#define VIDEOCACHEPATH [NSTemporaryDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"videoCache"]
把UIImage存入缓存的方法:
//将Image保存到缓存路径中
- (void)saveImage:(UIImage *)image toCachePath:(NSString *)path { NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
if (![fileManager fileExistsAtPath:PHOTOCACHEPATH]) { NSLog(@"路径不存在, 创建路径");
[fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:PHOTOCACHEPATH
withIntermediateDirectories:YES
attributes:nil
error:nil];
} else { NSLog(@"路径存在");
} //[UIImagePNGRepresentation(image) writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
[UIImageJPEGRepresentation(image, ) writeToFile:path atomically:YES];
}
4. 如何把视频存入缓存?
把视频存入缓存的方法:
//将视频保存到缓存路径中
- (void)saveVideoFromPath:(NSString *)videoPath toCachePath:(NSString *)path { NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
if (![fileManager fileExistsAtPath:VIDEOCACHEPATH]) { NSLog(@"路径不存在, 创建路径");
[fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:VIDEOCACHEPATH
withIntermediateDirectories:YES
attributes:nil
error:nil];
} else { NSLog(@"路径存在");
} NSError *error;
[fileManager copyItemAtPath:videoPath toPath:path error:&error];
if (error) { NSLog(@"文件保存到缓存失败");
}
}
从缓存获取图片的方法:
//从缓存路径获取照片
- (UIImage *)getImageFromPath:(NSString *)path { NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
if ([fileManager fileExistsAtPath:path]) { return [UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:path];
} return nil;
}
上传图片和视频的时候我们一般会利用当前时间给文件命名, 方法如下
//以当前时间合成图片名称
- (NSString *)getImageNameBaseCurrentTime { NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH-mm-ss"]; return [[dateFormatter stringFromDate:[NSDate date]] stringByAppendingString:@".JPG"];
} //以当前时间合成视频名称
- (NSString *)getVideoNameBaseCurrentTime { NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH-mm-ss"]; return [[dateFormatter stringFromDate:[NSDate date]] stringByAppendingString:@".MOV"];
}
有时候需要获取视频的第一帧作为显示, 方法如下:
//获取视频的第一帧截图, 返回UIImage
//需要导入AVFoundation.h
- (UIImage*) getVideoPreViewImageWithPath:(NSURL *)videoPath
{
AVURLAsset *asset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:videoPath options:nil]; AVAssetImageGenerator *gen = [[AVAssetImageGenerator alloc] initWithAsset:asset];
gen.appliesPreferredTrackTransform = YES; CMTime time = CMTimeMakeWithSeconds(0.0, );
NSError *error = nil; CMTime actualTime;
CGImageRef image = [gen copyCGImageAtTime:time actualTime:&actualTime error:&error];
UIImage *img = [[UIImage alloc] initWithCGImage:image]; return img;
}
5. 如何上传?
下面就是上传方法:
我把服务器地址xx掉了, 大家可以改为自己的
//上传图片和视频
- (void)uploadImageAndMovieBaseModel:(uploadModel *)model { //获取文件的后缀名
NSString *extension = [model.name componentsSeparatedByString:@"."].lastObject; //设置mimeType
NSString *mimeType;
if ([model.type isEqualToString:@"image"]) { mimeType = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"image/%@", extension];
} else { mimeType = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"video/%@", extension];
} //创建AFHTTPSessionManager
AFHTTPSessionManager *manager = [AFHTTPSessionManager manager]; //设置响应文件类型为JSON类型
manager.responseSerializer = [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer]; //初始化requestSerializer
manager.requestSerializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer]; manager.responseSerializer.acceptableContentTypes = nil; //设置timeout
[manager.requestSerializer setTimeoutInterval:20.0]; //设置请求头类型
[manager.requestSerializer setValue:@"form/data" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"]; //设置请求头, 授权码
[manager.requestSerializer setValue:@"YgAhCMxEehT4N/DmhKkA/M0npN3KO0X8PMrNl17+hogw944GDGpzvypteMemdWb9nlzz7mk1jBa/0fpOtxeZUA==" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Authentication"]; //上传服务器接口
NSString *url = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"http://xxxxx.xxxx.xxx.xx.x"]; //开始上传
[manager POST:url parameters:nil constructingBodyWithBlock:^(id<AFMultipartFormData> _Nonnull formData) { NSError *error;
BOOL success = [formData appendPartWithFileURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:model.path] name:model.name fileName:model.name mimeType:mimeType error:&error];
if (!success) { NSLog(@"appendPartWithFileURL error: %@", error);
}
} progress:^(NSProgress * _Nonnull uploadProgress) { NSLog(@"上传进度: %f", uploadProgress.fractionCompleted);
} success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nonnull task, id _Nullable responseObject) { NSLog(@"成功返回: %@", responseObject);
model.isUploaded = YES;
[self.uploadedArray addObject:model];
} failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask * _Nullable task, NSError * _Nonnull error) { NSLog(@"上传失败: %@", error);
model.isUploaded = NO;
}];
}
这里有事先创建两个可变数组uploadArray, uploadedArray, 一个存放准要上传的内容, 一个存放上传完的内容
在准备上传后做什么操作, 可以检查两个数组的数量是否相等
最后是UIImagePickerController的协议方法
#pragma mark - UIImagePickerDelegate methods - (void)imagePickerController:(UIImagePickerController *)picker
didFinishPickingMediaWithInfo:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)info { [picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; //获取用户选择或拍摄的是照片还是视频
NSString *mediaType = info[UIImagePickerControllerMediaType]; if ([mediaType isEqualToString:(NSString *)kUTTypeImage]) { //获取编辑后的照片
NSLog(@"获取编辑后的好片");
UIImage *tempImage = info[UIImagePickerControllerEditedImage]; //将照片存入相册
if (tempImage) { if (picker.sourceType == UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera) { //将照片存入相册
NSLog(@"将照片存入相册");
UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(tempImage, self, nil, nil);
} //获取图片名称
NSLog(@"获取图片名称");
NSString *imageName = [self getImageNameBaseCurrentTime];
NSLog(@"图片名称: %@", imageName); //将图片存入缓存
NSLog(@"将图片写入缓存");
[self saveImage:tempImage
toCachePath:[PHOTOCACHEPATH stringByAppendingPathComponent:imageName]]; //创建uploadModel
NSLog(@"创建model");
uploadModel *model = [[uploadModel alloc] init]; model.path = [PHOTOCACHEPATH stringByAppendingPathComponent:imageName];
model.name = imageName;
model.type = @"image";
model.isUploaded = NO; //将模型存入待上传数组
NSLog(@"将Model存入待上传数组");
[self.uploadArray addObject:model]; }
} else if ([mediaType isEqualToString:(NSString *)kUTTypeMovie]) { if (picker.sourceType == UIImagePickerControllerSourceTypeCamera) { //如果是拍摄的视频, 则把视频保存在系统多媒体库中
NSLog(@"video path: %@", info[UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL]); ALAssetsLibrary *library = [[ALAssetsLibrary alloc] init];
[library writeVideoAtPathToSavedPhotosAlbum:info[UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL] completionBlock:^(NSURL *assetURL, NSError *error) { if (!error) { NSLog(@"视频保存成功");
} else { NSLog(@"视频保存失败");
}
}];
} //生成视频名称
NSString *mediaName = [self getVideoNameBaseCurrentTime];
NSLog(@"mediaName: %@", mediaName); //将视频存入缓存
NSLog(@"将视频存入缓存");
[self saveVideoFromPath:info[UIImagePickerControllerMediaURL] toCachePath:[VIDEOCACHEPATH stringByAppendingPathComponent:mediaName]]; //创建uploadmodel
uploadModel *model = [[uploadModel alloc] init]; model.path = [VIDEOCACHEPATH stringByAppendingPathComponent:mediaName];
model.name = mediaName;
model.type = @"moive";
model.isUploaded = NO; //将model存入待上传数组
[self.uploadArray addObject:model];
} //[picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil]; }
- (void)imagePickerControllerDidCancel:(UIImagePickerController *)picker { [picker dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];
}