C#读取Excel五种方式的体会

参考： http://developer.51cto.com/art/201302/380622_2.htm

(1) OleDb：用这种方法读取Excel速度还是非常的快的，但这种方式读取数据的时候不太灵活，不过可以在 DataTable 中对数据进行一些删减修改

这种方式将Excel作为一个数据源，直接用Sql语句获取数据了。所以读取之前要知道此次要读取的Sheet（当然也可以用序号，类似dt.Row[0][0]。这样倒是不需要知道Sheet）
?

  
  
 
 
if (fileType == ".xls")  
   
   
  
  
   connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + fileName + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";  

   
   
  
  
else 

   
   
  
  
   connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + fileName + ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 12.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
OleDbConnection conn new OleDbConnection(connStr);  

   
   
  
  
DataTable dtSheetName = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });

以上是读取Excel的Sheet名，xls和xlsx的连接字符串也不一样的，可以根据文件的后缀来区别。这里需要注意的一点，Excel里面只有一个Sheet，但通过这种方式读取Sheet可能会大于一个。原因已经有人在别的网站说过了，偷一下懒O(∩_∩)O，下面文段来自【cdwolfling】

【在使用过程中发现取出的Sheet和实际excel不一致，会多出不少。目前总结后有两种情况：

1. 取出的名称中，包括了XL命名管理器中的名称（参见XL2007的公式--命名管理器，快捷键Crtl+F3）；

2. 取出的名称中，包括了FilterDatabase后缀的，这是XL用来记录Filter范围的，参见http://www.mrexcel.com/forum/showthread.php?t=27225；

对于第一点比较简单，删除已有命名管理器中的内容即可；第二点处理起来比较麻烦， Filter删除后这些名称依然保留着，简单的做法是新增sheet然后将原sheet Copy进去】

---------------------------------

但实际情况并不能为每个Excel做以上检查【cdwolfling】也给出了过滤的方案，当时还是有点问题，本来补充了一点。总之先看代码吧

  
  
 
 
for (int i = 0; i < dtSheetName.Rows.Count; i++)  
   
   
  
   
   
   
  
  {  
   
   
  
  ?  
   
   
  
  
SheetName = (string)dtSheetName.Rows[i]["TABLE_NAME"];  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
if (SheetName .Contains("$") && !SheetName .Replace("'", "").EndsWith("$"))continue;//过滤无效SheetName完毕....  

   
   
  
   
   
   
  
  
da.SelectCommand = new OleDbCommand(String.Format(sql_F, tblName), conn);  

   
   
  
  
DataSet dsItem = new DataSet();  

   
   
  
  da.Fill(dsItem, tblName);  
   
   
  
  ?  
   
   
  
  }

因为读取出来无效SheetName一般情况最后一个字符都不会是$。如果SheetName有一些特殊符号，读取出来的SheetName会自动加上单引号，比如在Excel中将SheetName编辑成：MySheet(1)，此时读取出来的SheetName就为：'MySheet(1)$'，所以判断最后一个字符是不是$之前最好过滤一下单引号。

优点：读取方式简单、读取速度快

缺点：除了读取过程不太灵活之外，这种读取方式还有个弊端就是，当Excel数据量很大时。会非常占用内存，当内存不够时会抛出内存溢出的异常。

不过一般情况下还是非常不错的

读取Excel完整代码：

  
  
 
 
/// <summary>  
   
   
  
  
        /// 读取Excel文件到DataSet中  

   
   
  
  
        /// </summary>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <param name="filePath">文件路径</param>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <returns></returns>  

   
   
  
  
        public static DataSet ToDataTable(string filePath)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
  
            string connStr = "";             

   
   
  
  
            string fileType = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(fileName);  

   
   
  
  
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileType)) return null;  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
            if (fileType == ".xls")  

   
   
  
  
                connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + filePath+ ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";  

   
   
  
  
            else 

   
   
  
  
                connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + filePath+ ";" + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 12.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\"";  

   
   
  
  
            string sql_F = "Select * FROM [{0}]";  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
            OleDbConnection conn = null;  

   
   
  
  
            OleDbDataAdapter da = null;  

   
   
  
  
            DataTable dtSheetName= null;  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();  

   
   
  
  
            try 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
  
                // 初始化连接，并打开  

   
   
  
  
                conn = new OleDbConnection(connStr);  

   
   
  
                  conn.Open();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                // 获取数据源的表定义元数据                         

   
   
  
  
                string SheetName = "";  

   
   
  
  
                dtSheetName= conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                // 初始化适配器  

   
   
  
  
                da = new OleDbDataAdapter();  

   
   
  
  
                for (int i = 0; i < dtSheetName.Rows.Count; i++)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
  
                    SheetName = (string)dtSheetName.Rows[i]["TABLE_NAME"];  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    if (SheetName .Contains("$") && !SheetName .Replace("'", "").EndsWith("$"))  

   
   
  
                      {  
   
   
  
  
                        continue;  

   
   
  
                      }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    da.SelectCommand = new OleDbCommand(String.Format(sql_F, SheetName ), conn);  

   
   
  
  
                    DataSet dsItem = new DataSet();  

   
   
  
                      da.Fill(dsItem, tblName);  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                      ds.Tables.Add(dsItem.Tables[0].Copy());  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            catch (Exception ex)  

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            finally 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
  
                // 关闭连接  

   
   
  
  
                if (conn.State == ConnectionState.Open)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
                      conn.Close();  
   
   
  
                      da.Dispose();  
   
   
  
                      conn.Dispose();  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            return ds;  

   
   
  
          }

(2)：Com组件的方式读取Excel

这种方式需要先引用 Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel 。首选说下这种方式的优缺点

优点：可以非常灵活的读取Excel中的数据

缺点：如果是Web站点部署在IIS上时，还需要服务器机子已安装了Excel，有时候还需要为配置IIS权限。最重要的一点因为是基于单元格方式读取的，所以数据很慢（曾做过试验，直接读取千行、200多列的文件，直接读取耗时15分钟。即使采用多线程分段读取来提高CPU的利用率也需要8分钟。PS：CPU I3）

需要读取大文件的的童鞋们慎重。。。

附上单线程和多线程读取类：

  
  
 
 
public class ExcelOptions  
   
   
  
      {  
   
   
  
  
        private Stopwatch wath = new Stopwatch();  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        /// <summary>  

   
   
  
  
        /// 使用COM读取Excel  

   
   
  
  
        /// </summary>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <param name="excelFilePath">路径</param>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <returns>DataTabel</returns>  

   
   
  
  
        public System.Data.DataTable GetExcelData(string excelFilePath)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
  
            Excel.Application app = new Excel.Application();  

   
   
  
              Excel.Sheets sheets;  
   
   
  
  
            Excel.Workbook workbook = null;  

   
   
  
  
            object oMissiong = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;  

   
   
  
  
            System.Data.DataTable dt = new System.Data.DataTable();  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
              wath.Start();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
            try 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
  
                if (app == null)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
  
                    return null;  

   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                  workbook = app.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong);  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                //将数据读入到DataTable中——Start    

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                  sheets = workbook.Worksheets;  
   
   
  
  
                Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(1);//读取第一张表  

   
   
  
  
                if (worksheet == null)  

   
   
  
  
                    return null;  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                string cellContent;  

   
   
  
  
                int iRowCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count;  

   
   
  
  
                int iColCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count;  

   
   
  
                  Excel.Range range;  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                //负责列头Start  

   
   
  
                  DataColumn dc;  
   
   
  
  
                int ColumnID = 1;  

   
   
  
                  range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, 1];  
   
   
  
  
                while (range.Text.ToString().Trim() != "")  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
  
                    dc = new DataColumn();  

   
   
  
  
                    dc.DataType = System.Type.GetType("System.String");  

   
   
  
                      dc.ColumnName = range.Text.ToString().Trim();  
   
   
  
                      dt.Columns.Add(dc);  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                      range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, ++ColumnID];  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
  
                //End  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                for (int iRow = 2; iRow <= iRowCount; iRow++)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
                      DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)  

   
   
  
                      {  
   
   
  
                          range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                        cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                        //if (iRow == 1)  

   
   
  
  
                        //{  

   
   
  
  
                        //    dt.Columns.Add(cellContent);  

   
   
  
  
                        //}  

   
   
  
  
                        //else  

   
   
  
  
                        //{  

   
   
  
                              dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;  
   
   
  
  
                        //}  

   
   
  
                      }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    //if (iRow != 1)  

   
   
  
                      dt.Rows.Add(dr);  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                  wath.Stop();  
   
   
  
                  TimeSpan ts = wath.Elapsed;  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                //将数据读入到DataTable中——End  

   
   
  
  
                return dt;  

   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            catch 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
                     
   
   
  
  
                return null;  

   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            finally 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
  
                workbook.Close(false, oMissiong, oMissiong);  

   
   
  
                  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);  
   
   
  
  
                workbook = null;  

   
   
  
                  app.Workbooks.Close();  
   
   
  
                  app.Quit();  
   
   
  
                  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);  
   
   
  
  
                app = null;  

   
   
  
                  GC.Collect();  
   
   
  
                  GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        /// <summary>  

   
   
  
  
        /// 使用COM，多线程读取Excel（1 主线程、4 副线程）  

   
   
  
  
        /// </summary>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <param name="excelFilePath">路径</param>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <returns>DataTabel</returns>  

   
   
  
  
        public System.Data.DataTable ThreadReadExcel(string excelFilePath)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
  
            Excel.Application app = new Excel.Application();  

   
   
  
  
            Excel.Sheets sheets = null;  

   
   
  
  
            Excel.Workbook workbook = null;  

   
   
  
  
            object oMissiong = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;  

   
   
  
  
            System.Data.DataTable dt = new System.Data.DataTable();  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
              wath.Start();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
            try 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
  
                if (app == null)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
  
                    return null;  

   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                  workbook = app.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong);  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                //将数据读入到DataTable中——Start    

   
   
  
                  sheets = workbook.Worksheets;  
   
   
  
  
                Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(1);//读取第一张表  

   
   
  
  
                if (worksheet == null)  

   
   
  
  
                    return null;  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                string cellContent;  

   
   
  
  
                int iRowCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Rows.Count;  

   
   
  
  
                int iColCount = worksheet.UsedRange.Columns.Count;  

   
   
  
                  Excel.Range range;  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                //负责列头Start  

   
   
  
                  DataColumn dc;  
   
   
  
  
                int ColumnID = 1;  

   
   
  
                  range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, 1];  
   
   
  
  
                //while (range.Text.ToString().Trim() != "")  

   
   
  
  
                while (iColCount >= ColumnID)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
  
                    dc = new DataColumn();  

   
   
  
  
                    dc.DataType = System.Type.GetType("System.String");  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    string strNewColumnName = range.Text.ToString().Trim();  

   
   
  
  
                    if (strNewColumnName.Length == 0) strNewColumnName = "_1";  

   
   
  
  
                    //判断列名是否重复  

   
   
  
  
                    for (int i = 1; i < ColumnID; i++)  

   
   
  
                      {  
   
   
  
  
                        if (dt.Columns[i - 1].ColumnName == strNewColumnName)  

   
   
  
  
                            strNewColumnName = strNewColumnName + "_1";  

   
   
  
                      }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                      dc.ColumnName = strNewColumnName;  
   
   
  
                      dt.Columns.Add(dc);  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                      range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[1, ++ColumnID];  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
  
                //End  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                //数据大于500条，使用多进程进行读取数据  

   
   
  
  
                if (iRowCount - 1 > 500)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
  
                    //开始多线程读取数据  

   
   
  
  
                    //新建线程  

   
   
  
  
                    int b2 = (iRowCount - 1) / 10;  

   
   
  
  
                    DataTable dt1 = new DataTable("dt1");  

   
   
  
                      dt1 = dt.Clone();  
   
   
  
  
                    SheetOptions sheet1thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, 2, b2 + 1, dt1);  

   
   
  
  
                    Thread othread1 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet1thread.SheetToDataTable));  

   
   
  
                      othread1.Start();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    //阻塞 1 毫秒，保证第一个读取 dt1  

   
   
  
                      Thread.Sleep(1);  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    DataTable dt2 = new DataTable("dt2");  

   
   
  
                      dt2 = dt.Clone();  
   
   
  
  
                    SheetOptions sheet2thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, b2 + 2, b2 * 2 + 1, dt2);  

   
   
  
  
                    Thread othread2 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet2thread.SheetToDataTable));  

   
   
  
                      othread2.Start();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    DataTable dt3 = new DataTable("dt3");  

   
   
  
                      dt3 = dt.Clone();  
   
   
  
  
                    SheetOptions sheet3thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, b2 * 2 + 2, b2 * 3 + 1, dt3);  

   
   
  
  
                    Thread othread3 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet3thread.SheetToDataTable));  

   
   
  
                      othread3.Start();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    DataTable dt4 = new DataTable("dt4");  

   
   
  
                      dt4 = dt.Clone();  
   
   
  
  
                    SheetOptions sheet4thread = new SheetOptions(worksheet, iColCount, b2 * 3 + 2, b2 * 4 + 1, dt4);  

   
   
  
  
                    Thread othread4 = new Thread(new ThreadStart(sheet4thread.SheetToDataTable));  

   
   
  
                      othread4.Start();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    //主线程读取剩余数据  

   
   
  
  
                    for (int iRow = b2 * 4 + 2; iRow <= iRowCount; iRow++)  

   
   
  
                      {  
   
   
  
                          DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();  
   
   
  
  
                        for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)  

   
   
  
                          {  
   
   
  
                              range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];  
   
   
  
  
                            cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();  

   
   
  
                              dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;  
   
   
  
                          }  
   
   
  
                          dt.Rows.Add(dr);  
   
   
  
                      }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                      othread1.Join();  
   
   
  
                      othread2.Join();  
   
   
  
                      othread3.Join();  
   
   
  
                      othread4.Join();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    //将多个线程读取出来的数据追加至 dt1 后面  

   
   
  
  
                    foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)  

   
   
  
                          dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);  
   
   
  
                      dt.Clear();  
   
   
  
                      dt.Dispose();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    foreach (DataRow dr in dt2.Rows)  

   
   
  
                          dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);  
   
   
  
                      dt2.Clear();  
   
   
  
                      dt2.Dispose();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    foreach (DataRow dr in dt3.Rows)  

   
   
  
                          dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);  
   
   
  
                      dt3.Clear();  
   
   
  
                      dt3.Dispose();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    foreach (DataRow dr in dt4.Rows)  

   
   
  
                          dt1.Rows.Add(dr.ItemArray);  
   
   
  
                      dt4.Clear();  
   
   
  
                      dt4.Dispose();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                    return dt1;  

   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
  
                else 

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
  
                    for (int iRow = 2; iRow <= iRowCount; iRow++)  

   
   
  
                      {  
   
   
  
                          DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();  
   
   
  
  
                        for (int iCol = 1; iCol <= iColCount; iCol++)  

   
   
  
                          {  
   
   
  
                              range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Cells[iRow, iCol];  
   
   
  
  
                            cellContent = (range.Value2 == null) ? "" : range.Text.ToString();  

   
   
  
                              dr[iCol - 1] = cellContent;  
   
   
  
                          }  
   
   
  
                          dt.Rows.Add(dr);  
   
   
  
                      }  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                  wath.Stop();  
   
   
  
                  TimeSpan ts = wath.Elapsed;  
   
   
  
  
                //将数据读入到DataTable中——End  

   
   
  
  
                return dt;  

   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            catch 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                return null;  

   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            finally 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
  
                workbook.Close(false, oMissiong, oMissiong);  

   
   
  
                  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);  
   
   
  
                  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(sheets);  
   
   
  
  
                workbook = null;  

   
   
  
                  app.Workbooks.Close();  
   
   
  
                  app.Quit();  
   
   
  
                  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);  
   
   
  
  
                app = null;  

   
   
  
                  GC.Collect();  
   
   
  
                  GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();  
   
   
  
                     
   
   
  
  
                /*  
   
   
  
                  object objmissing = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  Excel.ApplicationClass application = new ApplicationClass();  
   
   
  
  Excel.Workbook book = application.Workbooks.Add(objmissing);  
   
   
  
  Excel.Worksheet sheet = (Excel.Worksheet)book.Worksheets.Add（objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing);  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  //操作过程 ^&%&×&……&%&&……  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  //释放  
   
   
  
  sheet.SaveAs(path,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing,objmissing);  
   
   
  
  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject((object)sheet);  
   
   
  
  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject((object)book);  
   
   
  
  application.Quit();  
   
   
  
  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject((object)application);  
   
   
  
  System.GC.Collect();  
   
   
  
                   */ 
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        /// <summary>  

   
   
  
  
        /// 删除Excel行  

   
   
  
  
        /// </summary>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <param name="excelFilePath">Excel路径</param>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <param name="rowStart">开始行</param>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <param name="rowEnd">结束行</param>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <param name="designationRow">指定行</param>  

   
   
  
  
        /// <returns></returns>  

   
   
  
  
        public string DeleteRows(string excelFilePath, int rowStart, int rowEnd, int designationRow)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
  
            string result = "";  

   
   
  
  
            Excel.Application app = new Excel.Application();  

   
   
  
              Excel.Sheets sheets;  
   
   
  
  
            Excel.Workbook workbook = null;  

   
   
  
  
            object oMissiong = System.Reflection.Missing.Value;  

   
   
  
  
            try 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
  
                if (app == null)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
  
                    return "分段读取Excel失败";  

   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                  workbook = app.Workbooks.Open(excelFilePath, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong, oMissiong);  
   
   
  
                  sheets = workbook.Worksheets;  
   
   
  
  
                Excel.Worksheet worksheet = (Excel.Worksheet)sheets.get_Item(1);//读取第一张表  

   
   
  
  
                if (worksheet == null)  

   
   
  
  
                    return result;  

   
   
  
                  Excel.Range range;  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                //先删除指定行，一般为列描述  

   
   
  
  
                if (designationRow != -1)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
                      range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Rows[designationRow, oMissiong];  
   
   
  
                      range.Delete(Excel.XlDeleteShiftDirection.xlShiftUp);  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
  
                Stopwatch sw = new Stopwatch();  

   
   
  
                  sw.Start();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                int i = rowStart;  

   
   
  
  
                for (int iRow = rowStart; iRow <= rowEnd; iRow++, i++)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
                      range = (Excel.Range)worksheet.Rows[rowStart, oMissiong];  
   
   
  
                      range.Delete(Excel.XlDeleteShiftDirection.xlShiftUp);  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
                  sw.Stop();  
   
   
  
                  TimeSpan ts = sw.Elapsed;  
   
   
  
                  workbook.Save();  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                //将数据读入到DataTable中——End  

   
   
  
  
                return result;  

   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            catch 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                return "分段读取Excel失败";  

   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            finally 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
  
                workbook.Close(false, oMissiong, oMissiong);  

   
   
  
                  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(workbook);  
   
   
  
  
                workbook = null;  

   
   
  
                  app.Workbooks.Close();  
   
   
  
                  app.Quit();  
   
   
  
                  System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(app);  
   
   
  
  
                app = null;  

   
   
  
                  GC.Collect();  
   
   
  
                  GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        public void ToExcelSheet(DataSet ds, string fileName)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
  
            Excel.Application appExcel = new Excel.Application();  

   
   
  
  
            Excel.Workbook workbookData = null;  

   
   
  
              Excel.Worksheet worksheetData;  
   
   
  
              Excel.Range range;  
   
   
  
  
            try 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
                  workbookData = appExcel.Workbooks.Add(System.Reflection.Missing.Value);  
   
   
  
  
                appExcel.DisplayAlerts = false;//不显示警告  

   
   
  
  
                //xlApp.Visible = true;//excel是否可见  

   
   
  
  
                //  

   
   
  
  
                //for (int i = workbookData.Worksheets.Count; i > 0; i--)  

   
   
  
  
                //{  

   
   
  
  
                //    Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet oWorksheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)workbookData.Worksheets.get_Item(i);  

   
   
  
  
                //    oWorksheet.Select();  

   
   
  
  
                //    oWorksheet.Delete();  

   
   
  
  
                //}  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
                for (int k = 0; k < ds.Tables.Count; k++)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
                      worksheetData = (Excel.Worksheet)workbookData.Worksheets.Add(System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value);  
   
   
  
  
                    // testnum--;  

   
   
  
  
                    if (ds.Tables[k] != null)  

   
   
  
                      {  
   
   
  
                          worksheetData.Name = ds.Tables[k].TableName;  
   
   
  
  
                        //写入标题  

   
   
  
  
                        for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[k].Columns.Count; i++)  

   
   
  
                          {  
   
   
  
                              worksheetData.Cells[1, i + 1] = ds.Tables[k].Columns[i].ColumnName;  
   
   
  
                              range = (Excel.Range)worksheetData.Cells[1, i + 1];  
   
   
  
  
                            //range.Interior.ColorIndex = 15;  

   
   
  
  
                            range.Font.Bold = true;  

   
   
  
  
                            range.NumberFormatLocal = "@";//文本格式  

   
   
  
  
                            range.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//自动调整列宽  

   
   
  
  
                            // range.WrapText = true; //文本自动换行    

   
   
  
                              range.ColumnWidth = 15;  
   
   
  
                          }  
   
   
  
  
                        //写入数值  

   
   
  
  
                        for (int r = 0; r < ds.Tables[k].Rows.Count; r++)  

   
   
  
                          {  
   
   
  
  
                            for (int i = 0; i < ds.Tables[k].Columns.Count; i++)  

   
   
  
                              {  
   
   
  
                                  worksheetData.Cells[r + 2, i + 1] = ds.Tables[k].Rows[r][i];  
   
   
  
  
                                //Range myrange = worksheetData.get_Range(worksheetData.Cells[r + 2, i + 1], worksheetData.Cells[r + 3, i + 2]);  

   
   
  
  
                                //myrange.NumberFormatLocal = "@";//文本格式  

   
   
  
  
                                //// myrange.EntireColumn.AutoFit();//自动调整列宽  

   
   
  
  
                                ////   myrange.WrapText = true; //文本自动换行    

   
   
  
  
                                //myrange.ColumnWidth = 15;  

   
   
  
                              }  
   
   
  
  
                            //  rowRead++;  

   
   
  
  
                            //System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents();  

   
   
  
                          }  
   
   
  
                      }  
   
   
  
                      worksheetData.Columns.EntireColumn.AutoFit();  
   
   
  
  
                    workbookData.Saved = true;  

   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
  
            catch (Exception ex) { }  

   
   
  
  
            finally 

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
                  workbookData.SaveCopyAs(fileName);  
   
   
  
  
                workbookData.Close(false, System.Reflection.Missing.Value, System.Reflection.Missing.Value);  

   
   
  
                  appExcel.Quit();  
   
   
  
                  GC.Collect();  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
         
   
   
  
      }

(3)NPOI方式读取Excel，NPOI是一组开源的组件，类似Java的 POI。包括：NPOI、NPOI.HPSF、NPOI.HSSF、NPOI.HSSF.UserModel、NPOI.POIFS、NPOI.Util，下载的时候别只下一个噢

优点：读取Excel速度较快，读取方式操作灵活性

缺点：只支持03的Excel，xlsx的无法读取。由于这点，使用这种方式的人不多啊，没理由要求客户使用03版Excel吧，再说03版Excel对于行数还有限制，只支持65536行。

（听他们的开发人员说会在2012年底推出新版，支持xlsx的读取。但一直很忙没时间去关注这个事情，有兴趣的同学可以瞧瞧去）

NPOI读取Excel类：

  
  
 
 
using System;  
   
   
  
  
using System.Data;  

   
   
  
  
using System.IO;  

   
   
  
  
using System.Web;  

   
   
  
  
using NPOI;  

   
   
  
  
using NPOI.HPSF;  

   
   
  
  
using NPOI.HSSF;  

   
   
  
  
using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;  

   
   
  
  
using NPOI.POIFS;  

   
   
  
  
using NPOI.Util;  

   
   
  
  
using System.Text;  

   
   
  
  
using System.Configuration;  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
public class NPOIHelper  

   
   
  
  {  
   
   
  
  
    private static int ExcelMaxRow = Convert.ToInt32(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ExcelMaxRow"]);  

   
   
  
  
    /// <summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// 由DataSet导出Excel  

   
   
  
  
    /// </summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>     

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="sheetName">工作表名称</param>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>     

   
   
  
  
    private static Stream ExportDataSetToExcel(DataSet sourceDs)  

   
   
  
      {  
   
   
  
  
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();  

   
   
  
  
        MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        for (int i = 0; i < sourceDs.Tables.Count; i++)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
              HSSFSheet sheet = (HSSFSheet)workbook.CreateSheet(sourceDs.Tables[i].TableName);  
   
   
  
              HSSFRow headerRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(0);  
   
   
  
  
            // handling header.             

   
   
  
  
            foreach (DataColumn column in sourceDs.Tables[i].Columns)  

   
   
  
                  headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);  
   
   
  
  
            // handling value.             

   
   
  
  
            int rowIndex = 1;  

   
   
  
  
            foreach (DataRow row in sourceDs.Tables[i].Rows)  

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
                  HSSFRow dataRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);  
   
   
  
  
                foreach (DataColumn column in sourceDs.Tables[i].Columns)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
                      dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(row[column].ToString());  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
                  rowIndex++;  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
          workbook.Write(ms);  
   
   
  
          ms.Flush();  
   
   
  
          ms.Position = 0;  
   
   
  
  
        workbook = null;  

   
   
  
  
        return ms;  

   
   
  
      }  
   
   
  
  
    /// <summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// 由DataSet导出Excel  

   
   
  
  
    /// </summary>    

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="fileName">指定Excel工作表名称</param>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>     

   
   
  
  
    public static void ExportDataSetToExcel(DataSet sourceDs, string fileName)  

   
   
  
      {  
   
   
  
  
        //检查是否有Table数量超过65325  

   
   
  
  
        for (int t = 0; t < sourceDs.Tables.Count; t++)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
  
            if (sourceDs.Tables[t].Rows.Count > ExcelMaxRow)  

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
                  DataSet ds = GetdtGroup(sourceDs.Tables[t].Copy());  
   
   
  
                  sourceDs.Tables.RemoveAt(t);  
   
   
  
  
                //将得到的ds插入 sourceDs中  

   
   
  
  
                for (int g = 0; g < ds.Tables.Count; g++)  

   
   
  
                  {  
   
   
  
                      DataTable dt = ds.Tables[g].Copy();  
   
   
  
                      sourceDs.Tables.Add(dt);  
   
   
  
                  }  
   
   
  
                  t--;  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        MemoryStream ms = ExportDataSetToExcel(sourceDs) as MemoryStream;  

   
   
  
  
        HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);  

   
   
  
          HttpContext.Current.Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());  
   
   
  
          HttpContext.Current.ApplicationInstance.CompleteRequest();  
   
   
  
  
        //HttpContext.Current.Response.End();  

   
   
  
          ms.Close();  
   
   
  
  
        ms = null;  

   
   
  
      }  
   
   
  
  
    /// <summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// 由DataTable导出Excel  

   
   
  
  
    /// </summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>     

   
   
  
  
    private static Stream ExportDataTableToExcel(DataTable sourceTable)  

   
   
  
      {  
   
   
  
  
        HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();  

   
   
  
  
        MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();  

   
   
  
          HSSFSheet sheet = (HSSFSheet)workbook.CreateSheet(sourceTable.TableName);  
   
   
  
          HSSFRow headerRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(0);  
   
   
  
  
        // handling header.       

   
   
  
  
        foreach (DataColumn column in sourceTable.Columns)  

   
   
  
              headerRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(column.ColumnName);  
   
   
  
  
        // handling value.       

   
   
  
  
        int rowIndex = 1;  

   
   
  
  
        foreach (DataRow row in sourceTable.Rows)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
              HSSFRow dataRow = (HSSFRow)sheet.CreateRow(rowIndex);  
   
   
  
  
            foreach (DataColumn column in sourceTable.Columns)  

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
                  dataRow.CreateCell(column.Ordinal).SetCellValue(row[column].ToString());  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
              rowIndex++;  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
          workbook.Write(ms);  
   
   
  
          ms.Flush();  
   
   
  
          ms.Position = 0;  
   
   
  
  
        sheet = null;  

   
   
  
  
        headerRow = null;  

   
   
  
  
        workbook = null;  

   
   
  
  
        return ms;  

   
   
  
      }  
   
   
  
  
    /// <summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// 由DataTable导出Excel  

   
   
  
  
    /// </summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="fileName">指定Excel工作表名称</param>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>  

   
   
  
  
    public static void ExportDataTableToExcel(DataTable sourceTable, string fileName)  

   
   
  
      {  
   
   
  
  
        //如数据超过65325则分成多个Table导出  

   
   
  
  
        if (sourceTable.Rows.Count > ExcelMaxRow)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
              DataSet ds = GetdtGroup(sourceTable);  
   
   
  
  
            //导出DataSet  

   
   
  
              ExportDataSetToExcel(ds, fileName);  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
  
        else 

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
  
            MemoryStream ms = ExportDataTableToExcel(sourceTable) as MemoryStream;  

   
   
  
  
            HttpContext.Current.Response.AppendHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName);  

   
   
  
              HttpContext.Current.Response.BinaryWrite(ms.ToArray());  
   
   
  
              HttpContext.Current.ApplicationInstance.CompleteRequest();  
   
   
  
  
            //HttpContext.Current.Response.End();  

   
   
  
              ms.Close();  
   
   
  
  
            ms = null;  

   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
      }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
    /// <summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// 传入行数超过65325的Table，返回DataSet  

   
   
  
  
    /// </summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="dt"></param>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <returns></returns>  

   
   
  
  
    public static DataSet GetdtGroup(DataTable dt)  

   
   
  
      {  
   
   
  
  
        string tablename = dt.TableName;  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        DataSet ds = new DataSet();  

   
   
  
          ds.Tables.Add(dt);  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        double n = dt.Rows.Count / Convert.ToDouble(ExcelMaxRow);  

   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        //创建表  

   
   
  
  
        for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
              DataTable dtAdd = dt.Clone();  
   
   
  
  
            dtAdd.TableName = tablename + "_" + i.ToString();  

   
   
  
              ds.Tables.Add(dtAdd);  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        //分解数据  

   
   
  
  
        for (int i = 1; i < ds.Tables.Count; i++)  

   
   
  
          {  
   
   
  
  
            //新表行数达到最大 或 基表数量不足  

   
   
  
  
            while (ds.Tables[i].Rows.Count != ExcelMaxRow && ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count != ExcelMaxRow)  

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
                  ds.Tables[i].Rows.Add(ds.Tables[0].Rows[ExcelMaxRow].ItemArray);  
   
   
  
                  ds.Tables[0].Rows.RemoveAt(ExcelMaxRow);  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
        return ds;  

   
   
  
      }  
   
   
  
     
   
   
  
  
    /// <summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// 由DataTable导出Excel  

   
   
  
  
    /// </summary>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="sourceTable">要导出数据的DataTable</param>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <param name="fileName">指定Excel工作表名称</param>  

   
   
  
  
    /// <returns>Excel工作表</returns>  

   
   
  
  
    public static void ExportDataTableToExcelModel(DataTable sourceTable, string modelpath, string modelName, string fileName, string sheetName)  

   
   
  
      {  
   
   
  
  
        int rowIndex = 2;//从第二行开始，因为前两行是模板里面的内容  

   
   
  
  
        int colIndex = 0;  

   
   
  
  
        FileStream file = new FileStream(modelpath + modelName + ".xls", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);//读入excel模板  

   
   
  
  
        HSSFWorkbook hssfworkbook = new HSSFWorkbook(file);  

   
   
  
  
        HSSFSheet sheet1 = (HSSFSheet)hssfworkbook.GetSheet("Sheet1");  

   
   
  
  
        sheet1.GetRow(0).GetCell(0).SetCellValue("excelTitle");      //设置表头  

   
   
  
  
        foreach (DataRow row in sourceTable.Rows)  

   
   
  
  
        {   //双循环写入sourceTable中的数据  

   
   
  
              rowIndex++;  
   
   
  
              colIndex = 0;  
   
   
  
              HSSFRow xlsrow = (HSSFRow)sheet1.CreateRow(rowIndex);  
   
   
  
  
            foreach (DataColumn col in sourceTable.Columns)  

   
   
  
              {  
   
   
  
                  xlsrow.CreateCell(colIndex).SetCellValue(row[col.ColumnName].ToString());  
   
   
  
                  colIndex++;  
   
   
  
              }  
   
   
  
          }  
   
   
  
  
        sheet1.ForceFormulaRecalculation = true;  

   
   
  
  
        FileStream fileS = new FileStream(modelpath + fileName + ".xls", FileMode.Create);//保存  

   
   
  
          hssfworkbook.Write(fileS);  
   
   
  
          fileS.Close();  
   
   
  
          file.Close();  
   
   
  
      }  
   
   
  
  }

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