我们继续分析TreeMap的源码
1.TreeMap源码分析（续）
1. 存取方法
TreeMap中的存取方法本质上就是对红黑树的插入和删除操作，从源码里体现的更为明显，其实就是对红黑树的插入和删除（可以参考：红黑树），下面简单看下源码：
/*************************** put和remove **********************************/理解了红黑树，这里的源码基本没啥好看的……因为是一回事！其他的方法我就放到源码里了，这里也不赘述了。到最后我们再看一下TreeMap的遍历方式。下面要耐住性子，因为TreeMap的源码很多……
//将key-value对添加到TreeMap中，理解TreeMap的前提是理解红黑树
//因为和红黑树中的添加基本一样
public V put(K key, V value) {
Entry<K,V> t = root;
if (t == null) { //若红黑树为空，直接添加根节点
compare(key, key); // type (and possibly null) check
root = new Entry<>(key, value, null);
size = 1;
modCount++;
return null;
}
int cmp;
Entry<K,V> parent;
//在红黑树中找到插入的位置
Comparator<? super K> cpr = comparator;
if (cpr != null) {
do {
parent = t;
cmp = cpr.compare(key, t.key);
if (cmp < 0)
t = t.left;
else if (cmp > 0)
t = t.right;
else
return t.setValue(value);
} while (t != null);
}
else {
if (key == null)
throw new NullPointerException();
Comparable<? super K> k = (Comparable<? super K>) key;
do {
parent = t;
cmp = k.compareTo(t.key);
if (cmp < 0)
t = t.left;
else if (cmp > 0)
t = t.right;
else
return t.setValue(value);
} while (t != null);
}
//新建红黑树的节点e
Entry<K,V> e = new Entry<>(key, value, parent);
if (cmp < 0)
parent.left = e;
else
parent.right = e;
fixAfterInsertion(e);//插入新节点后，要重新修复红黑树的特性
size++;
modCount++;
return null;
}
//插入新节点后的修正操作，保证红黑树的平衡性
//跟红黑树中的修正方式一样的
private void fixAfterInsertion(Entry<K,V> x) {
x.color = RED;
while (x != null && x != root && x.parent.color == RED) {
if (parentOf(x) == leftOf(parentOf(parentOf(x)))) {
Entry<K,V> y = rightOf(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
if (colorOf(y) == RED) {
setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
setColor(y, BLACK);
setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
x = parentOf(parentOf(x));
} else {
if (x == rightOf(parentOf(x))) {
x = parentOf(x);
rotateLeft(x);
}
setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
rotateRight(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
}
} else {
Entry<K,V> y = leftOf(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
if (colorOf(y) == RED) {
setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
setColor(y, BLACK);
setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
x = parentOf(parentOf(x));
} else {
if (x == leftOf(parentOf(x))) {
x = parentOf(x);
rotateRight(x);
}
setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
setColor(parentOf(parentOf(x)), RED);
rotateLeft(parentOf(parentOf(x)));
}
}
}
root.color = BLACK;
}
//左旋操作
private void rotateLeft(Entry<K,V> p) {
if (p != null) {
Entry<K,V> r = p.right;
p.right = r.left;
if (r.left != null)
r.left.parent = p;
r.parent = p.parent;
if (p.parent == null)
root = r;
else if (p.parent.left == p)
p.parent.left = r;
else
p.parent.right = r;
r.left = p;
p.parent = r;
}
}
//右旋操作
private void rotateRight(Entry<K,V> p) {
if (p != null) {
Entry<K,V> l = p.left;
p.left = l.right;
if (l.right != null) l.right.parent = p;
l.parent = p.parent;
if (p.parent == null)
root = l;
else if (p.parent.right == p)
p.parent.right = l;
else p.parent.left = l;
l.right = p;
p.parent = l;
}
}
//删除指定key的Entry
public V remove(Object key) {
Entry<K,V> p = getEntry(key);
if (p == null)
return null;
V oldValue = p.value;
deleteEntry(p);
return oldValue;
}
private void deleteEntry(Entry<K,V> p) {
modCount++;
size--;
// If strictly internal, copy successor's element to p and then make p
// point to successor.
if (p.left != null && p.right != null) {
Entry<K,V> s = successor(p);
p.key = s.key;
p.value = s.value;
p = s;
} // p has 2 children
// Start fixup at replacement node, if it exists.
Entry<K,V> replacement = (p.left != null ? p.left : p.right);
if (replacement != null) {
// Link replacement to parent
replacement.parent = p.parent;
if (p.parent == null)
root = replacement;
else if (p == p.parent.left)
p.parent.left = replacement;
else
p.parent.right = replacement;
// Null out links so they are OK to use by fixAfterDeletion.
p.left = p.right = p.parent = null;
// Fix replacement
if (p.color == BLACK)
fixAfterDeletion(replacement);
} else if (p.parent == null) { // return if we are the only node.
root = null;
} else { // No children. Use self as phantom replacement and unlink.
if (p.color == BLACK)
fixAfterDeletion(p);
if (p.parent != null) {
if (p == p.parent.left)
p.parent.left = null;
else if (p == p.parent.right)
p.parent.right = null;
p.parent = null;
}
}
}
//删除后的修复，与红黑树一样
private void fixAfterDeletion(Entry<K,V> x) {
while (x != root && colorOf(x) == BLACK) {
if (x == leftOf(parentOf(x))) {
Entry<K,V> sib = rightOf(parentOf(x));
if (colorOf(sib) == RED) {
setColor(sib, BLACK);
setColor(parentOf(x), RED);
rotateLeft(parentOf(x));
sib = rightOf(parentOf(x));
}
if (colorOf(leftOf(sib)) == BLACK &&
colorOf(rightOf(sib)) == BLACK) {
setColor(sib, RED);
x = parentOf(x);
} else {
if (colorOf(rightOf(sib)) == BLACK) {
setColor(leftOf(sib), BLACK);
setColor(sib, RED);
rotateRight(sib);
sib = rightOf(parentOf(x));
}
setColor(sib, colorOf(parentOf(x)));
setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
setColor(rightOf(sib), BLACK);
rotateLeft(parentOf(x));
x = root;
}
} else { // symmetric
Entry<K,V> sib = leftOf(parentOf(x));
if (colorOf(sib) == RED) {
setColor(sib, BLACK);
setColor(parentOf(x), RED);
rotateRight(parentOf(x));
sib = leftOf(parentOf(x));
}
if (colorOf(rightOf(sib)) == BLACK &&
colorOf(leftOf(sib)) == BLACK) {
setColor(sib, RED);
x = parentOf(x);
} else {
if (colorOf(leftOf(sib)) == BLACK) {
setColor(rightOf(sib), BLACK);
setColor(sib, RED);
rotateLeft(sib);
sib = leftOf(parentOf(x));
}
setColor(sib, colorOf(parentOf(x)));
setColor(parentOf(x), BLACK);
setColor(leftOf(sib), BLACK);
rotateRight(parentOf(x));
x = root;
}
}
}
setColor(x, BLACK);
}
1.2 其他方法
public int size() {
return size;
}
//返回TreeMap中是否包含“键(key)”
public boolean containsKey(Object key) {
return getEntry(key) != null;
}
//返回TreeMap中是否包含"值(value)"
public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
//从最小的节点开始找
for (Entry<K,V> e = getFirstEntry(); e != null; e = successor(e))
if (valEquals(value, e.value))
return true;
return false;
}
// 获取“键(key)”对应的“值(value)”
public V get(Object key) {
Entry<K,V> p = getEntry(key);
return (p==null ? null : p.value);
}
public Comparator<? super K> comparator() {
return comparator;
}
// 获取第一个节点对应的key
public K firstKey() {
return key(getFirstEntry());
}
// 获取最后一个节点对应的key
public K lastKey() {
return key(getLastEntry());
}
// 返回不大于key的最大的键值对所对应的KEY，没有的话返回null
public K floorKey(K key) {
return keyOrNull(getFloorEntry(key));
}
// 返回不小于key的最小的键值对所对应的KEY，没有的话返回null
public K ceilingKey(K key) {
return keyOrNull(getCeilingEntry(key));
}
// 返回小于key的最大的键值对所对应的KEY，没有的话返回null
public K lowerKey(K key) {
return keyOrNull(getLowerEntry(key));
}
// 返回大于key的最小的键值对所对应的KEY，没有的话返回null
public K higherKey(K key) {
return keyOrNull(getHigherEntry(key));
}
//TreeMap的红黑树节点对应的集合
private transient EntrySet entrySet = null;
//navigableKeySet为KeySet导航类
private transient KeySet<K> navigableKeySet = null;
//descendingMap为键值对的倒序“映射”
private transient NavigableMap<K,V> descendingMap = null;
// 返回TreeMap的“键的集合”
public Set<K> keySet() {
return navigableKeySet();
}
// 获取“可导航”的Key的集合
// 实际上是返回KeySet类的对象。
public NavigableSet<K> navigableKeySet() {
KeySet<K> nks = navigableKeySet;
return (nks != null) ? nks : (navigableKeySet = new KeySet(this));
}
// 获取TreeMap的降序的key的集合
public NavigableSet<K> descendingKeySet() {
return descendingMap().navigableKeySet();
}
// 获取TreeMap的降序Map
// 实际上是返回DescendingSubMap类的对象
public NavigableMap<K, V> descendingMap() {
NavigableMap<K, V> km = descendingMap;
return (km != null) ? km :
(descendingMap = new DescendingSubMap(this,
true, null, true,
true, null, true));
}
// 返回“TreeMap的值对应的集合”
public Collection<V> values() {
Collection<V> vs = values;
return (vs != null) ? vs : (values = new Values());
}
// ”TreeMap的值的集合“对应的类，它继承于AbstractCollection
class Values extends AbstractCollection<V> {
public Iterator<V> iterator() {
return new ValueIterator(getFirstEntry());
}
public int size() {
return TreeMap.this.size();
}
public boolean contains(Object o) {
return TreeMap.this.containsValue(o);
}
public boolean remove(Object o) {
for (Entry<K,V> e = getFirstEntry(); e != null; e = successor(e)) {
if (valEquals(e.getValue(), o)) {
deleteEntry(e);
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
public void clear() {
TreeMap.this.clear();
}
}
// 获取TreeMap的Entry的集合，实际上是返回EntrySet类的对象。
public Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet() {
EntrySet es = entrySet;
return (es != null) ? es : (entrySet = new EntrySet());
}
// EntrySet是“TreeMap的所有键值对组成的集合”，
// EntrySet集合的单位是单个“键值对”。
class EntrySet extends AbstractSet<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
public Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> iterator() {
return new EntryIterator(getFirstEntry());
}
public boolean contains(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
return false;
Map.Entry<K,V> entry = (Map.Entry<K,V>) o;
V value = entry.getValue();
Entry<K,V> p = getEntry(entry.getKey());
return p != null && valEquals(p.getValue(), value);
}
public boolean remove(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
return false;
Map.Entry<K,V> entry = (Map.Entry<K,V>) o;
V value = entry.getValue();
Entry<K,V> p = getEntry(entry.getKey());
if (p != null && valEquals(p.getValue(), value)) {
deleteEntry(p);
return true;
}
return false;
}
public int size() {
return TreeMap.this.size();
}
public void clear() {
TreeMap.this.clear();
}
}
// 获取TreeMap的子Map
// 范围是从fromKey 到 toKey；fromInclusive是是否包含fromKey的标记，toInclusive是是否包含toKey的标记
public NavigableMap<K,V> subMap(K fromKey, boolean fromInclusive,
K toKey, boolean toInclusive) {
return new AscendingSubMap(this,
false, fromKey, fromInclusive,
false, toKey, toInclusive);
}
// 获取“Map的头部”
// 范围从第一个节点 到 toKey, inclusive是是否包含toKey的标记
public NavigableMap<K,V> headMap(K toKey, boolean inclusive) {
return new AscendingSubMap(this,
true, null, true,
false, toKey, inclusive);
}
// 获取“Map的尾部”。
// 范围是从 fromKey 到 最后一个节点，inclusive是是否包含fromKey的标记
public NavigableMap<K,V> tailMap(K fromKey, boolean inclusive) {
return new AscendingSubMap(this,
false, fromKey, inclusive,
true, null, true);
}
// 获取“子Map”。
// 范围是从fromKey(包括) 到 toKey(不包括)
public SortedMap<K,V> subMap(K fromKey, K toKey) {
return subMap(fromKey, true, toKey, false);
}
// 获取“Map的头部”。
// 范围从第一个节点 到 toKey(不包括)
public SortedMap<K,V> headMap(K toKey) {
return headMap(toKey, false);
}
// 获取“Map的尾部”。
// 范围是从 fromKey(包括) 到 最后一个节点
public SortedMap<K,V> tailMap(K fromKey) {
return tailMap(fromKey, true);
}
//返回“TreeMap的KEY组成的迭代器(顺序)”
Iterator<K> keyIterator() {
return new KeyIterator(getFirstEntry());
}
// 返回“TreeMap的KEY组成的迭代器(逆序)”
Iterator<K> descendingKeyIterator() {
return new DescendingKeyIterator(getLastEntry());
}
// KeySet是“TreeMap中所有的KEY组成的集合”
// KeySet继承于AbstractSet，而且实现了NavigableSet接口。
static final class KeySet<E> extends AbstractSet<E> implements NavigableSet<E> {
private final NavigableMap<E, Object> m;
KeySet(NavigableMap<E,Object> map) { m = map; }
//升序迭代器
public Iterator<E> iterator() {
// 若是TreeMap对象，则调用TreeMap的迭代器keyIterator()
// 否则，调用TreeMap子类NavigableSubMap的迭代器keyIterator()
if (m instanceof TreeMap)
return ((TreeMap<E,Object>)m).keyIterator();
else
return (Iterator<E>)(((TreeMap.NavigableSubMap)m).keyIterator());
}
//降序迭代器
public Iterator<E> descendingIterator() {
// 若是TreeMap对象，则调用TreeMap的迭代器descendingKeyIterator()
// 否则，调用TreeMap子类NavigableSubMap的迭代器descendingKeyIterator()
if (m instanceof TreeMap)
return ((TreeMap<E,Object>)m).descendingKeyIterator();
else
return (Iterator<E>)(((TreeMap.NavigableSubMap)m).descendingKeyIterator());
}
public int size() { return m.size(); }
public boolean isEmpty() { return m.isEmpty(); }
public boolean contains(Object o) { return m.containsKey(o); }
public void clear() { m.clear(); }
public E lower(E e) { return m.lowerKey(e); }
public E floor(E e) { return m.floorKey(e); }
public E ceiling(E e) { return m.ceilingKey(e); }
public E higher(E e) { return m.higherKey(e); }
public E first() { return m.firstKey(); }
public E last() { return m.lastKey(); }
public Comparator<? super E> comparator() { return m.comparator(); }
public E pollFirst() {
Map.Entry<E,Object> e = m.pollFirstEntry();
return (e == null) ? null : e.getKey();
}
public E pollLast() {
Map.Entry<E,Object> e = m.pollLastEntry();
return (e == null) ? null : e.getKey();
}
public boolean remove(Object o) {
int oldSize = size();
m.remove(o);
return size() != oldSize;
}
public NavigableSet<E> subSet(E fromElement, boolean fromInclusive,
E toElement, boolean toInclusive) {
return new KeySet<>(m.subMap(fromElement, fromInclusive,
toElement, toInclusive));
}
public NavigableSet<E> headSet(E toElement, boolean inclusive) {
return new KeySet<>(m.headMap(toElement, inclusive));
}
public NavigableSet<E> tailSet(E fromElement, boolean inclusive) {
return new KeySet<>(m.tailMap(fromElement, inclusive));
}
public SortedSet<E> subSet(E fromElement, E toElement) {
return subSet(fromElement, true, toElement, false);
}
public SortedSet<E> headSet(E toElement) {
return headSet(toElement, false);
}
public SortedSet<E> tailSet(E fromElement) {
return tailSet(fromElement, true);
}
public NavigableSet<E> descendingSet() {
return new KeySet(m.descendingMap());
}
}
/// 它是TreeMap中的一个抽象迭代器，实现了一些通用的接口。
abstract class PrivateEntryIterator<T> implements Iterator<T> {
Entry<K,V> next;
Entry<K,V> lastReturned;
int expectedModCount;
PrivateEntryIterator(Entry<K,V> first) {
expectedModCount = modCount;
lastReturned = null;
next = first;
}
public final boolean hasNext() {
return next != null;
}
final Entry<K,V> nextEntry() {
Entry<K,V> e = next;
if (e == null)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
next = successor(e);
lastReturned = e;
return e;
}
final Entry<K,V> prevEntry() {
Entry<K,V> e = next;
if (e == null)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
next = predecessor(e);
lastReturned = e;
return e;
}
public void remove() {
if (lastReturned == null)
throw new IllegalStateException();
if (modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
// 这里重点强调一下“为什么当lastReturned的左右孩子都不为空时，要将其赋值给next”。
// 目的是为了“删除lastReturned节点之后，next节点指向的仍然是下一个节点”。
// 根据“红黑树”的特性可知：
// 当被删除节点有两个儿子时。那么，首先把“它的后继节点的内容”复制给“该节点的内容”；之后，删除“它的后继节点”。
// 这意味着“当被删除节点有两个儿子时，删除当前节点之后，'新的当前节点'实际上是‘原有的后继节点(即下一个节点)’”。
// 而此时next仍然指向"新的当前节点"。也就是说next是仍然是指向下一个节点；能继续遍历红黑树。
if (lastReturned.left != null && lastReturned.right != null)
next = lastReturned;
deleteEntry(lastReturned);
expectedModCount = modCount;
lastReturned = null;
}
}
// TreeMap的Entry对应的迭代器
final class EntryIterator extends PrivateEntryIterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
EntryIterator(Entry<K,V> first) {
super(first);
}
public Map.Entry<K,V> next() {
return nextEntry();
}
}
// TreeMap的Value对应的迭代器
final class ValueIterator extends PrivateEntryIterator<V> {
ValueIterator(Entry<K,V> first) {
super(first);
}
public V next() {
return nextEntry().value;
}
}
// reeMap的KEY组成的迭代器(顺序)
final class KeyIterator extends PrivateEntryIterator<K> {
KeyIterator(Entry<K,V> first) {
super(first);
}
public K next() {
return nextEntry().key;
}
}
// TreeMap的KEY组成的迭代器(逆序)
final class DescendingKeyIterator extends PrivateEntryIterator<K> {
DescendingKeyIterator(Entry<K,V> first) {
super(first);
}
public K next() {
return prevEntry().key;
}
}
// 比较两个对象的大小
final int compare(Object k1, Object k2) {
return comparator==null ? ((Comparable<? super K>)k1).compareTo((K)k2)
: comparator.compare((K)k1, (K)k2);
}
// 判断两个对象是否相等
static final boolean valEquals(Object o1, Object o2) {
return (o1==null ? o2==null : o1.equals(o2));
}
// 返回“Key-Value键值对”的一个简单拷贝(AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry<K,V>对象)
// 可用来读取“键值对”的值
static <K,V> Map.Entry<K,V> exportEntry(TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e) {
return (e == null) ? null :
new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry<>(e);
}
// 若“键值对”不为null，则返回KEY；否则，返回null
static <K,V> K keyOrNull(TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e) {
return (e == null) ? null : e.key;
}
// 若“键值对”不为null，则返回KEY；否则，抛出异常
static <K> K key(Entry<K,?> e) {
if (e==null)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
return e.key;
}
private static final Object UNBOUNDED = new Object();
// TreeMap的SubMap，它一个抽象类，实现了公共操作。
// 它包括了"(升序)AscendingSubMap"和"(降序)DescendingSubMap"两个子类。
abstract static class NavigableSubMap<K,V> extends AbstractMap<K,V>
implements NavigableMap<K,V>, java.io.Serializable {
// TreeMap的拷贝
final TreeMap<K,V> m;
// lo是“子Map范围的最小值”，hi是“子Map范围的最大值”；
// loInclusive是“是否包含lo的标记”，hiInclusive是“是否包含hi的标记”
// fromStart是“表示是否从第一个节点开始计算”，
// toEnd是“表示是否计算到最后一个节点
final K lo, hi;
final boolean fromStart, toEnd;
final boolean loInclusive, hiInclusive;
NavigableSubMap(TreeMap<K,V> m,
boolean fromStart, K lo, boolean loInclusive,
boolean toEnd, K hi, boolean hiInclusive) {
if (!fromStart && !toEnd) {
if (m.compare(lo, hi) > 0)
throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromKey > toKey");
} else {
if (!fromStart) // type check
m.compare(lo, lo);
if (!toEnd)
m.compare(hi, hi);
}
this.m = m;
this.fromStart = fromStart;
this.lo = lo;
this.loInclusive = loInclusive;
this.toEnd = toEnd;
this.hi = hi;
this.hiInclusive = hiInclusive;
}
// 判断key是否太小
final boolean tooLow(Object key) {
// 若该SubMap不包括“起始节点”，
// 并且，“key小于最小键(lo)”或者“key等于最小键(lo)，但最小键却没包括在该SubMap内”
// 则判断key太小。其余情况都不是太小！
if (!fromStart) {
int c = m.compare(key, lo);
if (c < 0 || (c == 0 && !loInclusive))
return true;
}
return false;
}
// 判断key是否太大
final boolean tooHigh(Object key) {
// 若该SubMap不包括“结束节点”，
// 并且，“key大于最大键(hi)”或者“key等于最大键(hi)，但最大键却没包括在该SubMap内”
// 则判断key太大。其余情况都不是太大！
if (!toEnd) {
int c = m.compare(key, hi);
if (c > 0 || (c == 0 && !hiInclusive))
return true;
}
return false;
}
// 判断key是否在“lo和hi”开区间范围内
final boolean inRange(Object key) {
return !tooLow(key) && !tooHigh(key);
}
// 判断key是否在封闭区间内
final boolean inClosedRange(Object key) {
return (fromStart || m.compare(key, lo) >= 0)
&& (toEnd || m.compare(hi, key) >= 0);
}
// 判断key是否在区间内, inclusive是区间开关标志
final boolean inRange(Object key, boolean inclusive) {
return inclusive ? inRange(key) : inClosedRange(key);
}
// 返回最低的Entry
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> absLowest() {
// 若“包含起始节点”，则调用getFirstEntry()返回第一个节点
// 否则的话，若包括lo，则调用getCeilingEntry(lo)获取大于/等于lo的最小的Entry;
// 否则，调用getHigherEntry(lo)获取大于lo的最小Entry
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e =
(fromStart ? m.getFirstEntry() :
(loInclusive ? m.getCeilingEntry(lo) :
m.getHigherEntry(lo)));
return (e == null || tooHigh(e.key)) ? null : e;
}
// 返回最高的Entry
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> absHighest() {
// 若“包含结束节点”，则调用getLastEntry()返回最后一个节点
// 否则的话，若包括hi，则调用getFloorEntry(hi)获取小于/等于hi的最大的Entry;
// 否则，调用getLowerEntry(hi)获取大于hi的最大Entry
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e =
(toEnd ? m.getLastEntry() :
(hiInclusive ? m.getFloorEntry(hi) :
m.getLowerEntry(hi)));
return (e == null || tooLow(e.key)) ? null : e;
}
// 返回"大于/等于key的最小的Entry"
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> absCeiling(K key) {
// 只有在“key太小”的情况下，absLowest()返回的Entry才是“大于/等于key的最小Entry”
// 其它情况下不行。例如，当包含“起始节点”时，absLowest()返回的是最小Entry了！
if (tooLow(key))
return absLowest();
// 获取“大于/等于key的最小Entry”
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e = m.getCeilingEntry(key);
return (e == null || tooHigh(e.key)) ? null : e;
}
// 返回"大于key的最小的Entry"
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> absHigher(K key) {
// 只有在“key太小”的情况下，absLowest()返回的Entry才是“大于key的最小Entry”
// 其它情况下不行。例如，当包含“起始节点”时，absLowest()返回的是最小Entry了,而不一定是“大于key的最小Entry”！
if (tooLow(key))
return absLowest();
// 获取“大于key的最小Entry”
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e = m.getHigherEntry(key);
return (e == null || tooHigh(e.key)) ? null : e;
}
// 返回"小于/等于key的最大的Entry"
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> absFloor(K key) {
// 只有在“key太大”的情况下，(absHighest)返回的Entry才是“小于/等于key的最大Entry”
// 其它情况下不行。例如，当包含“结束节点”时，absHighest()返回的是最大Entry了！
if (tooHigh(key))
return absHighest();
// 获取"小于/等于key的最大的Entry"
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e = m.getFloorEntry(key);
return (e == null || tooLow(e.key)) ? null : e;
}
// 返回"小于key的最大的Entry"
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> absLower(K key) {
// 只有在“key太大”的情况下，(absHighest)返回的Entry才是“小于key的最大Entry”
// 其它情况下不行。例如，当包含“结束节点”时，absHighest()返回的是最大Entry了,而不一定是“小于key的最大Entry”！
if (tooHigh(key))
return absHighest();
// 获取"小于key的最大的Entry"
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e = m.getLowerEntry(key);
return (e == null || tooLow(e.key)) ? null : e;
}
// 返回“大于最大节点中的最小节点”，不存在的话，返回null
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> absHighFence() {
return (toEnd ? null : (hiInclusive ?
m.getHigherEntry(hi) :
m.getCeilingEntry(hi)));
}
// 返回“小于最小节点中的最大节点”，不存在的话，返回null
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> absLowFence() {
return (fromStart ? null : (loInclusive ?
m.getLowerEntry(lo) :
m.getFloorEntry(lo)));
}
// 下面几个abstract方法是需要NavigableSubMap的实现类实现的方法
abstract TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subLowest();
abstract TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subHighest();
abstract TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subCeiling(K key);
abstract TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subHigher(K key);
abstract TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subFloor(K key);
abstract TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subLower(K key);
// 返回“顺序”的键迭代器
abstract Iterator<K> keyIterator();
// 返回“逆序”的键迭代器
abstract Iterator<K> descendingKeyIterator();
// 返回SubMap是否为空。空的话，返回true，否则返回false
public boolean isEmpty() {
return (fromStart && toEnd) ? m.isEmpty() : entrySet().isEmpty();
}
// 返回SubMap的大小
public int size() {
return (fromStart && toEnd) ? m.size() : entrySet().size();
}
// 返回SubMap是否包含键key
public final boolean containsKey(Object key) {
return inRange(key) && m.containsKey(key);
}
// 将key-value 插入SubMap中
public final V put(K key, V value) {
if (!inRange(key))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("key out of range");
return m.put(key, value);
}
// 获取key对应值
public final V get(Object key) {
return !inRange(key) ? null : m.get(key);
}
// 删除key对应的键值对
public final V remove(Object key) {
return !inRange(key) ? null : m.remove(key);
}
// 获取“大于/等于key的最小键值对”
public final Map.Entry<K,V> ceilingEntry(K key) {
return exportEntry(subCeiling(key));
}
// 获取“大于/等于key的最小键”
public final K ceilingKey(K key) {
return keyOrNull(subCeiling(key));
}
// 获取“大于key的最小键值对”
public final Map.Entry<K,V> higherEntry(K key) {
return exportEntry(subHigher(key));
}
// 获取“大于key的最小键”
public final K higherKey(K key) {
return keyOrNull(subHigher(key));
}
// 获取“小于/等于key的最大键值对”
public final Map.Entry<K,V> floorEntry(K key) {
return exportEntry(subFloor(key));
}
// 获取“小于/等于key的最大键”
public final K floorKey(K key) {
return keyOrNull(subFloor(key));
}
// 获取“小于key的最大键值对”
public final Map.Entry<K,V> lowerEntry(K key) {
return exportEntry(subLower(key));
}
// 获取“小于key的最大键”
public final K lowerKey(K key) {
return keyOrNull(subLower(key));
}
// 获取"SubMap的第一个键"
public final K firstKey() {
return key(subLowest());
}
// 获取"SubMap的最后一个键"
public final K lastKey() {
return key(subHighest());
}
// 获取"SubMap的第一个键值对"
public final Map.Entry<K,V> firstEntry() {
return exportEntry(subLowest());
}
// 获取"SubMap的最后一个键值对"
public final Map.Entry<K,V> lastEntry() {
return exportEntry(subHighest());
}
// 返回"SubMap的第一个键值对"，并从SubMap中删除改键值对
public final Map.Entry<K,V> pollFirstEntry() {
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e = subLowest();
Map.Entry<K,V> result = exportEntry(e);
if (e != null)
m.deleteEntry(e);
return result;
}
// 返回"SubMap的最后一个键值对"，并从SubMap中删除改键值对
public final Map.Entry<K,V> pollLastEntry() {
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e = subHighest();
Map.Entry<K,V> result = exportEntry(e);
if (e != null)
m.deleteEntry(e);
return result;
}
// Views
transient NavigableMap<K,V> descendingMapView = null;
transient EntrySetView entrySetView = null;
transient KeySet<K> navigableKeySetView = null;
// 返回NavigableSet对象，实际上返回的是当前对象的"Key集合"。
public final NavigableSet<K> navigableKeySet() {
KeySet<K> nksv = navigableKeySetView;
return (nksv != null) ? nksv :
(navigableKeySetView = new TreeMap.KeySet(this));
}
// 返回"Key集合"对象
public final Set<K> keySet() {
return navigableKeySet();
}
// 返回“逆序”的Key集合
public NavigableSet<K> descendingKeySet() {
return descendingMap().navigableKeySet();
}
// 排列fromKey(包含) 到 toKey(不包含) 的子map
public final SortedMap<K,V> subMap(K fromKey, K toKey) {
return subMap(fromKey, true, toKey, false);
}
// 返回当前Map的头部(从第一个节点 到 toKey, 不包括toKey)
public final SortedMap<K,V> headMap(K toKey) {
return headMap(toKey, false);
}
// 返回当前Map的尾部[从 fromKey(包括fromKeyKey) 到 最后一个节点]
public final SortedMap<K,V> tailMap(K fromKey) {
return tailMap(fromKey, true);
}
// Map的Entry的集合
abstract class EntrySetView extends AbstractSet<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
private transient int size = -1, sizeModCount;
public int size() {
if (fromStart && toEnd)
return m.size();
if (size == -1 || sizeModCount != m.modCount) {
sizeModCount = m.modCount;
size = 0;
Iterator i = iterator();
while (i.hasNext()) {
size++;
i.next();
}
}
return size;
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> n = absLowest();
return n == null || tooHigh(n.key);
}
public boolean contains(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
return false;
Map.Entry<K,V> entry = (Map.Entry<K,V>) o;
K key = entry.getKey();
if (!inRange(key))
return false;
TreeMap.Entry node = m.getEntry(key);
return node != null &&
valEquals(node.getValue(), entry.getValue());
}
public boolean remove(Object o) {
if (!(o instanceof Map.Entry))
return false;
Map.Entry<K,V> entry = (Map.Entry<K,V>) o;
K key = entry.getKey();
if (!inRange(key))
return false;
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> node = m.getEntry(key);
if (node!=null && valEquals(node.getValue(),
entry.getValue())) {
m.deleteEntry(node);
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
// SubMap的迭代器
abstract class SubMapIterator<T> implements Iterator<T> {
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> lastReturned;
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> next;
final Object fenceKey;
int expectedModCount;
SubMapIterator(TreeMap.Entry<K,V> first,
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> fence) {
expectedModCount = m.modCount;
lastReturned = null;
next = first;
fenceKey = fence == null ? UNBOUNDED : fence.key;
}
public final boolean hasNext() {
return next != null && next.key != fenceKey;
}
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> nextEntry() {
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e = next;
if (e == null || e.key == fenceKey)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
if (m.modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
next = successor(e);
lastReturned = e;
return e;
}
final TreeMap.Entry<K,V> prevEntry() {
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> e = next;
if (e == null || e.key == fenceKey)
throw new NoSuchElementException();
if (m.modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
next = predecessor(e);
lastReturned = e;
return e;
}
// 删除当前节点(用于“升序的SubMap”)。
// 删除之后，可以继续升序遍历；红黑树特性没变。
final void removeAscending() {
if (lastReturned == null)
throw new IllegalStateException();
if (m.modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
// 这里重点强调一下“为什么当lastReturned的左右孩子都不为空时，要将其赋值给next”。
// 目的是为了“删除lastReturned节点之后，next节点指向的仍然是下一个节点”。
// 根据“红黑树”的特性可知：
// 当被删除节点有两个儿子时。那么，首先把“它的后继节点的内容”复制给“该节点的内容”；之后，删除“它的后继节点”。
// 这意味着“当被删除节点有两个儿子时，删除当前节点之后，'新的当前节点'实际上是‘原有的后继节点(即下一个节点)’”。
// 而此时next仍然指向"新的当前节点"。也就是说next是仍然是指向下一个节点；能继续遍历红黑树。
if (lastReturned.left != null && lastReturned.right != null)
next = lastReturned;
m.deleteEntry(lastReturned);
lastReturned = null;
expectedModCount = m.modCount;
}
// 删除当前节点(用于“降序的SubMap”)。
// 删除之后，可以继续降序遍历；红黑树特性没变。
final void removeDescending() {
if (lastReturned == null)
throw new IllegalStateException();
if (m.modCount != expectedModCount)
throw new ConcurrentModificationException();
m.deleteEntry(lastReturned);
lastReturned = null;
expectedModCount = m.modCount;
}
}
// SubMap的Entry迭代器，它只支持升序操作，继承于SubMapIterator
final class SubMapEntryIterator extends SubMapIterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
SubMapEntryIterator(TreeMap.Entry<K,V> first,
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> fence) {
super(first, fence);
}
public Map.Entry<K,V> next() {
return nextEntry();
}
public void remove() {
removeAscending();
}
}
// SubMap的Key迭代器，它只支持升序操作，继承于SubMapIterator
final class SubMapKeyIterator extends SubMapIterator<K> {
SubMapKeyIterator(TreeMap.Entry<K,V> first,
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> fence) {
super(first, fence);
}
// 获取下一个节点(升序)
public K next() {
return nextEntry().key;
}
// 删除当前节点(升序)
public void remove() {
removeAscending();
}
}
// 降序SubMap的Entry迭代器，它只支持降序操作，继承于SubMapIterator
final class DescendingSubMapEntryIterator extends SubMapIterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> {
DescendingSubMapEntryIterator(TreeMap.Entry<K,V> last,
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> fence) {
super(last, fence);
}
// 获取下一个节点(降序)
public Map.Entry<K,V> next() {
return prevEntry();
}
// 删除当前节点(降序)
public void remove() {
removeDescending();
}
}
// 降序SubMap的Key迭代器，它只支持降序操作，继承于SubMapIterator
final class DescendingSubMapKeyIterator extends SubMapIterator<K> {
DescendingSubMapKeyIterator(TreeMap.Entry<K,V> last,
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> fence) {
super(last, fence);
}
// 获取下一个节点(降序)
public K next() {
return prevEntry().key;
}
// 删除当前节点(降序)
public void remove() {
removeDescending();
}
}
}
// 升序的SubMap，继承于NavigableSubMap
static final class AscendingSubMap<K,V> extends NavigableSubMap<K,V> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 912986545866124060L;
AscendingSubMap(TreeMap<K,V> m,
boolean fromStart, K lo, boolean loInclusive,
boolean toEnd, K hi, boolean hiInclusive) {
super(m, fromStart, lo, loInclusive, toEnd, hi, hiInclusive);
}
public Comparator<? super K> comparator() {
return m.comparator();
}
// 获取“子Map”。
// 范围是从fromKey 到 toKey；fromInclusive是是否包含fromKey的标记，toInclusive是是否包含toKey的标记
public NavigableMap<K,V> subMap(K fromKey, boolean fromInclusive,
K toKey, boolean toInclusive) {
if (!inRange(fromKey, fromInclusive))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromKey out of range");
if (!inRange(toKey, toInclusive))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("toKey out of range");
return new AscendingSubMap(m,
false, fromKey, fromInclusive,
false, toKey, toInclusive);
}
// 获取“Map的头部”。
// 范围从第一个节点 到 toKey, inclusive是是否包含toKey的标记
public NavigableMap<K,V> headMap(K toKey, boolean inclusive) {
if (!inRange(toKey, inclusive))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("toKey out of range");
return new AscendingSubMap(m,
fromStart, lo, loInclusive,
false, toKey, inclusive);
}
// 获取“Map的尾部”。
// 范围是从 fromKey 到 最后一个节点，inclusive是是否包含fromKey的标记
public NavigableMap<K,V> tailMap(K fromKey, boolean inclusive) {
if (!inRange(fromKey, inclusive))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromKey out of range");
return new AscendingSubMap(m,
false, fromKey, inclusive,
toEnd, hi, hiInclusive);
}
// 获取对应的降序Map
public NavigableMap<K,V> descendingMap() {
NavigableMap<K,V> mv = descendingMapView;
return (mv != null) ? mv :
(descendingMapView =
new DescendingSubMap(m,
fromStart, lo, loInclusive,
toEnd, hi, hiInclusive));
}
// 返回“升序Key迭代器”
Iterator<K> keyIterator() {
return new SubMapKeyIterator(absLowest(), absHighFence());
}
// 返回“降序Key迭代器”
Iterator<K> descendingKeyIterator() {
return new DescendingSubMapKeyIterator(absHighest(), absLowFence());
}
// “升序EntrySet集合”类
// 实现了iterator()
final class AscendingEntrySetView extends EntrySetView {
public Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> iterator() {
return new SubMapEntryIterator(absLowest(), absHighFence());
}
}
// 返回“升序EntrySet集合”
public Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet() {
EntrySetView es = entrySetView;
return (es != null) ? es : new AscendingEntrySetView();
}
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subLowest() { return absLowest(); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subHighest() { return absHighest(); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subCeiling(K key) { return absCeiling(key); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subHigher(K key) { return absHigher(key); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subFloor(K key) { return absFloor(key); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subLower(K key) { return absLower(key); }
}
// 降序的SubMap，继承于NavigableSubMap
// 相比于升序SubMap，它的实现机制是将“SubMap的比较器反转”！
static final class DescendingSubMap<K,V> extends NavigableSubMap<K,V> {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 912986545866120460L;
DescendingSubMap(TreeMap<K,V> m,
boolean fromStart, K lo, boolean loInclusive,
boolean toEnd, K hi, boolean hiInclusive) {
super(m, fromStart, lo, loInclusive, toEnd, hi, hiInclusive);
}
// 反转的比较器：是将原始比较器反转得到的。
private final Comparator<? super K> reverseComparator =
Collections.reverseOrder(m.comparator);
// 获取反转比较器
public Comparator<? super K> comparator() {
return reverseComparator;
}
// 获取“子Map”。
// 范围是从fromKey 到 toKey；fromInclusive是是否包含fromKey的标记，toInclusive是是否包含toKey的标记
public NavigableMap<K,V> subMap(K fromKey, boolean fromInclusive,
K toKey, boolean toInclusive) {
if (!inRange(fromKey, fromInclusive))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromKey out of range");
if (!inRange(toKey, toInclusive))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("toKey out of range");
return new DescendingSubMap(m,
false, toKey, toInclusive,
false, fromKey, fromInclusive);
}
// 获取“Map的头部”。
// 范围从第一个节点 到 toKey, inclusive是是否包含toKey的标记
public NavigableMap<K,V> headMap(K toKey, boolean inclusive) {
if (!inRange(toKey, inclusive))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("toKey out of range");
return new DescendingSubMap(m,
false, toKey, inclusive,
toEnd, hi, hiInclusive);
}
// 获取“Map的尾部”。
// 范围是从 fromKey 到 最后一个节点，inclusive是是否包含fromKey的标记
public NavigableMap<K,V> tailMap(K fromKey, boolean inclusive) {
if (!inRange(fromKey, inclusive))
throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromKey out of range");
return new DescendingSubMap(m,
fromStart, lo, loInclusive,
false, fromKey, inclusive);
}
// 获取对应的降序Map
public NavigableMap<K,V> descendingMap() {
NavigableMap<K,V> mv = descendingMapView;
return (mv != null) ? mv :
(descendingMapView =
new AscendingSubMap(m,
fromStart, lo, loInclusive,
toEnd, hi, hiInclusive));
}
// 返回“升序Key迭代器”
Iterator<K> keyIterator() {
return new DescendingSubMapKeyIterator(absHighest(), absLowFence());
}
// 返回“降序Key迭代器”
Iterator<K> descendingKeyIterator() {
return new SubMapKeyIterator(absLowest(), absHighFence());
}
// “降序EntrySet集合”类
// 实现了iterator()
final class DescendingEntrySetView extends EntrySetView {
public Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> iterator() {
return new DescendingSubMapEntryIterator(absHighest(), absLowFence());
}
}
// 返回“降序EntrySet集合”
public Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet() {
EntrySetView es = entrySetView;
return (es != null) ? es : new DescendingEntrySetView();
}
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subLowest() { return absHighest(); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subHighest() { return absLowest(); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subCeiling(K key) { return absFloor(key); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subHigher(K key) { return absLower(key); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subFloor(K key) { return absCeiling(key); }
TreeMap.Entry<K,V> subLower(K key) { return absHigher(key); }
}
// SubMap是旧版本的类，新的Java中没有用到。
private class SubMap extends AbstractMap<K,V>
implements SortedMap<K,V>, java.io.Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -6520786458950516097L;
private boolean fromStart = false, toEnd = false;
private K fromKey, toKey;
private Object readResolve() {
return new AscendingSubMap(TreeMap.this,
fromStart, fromKey, true,
toEnd, toKey, false);
}
public Set<Map.Entry<K,V>> entrySet() { throw new InternalError(); }
public K lastKey() { throw new InternalError(); }
public K firstKey() { throw new InternalError(); }
public SortedMap<K,V> subMap(K fromKey, K toKey) { throw new InternalError(); }
public SortedMap<K,V> headMap(K toKey) { throw new InternalError(); }
public SortedMap<K,V> tailMap(K fromKey) { throw new InternalError(); }
public Comparator<? super K> comparator() { throw new InternalError(); }
}
private static final boolean RED = false;
private static final boolean BLACK = true;
// 返回“节点t的后继节点”
static <K,V> TreeMap.Entry<K,V> successor(Entry<K,V> t) {
if (t == null)
return null;
else if (t.right != null) {
Entry<K,V> p = t.right;
while (p.left != null)
p = p.left;
return p;
} else {
Entry<K,V> p = t.parent;
Entry<K,V> ch = t;
while (p != null && ch == p.right) {
ch = p;
p = p.parent;
}
return p;
}
}
// 返回“节点t的前继节点”
static <K,V> Entry<K,V> predecessor(Entry<K,V> t) {
if (t == null)
return null;
else if (t.left != null) {
Entry<K,V> p = t.left;
while (p.right != null)
p = p.right;
return p;
} else {
Entry<K,V> p = t.parent;
Entry<K,V> ch = t;
while (p != null && ch == p.left) {
ch = p;
p = p.parent;
}
return p;
}
}
// 返回“节点p的颜色”
// 根据“红黑树的特性”可知：空节点颜色是黑色。
private static <K,V> boolean colorOf(Entry<K,V> p) {
return (p == null ? BLACK : p.color);
}
// 返回“节点p的父节点”
private static <K,V> Entry<K,V> parentOf(Entry<K,V> p) {
return (p == null ? null: p.parent);
}
// 设置“节点p的颜色为c”
private static <K,V> void setColor(Entry<K,V> p, boolean c) {
if (p != null)
p.color = c;
}
// 设置“节点p的左孩子”
private static <K,V> Entry<K,V> leftOf(Entry<K,V> p) {
return (p == null) ? null: p.left;
}
// 设置“节点p的右孩子”
private static <K,V> Entry<K,V> rightOf(Entry<K,V> p) {
return (p == null) ? null: p.right;
}
private static final long serialVersionUID = 919286545866124006L;
// java.io.Serializable的写入函数
// 将TreeMap的“容量，所有的Entry”都写入到输出流中
private void writeObject(java.io.ObjectOutputStream s)
throws java.io.IOException {
// Write out the Comparator and any hidden stuff
s.defaultWriteObject();
// Write out size (number of Mappings)
s.writeInt(size);
// Write out keys and values (alternating)
for (Iterator<Map.Entry<K,V>> i = entrySet().iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
Map.Entry<K,V> e = i.next();
s.writeObject(e.getKey());
s.writeObject(e.getValue());
}
}
// java.io.Serializable的读取函数：根据写入方式读出
// 先将TreeMap的“容量、所有的Entry”依次读出
private void readObject(final java.io.ObjectInputStream s)
throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
// Read in the Comparator and any hidden stuff
s.defaultReadObject();
// Read in size
int size = s.readInt();
buildFromSorted(size, null, s, null);
}
/** Intended to be called only from TreeSet.readObject */
void readTreeSet(int size, java.io.ObjectInputStream s, V defaultVal)
throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
buildFromSorted(size, null, s, defaultVal);
}
/** Intended to be called only from TreeSet.addAll */
void addAllForTreeSet(SortedSet<? extends K> set, V defaultVal) {
try {
buildFromSorted(set.size(), set.iterator(), null, defaultVal);
} catch (java.io.IOException cannotHappen) {
} catch (ClassNotFoundException cannotHappen) {
}
}
// 根据已经一个排好序的map创建一个TreeMap
private void buildFromSorted(int size, Iterator it,
java.io.ObjectInputStream str,
V defaultVal)
throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
this.size = size;
root = buildFromSorted(0, 0, size-1, computeRedLevel(size),
it, str, defaultVal);
}
// 根据已经一个排好序的map创建一个TreeMap
// 将map中的元素逐个添加到TreeMap中，并返回map的中间元素作为根节点。
private final Entry<K,V> buildFromSorted(int level, int lo, int hi,
int redLevel,
Iterator it,
java.io.ObjectInputStream str,
V defaultVal)
throws java.io.IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
if (hi < lo) return null;
// 获取中间元素
int mid = (lo + hi) >>> 1;
Entry<K,V> left = null;
// 若lo小于mid，则递归调用获取(middel的)左孩子。
if (lo < mid)
left = buildFromSorted(level+1, lo, mid - 1, redLevel,
it, str, defaultVal);
// 获取middle节点对应的key和value
K key;
V value;
if (it != null) {
if (defaultVal==null) {
Map.Entry<K,V> entry = (Map.Entry<K,V>)it.next();
key = entry.getKey();
value = entry.getValue();
} else {
key = (K)it.next();
value = defaultVal;
}
} else { // use stream
key = (K) str.readObject();
value = (defaultVal != null ? defaultVal : (V) str.readObject());
}
// 创建middle节点
Entry<K,V> middle = new Entry<>(key, value, null);
// 若当前节点的深度=红色节点的深度，则将节点着色为红色。
if (level == redLevel)
middle.color = RED;
// 设置middle为left的父亲，left为middle的左孩子
if (left != null) {
middle.left = left;
left.parent = middle;
}
if (mid < hi) {
// 递归调用获取(middel的)右孩子。
Entry<K,V> right = buildFromSorted(level+1, mid+1, hi, redLevel,
it, str, defaultVal);
// 设置middle为left的父亲，left为middle的左孩子
middle.right = right;
right.parent = middle;
}
return middle;
}
// 计算节点树为sz的最大深度，也是红色节点的深度值。
private static int computeRedLevel(int sz) {
int level = 0;
for (int m = sz - 1; m >= 0; m = m / 2 - 1)
level++;
return level;
}
……终于结束了源码，TreeMap有这么多我也没办法……最后看一下TreeMap的遍历方式。
2. TreeMap的遍历方式
TreeMap的遍历方式一般分为两步：
1. 先通过entrySet()或keySet()或value()方法获得相应的集合；
2. 通过Iterator迭代器遍历上面得到的集合。
2.1 遍历TreeMap的Entry
// 假设map是TreeMap对象
// map中的key是String类型，value是Integer类型
Integer integ = null;
Iterator iter = map.entrySet().iterator();
while(iter.hasNext()) {
Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry)iter.next();
// 获取key
key = (String)entry.getKey();
// 获取value
integ = (Integer)entry.getValue();
}
2.2 遍历TreeMap的key
// 假设map是TreeMap对象
// map中的key是String类型，value是Integer类型
String key = null;
Integer integ = null;
Iterator iter = map.keySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
// 获取key
key = (String)iter.next();
// 根据key，获取value
integ = (Integer)map.get(key);
}
2.3 遍历TreeMap的value
// 假设map是TreeMap对象TreeMap就介绍这么多吧，如有错误之处，欢迎留言指正~
// map中的key是String类型，value是Integer类型
Integer value = null;
Collection c = map.values();
Iterator iter= c.iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
value = (Integer)iter.next();
}
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