使用JUnit4测试Spring

Spring环境下的JUnit4测试

1，下载所需jar包：

spring-test-3.2.0.RELEASE.jar

junit-4.11.jar

commons-dbcp-1.4.jar

 

2，配置Spring数据源：

spring-dao-test.xml

因为测试用例不是运行在Server环境下，不方便通过JNDI取得数据源，所以只能在Spring中自行配置，暂用DBCP（实际开发中建议不用DBCP，有BUG）：

<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close">
	<property name="driverClassName" value="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" />
	<property name="url" value="jdbc:oracle:thin:@192.168.1.2:1523:test" />
	<property name="username" value="test" />
	<property name="password" value="test" />    
</bean>

 

3，测试DAO

SpringTest.java

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Ignore;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;


@Transactional
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "txManager", defaultRollback = true)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:spring-dao-test.xml","classpath:spring-service-test.xml"})
public class SpringTest
{
	@Resource(name="testDao")
	private TestDao testDao;

	@Before
	public void setUp() throws Exception
	{
	}

	@Test
	public void testMyDao()
	{
		try
		{
			testDao.doSomething();
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			fail("Test failed!");
		}
	}

	@Ignore
	public void testOtherSpringObject()
	{
		fail("Not yet implemented");
	}
}

 

4，测试Spring的Controller

（1）测试用例代码CreateProductControllerTest.java

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.http.HttpMethod;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;


@Transactional
@TransactionConfiguration(transactionManager = "txManager", defaultRollback = true)
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:spring-servlet.xml", "classpath:spring-dao-test.xml", "classpath:spring-service-test.xml"})
public class CreateProductControllerTest
{
	@Resource(name="/createProduct.htm")
	CreateProductController createProductController;

	private MockHttpServletRequest request;
  private MockHttpServletResponse response;

    @Before
    public void before()
    {
        request = new MockHttpServletRequest();
        response = new MockHttpServletResponse();
        request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
    }

    @Test
	public void testToSearchPage()
	{
		//request.setRequestURI("createProduct.htm");
		//request.setMethod(HttpMethod.POST.name());

		ModelAndView mv = null;
		try
		{
			mv = createProductController.toSearchPage(request, response);
		}
		catch (Exception e)
		{
			e.printStackTrace();
			fail("testToSearchPage failed!");
		}

		assertNotNull(mv);
		assertEquals(response.getStatus(), 200);
	}
}

 

5，注意被测试对象在Spring中不能配置AOP切面代理，否则注入到TestCase时，会产生类型不匹配的异常。因为被代理后的类型发生了变化，注入到TestCase中时，与原始的类型有区别。

另外，运行TestCase时，可能需要加上两个jvm参数：

-Djavax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory=com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.DocumentBuilderFactoryImpl
-Djavax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory=com.sun.org.apache.xerces.internal.jaxp.SAXParserFactoryImpl