一、/etc/init.d/network
会把 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts路径下的文件，名字以 ifcfg起始的，作为接口进行配置。
- /etc/init.d/network start
- /etc/init.d/network stop
- /etc/init.d/network restart 或reload
- /etc/init.d/network status 网卡状态查询
network 脚本内容如下：
#! /bin/bash
#
# network Bring up/down networking
#
# chkconfig: 2345 10 90
# description: Activates/Deactivates all network interfaces configured to \
# start at boot time.
#
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: $network
### END INIT INFO
# Source function library.
. /etc/init.d/functions
if [ ! -f /etc/sysconfig/network ]; then
exit 0
fi
. /etc/sysconfig/network
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/pcmcia ]; then
. /etc/sysconfig/pcmcia
fi
# Check that networking is up.
[ "${NETWORKING}" = "no" ] && exit 0
# if the ip configuration utility isn't around we can't function.
[ -x /sbin/ip ] || exit 1
# Even if IPX is configured, without the utilities we can't do much
[ ! -x /sbin/ipx_internal_net -o ! -x /sbin/ipx_configure ] && IPX=
# Even if VLAN is configured, without the utility we can't do much
[ ! -x /sbin/vconfig ] && VLAN=
CWD=`pwd`
cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts ---------- 这个路径下的文件，名字以 ifcfg起始的，作为接口配置。
. ./network-functions
# find all the interfaces besides loopback.
# ignore aliases, alternative configurations, and editor backup files
interfaces=$(ls ifcfg*| \
LANG=C sed -e "$__sed_discard_ignored_files" \
-e '/\(ifcfg-lo\|:\|ifcfg-.*-range\)/d' \
-e '/ifcfg-[A-Za-z0-9\._-]\+$/ { s/^ifcfg-//g;s/[0-9]/ &/}' | \
LANG=C sort -k 1,1 -k 2n | \
LANG=C sed 's/ //')
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
# IPv6 hook (pre IPv4 start)
if [ "$NETWORKING_IPV6" = "yes" ]; then
if [ -x /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global ]; then
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global start pre
fi
fi
sysctl -e -p /etc/sysctl.conf >/dev/null 2>&1
# bring up loopback interface
action $"Bringing up loopback interface: " ./ifup ifcfg-lo
case "$IPX" in
yes|true)
/sbin/ipx_configure --auto_primary=$IPXAUTOPRIMARY \
--auto_interface=$IPXAUTOFRAME
if [ "$IPXINTERNALNETNUM" != "0" ]; then
/sbin/ipx_internal_net add $IPXINTERNALNETNUM $IPXINTERNALNODENUM
fi
;;
esac
case "$VLAN" in
yes)
if [ -d /proc/net/vlan ] || modprobe 8021q >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
test -z "$VLAN_NAME_TYPE" && VLAN_NAME_TYPE=DEV_PLUS_VID_NO_PAD
action $"Setting 802.1Q VLAN parameters: " /sbin/vconfig set_name_type "$VLAN_NAME_TYPE"
else
echo $"No 802.1Q VLAN support available in kernel."
fi
;;
esac
vlaninterfaces=""
cipeinterfaces=""
xdslinterfaces=""
bridgeinterfaces=""
# bring up all other interfaces configured to come up at boot time
for i in $interfaces; do
unset DEVICE TYPE SLAVE
eval $(LANG=C fgrep "DEVICE=" ifcfg-$i)
eval $(LANG=C fgrep "TYPE=" ifcfg-$i)
eval $(LANG=C fgrep "SLAVE=" ifcfg-$i)
if [ -z "$DEVICE" ] ; then DEVICE="$i"; fi
if [ "${DEVICE##cipcb}" != "$DEVICE" ] ; then
cipeinterfaces="$cipeinterfaces $i"
continue
fi
if [ "$TYPE" = "xDSL" ]; then
xdslinterfaces="$xdslinterfaces $i"
continue
fi
if [ "$TYPE" = "Bridge" ]; then
bridgeinterfaces="$bridgeinterfaces $i"
continue
fi
if [ "${DEVICE%%.*}" != "$DEVICE" -o "${DEVICE##vlan}" != "$DEVICE" ] ; then
vlaninterfaces="$vlaninterfaces $i"
continue
fi
if [ "$SLAVE" = "yes" ]; then
continue
fi
if LANG=C egrep -L "^ONBOOT=['\"]?[Nn][Oo]['\"]?" ifcfg-$i > /dev/null ; then
# this loads the module, to preserve ordering
is_available $i
continue
fi
# If we're in confirmation mode, get user confirmation.
if [ -f /var/run/confirm ]; then
confirm $i
test $? = 1 && continue
fi
action $"Bringing up interface $i: " ./ifup $i boot
done
# Bring up xDSL and CIPE interfaces
for i in $vlaninterfaces $bridgeinterfaces $xdslinterfaces $cipeinterfaces ; do
if ! LANG=C egrep -L "^ONBOOT=['\"]?[Nn][Oo]['\"]?" ifcfg-$i >/dev/null 2>&1 ; then
# If we're in confirmation mode, get user confirmation.
if [ -f /var/run/confirm ]; then
confirm $i
test $? = 1 && continue
fi
action $"Bringing up interface $i: " ./ifup $i boot
fi
done
# Add non interface-specific static-routes.
if [ -f /etc/sysconfig/static-routes ]; then
grep "^any" /etc/sysconfig/static-routes | while read ignore args ; do
/sbin/route add -$args
done
fi
# IPv6 hook (post IPv4 start)
if [ "$NETWORKING_IPV6" = "yes" ]; then
if [ -x /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global ]; then
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global start post
fi
fi
# Run this again to catch any interface-specific actions
sysctl -e -p /etc/sysctl.conf >/dev/null 2>&1
touch /var/lock/subsys/network
[ -n "${NETWORKDELAY}" ] && /bin/sleep ${NETWORKDELAY}
;;
stop)
# Don't shut the network down if root is on NFS or a network
# block device.
rootfs=$(awk '{ if ($1 !~ /^[ \t]*#/ && $2 == "/" && $3 != "rootfs") { print $3; }}' /proc/mounts)
rootopts=$(awk '{ if ($1 !~ /^[ \t]*#/ && $2 == "/") { print $4; }}' /etc/mtab)
if [[ "$rootfs" =~ "^nfs" ]] || [[ "$rootopts" =~ "_netdev|_rnetdev" ]] ; then
exit 1
fi
# If this is a final shutdown/halt, check for network FS,
# and unmount them even if the user didn't turn on netfs
if [ "$RUNLEVEL" = "6" -o "$RUNLEVEL" = "0" -o "$RUNLEVEL" = "1" ]; then
NFSMTAB=`LC_ALL=C awk '$3 ~ /^nfs/ { print $2 }' /proc/mounts`
SMBMTAB=`LC_ALL=C awk '$3 == "smbfs" { print $2 }' /proc/mounts`
NCPMTAB=`LC_ALL=C awk '$3 == "ncpfs" { print $2 }' /proc/mounts`
if [ -n "$NFSMTAB" -o -n "$SMBMTAB" -o -n "$NCPMTAB" ] ; then
/etc/init.d/netfs stop
fi
fi
# IPv6 hook (pre IPv4 stop)
if [ "$NETWORKING_IPV6" = "yes" ]; then
if [ -x /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global ]; then
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global stop pre
fi
fi
vlaninterfaces=""
cipeinterfaces=""
xdslinterfaces=""
bridgeinterfaces=""
remaining=""
# get list of bonding, cipe, and xdsl interfaces
for i in $interfaces; do
unset DEVICE TYPE
eval $(LANG=C fgrep "DEVICE=" ifcfg-$i)
eval $(LANG=C fgrep "TYPE=" ifcfg-$i)
if [ -z "$DEVICE" ] ; then DEVICE="$i"; fi
if [ "${DEVICE##cipcb}" != "$DEVICE" ] ; then
cipeinterfaces="$cipeinterfaces $i"
continue
fi
if [ "$TYPE" = "Bridge" ]; then
bridgeinterfaces="$bridgeinterfaces $i"
continue
fi
if [ "$TYPE" = "xDSL" ]; then
xdslinterfaces="$xdslinterfaces $i"
continue
fi
if [ "${DEVICE%%.*}" != "$DEVICE" -o "${DEVICE##vlan}" != "$DEVICE" ] ; then
vlaninterfaces="$vlaninterfaces $i"
continue
fi
remaining="$remaining $i"
done
for i in $cipeinterfaces $xdslinterfaces $bridgeinterfaces $vlaninterfaces $remaining; do
(. ifcfg-$i
if [ -z "$DEVICE" ] ; then DEVICE="$i"; fi
if ! check_device_down $DEVICE; then
action $"Shutting down interface $i: " ./ifdown $i boot
fi
)
done
case "$IPX" in
yes|true)
if [ "$IPXINTERNALNETNUM" != "0" ]; then
/sbin/ipx_internal_net del
fi
;;
esac
action $"Shutting down loopback interface: " ./ifdown ifcfg-lo
if [ -d /proc/sys/net/ipv4 ]; then
if [ -f /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward ]; then
if [ `cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward` != 0 ]; then
action $"Disabling IPv4 packet forwarding: " sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=0
fi
fi
if [ -f /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_always_defrag ]; then
if [ `cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_always_defrag` != 0 ]; then
action $"Disabling IPv4 automatic defragmentation: " sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_always_defrag=0
fi
fi
fi
# IPv6 hook (post IPv4 stop)
if [ "$NETWORKING_IPV6" = "yes" ]; then
if [ -x /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global ]; then
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/init.ipv6-global stop post
fi
fi
rm -f /var/lock/subsys/network
;;
status)
echo $"Configured devices:"
echo lo $interfaces
echo $"Currently active devices:"
echo $(/sbin/ip -o link show up | awk -F ": " '{ print $2 }')
;;
restart|reload)
cd "$CWD"
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|status}"
exit 1
esac
exit 0
如：
service network status
Configured devices:
lo LSN0 LSN1 SYSTEM SYSTEMA ------ 其中device可以在eth0，eth1，eth2上。
Currently active devices:
lo eth0 eth1 eth2
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts下ifcfg-anzi的配置如下：
# Generated by GrowExtNetwork on Wed Jul 31 12:40:39 CST 2013
DEVICE=eth2:anzi
ONBOOT=yes
BOOTPROTO=static
IPADDR=172.25.126.10
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
USERCTL=no
# IPM Specifics
# Not Managed by IPM
二、/sbin/service
也是shell脚本，可以执行所有/etc/init.d/的可执行文件。
如service network stop #关闭网络服务等。
三、/etc/init.d
/etc/init.d-# ls -l
total 428
-r-x------ 1 root root 4785 Feb 3 2012 SMmonitor
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1725 Dec 3 2009 acpid
-rwxr-xr-- 1 root root 943 Feb 16 2012 adax-str
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2062 Jan 20 2012 atd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3378 Mar 14 2012 auditd
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 1340 Jan 24 2013 blk-availability
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2793 Mar 4 2011 crond
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3118 Sep 25 2012 dhcpd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3254 Sep 25 2012 dhcpd6
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2510 Sep 25 2012 dhcrelay
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6065 Feb 22 2013 drbd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1761 Nov 16 2011 forcedown
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18216 Apr 5 05:18 functions
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1801 Apr 1 2011 haldaemon
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5829 Jan 9 2013 halt
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7134 Dec 4 2011 hp-asrd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19482 Dec 4 2011 hp-health
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2001 Dec 5 2012 htcacheclean
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3371 Dec 5 2012 httpd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root sys 505 Nov 10 2011 identd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2223 Jul 31 12:38 installIAS
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9515 Oct 31 2012 ip6tables
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1733 Nov 15 2011 ipm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14945 Dec 12 2012 ipmi
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5036 Sep 4 2012 ipsec
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9409 Oct 31 2012 iptables
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1908 Oct 13 2012 irqbalance
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4535 Oct 23 2012 iscsi
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3990 Oct 23 2012 iscsid
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16034 Jan 18 2013 kdump
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 652 Jan 9 2013 killall
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2969 Jan 26 2009 lm_sensors
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2134 Jan 24 2013 lvm2-lvmetad
-r-xr-xr-x 1 root root 2665 Jan 24 2013 lvm2-monitor
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2034 Nov 1 2012 mcelogd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1777 Nov 20 2009 mcstrans
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2571 Dec 7 2012 mdmonitor
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2200 Sep 7 2012 messagebus
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2363 Jan 12 2012 multipathd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 7362 Dec 5 2012 named
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2989 Jan 9 2013 netconsole
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5486 Jan 9 2013 netfs
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6334 Jan 9 2013 network
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 6340 Jan 9 2013 nfs
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3526 Jan 9 2013 nfslock
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2515 Nov 21 2012 nscd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1923 Jan 10 2013 ntpd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1866 Jan 10 2013 ntpdate
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4381 May 2 05:54 openhpid
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2023 Feb 1 2012 portreserve
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1556 Jul 10 2012 psacct
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3367 Jul 31 12:51 psp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1418 Nov 16 2011 rdac
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1559 May 20 2009 rdisc
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1822 Jan 16 2013 restorecond
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2099 Nov 16 2011 ripm
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1808 Dec 3 2011 rngd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2073 Oct 23 2012 rpcbind
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2518 Jan 9 2013 rpcgssd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2300 Jan 9 2013 rpcidmapd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2464 Jan 9 2013 rpcsvcgssd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1792 Jan 26 2012 rrdcached
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2011 Jan 10 2013 rsyslog
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1698 Jan 16 2013 sandbox
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2056 Nov 20 2012 saslauthd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4139 Feb 15 2013 sctp
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3702 Feb 15 2010 sendmail
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 647 Jan 9 2013 single
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3002 Sep 26 2012 smartd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2162 Oct 10 2012 snmpd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1738 Oct 10 2012 snmptrapd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4534 Dec 13 2012 sshd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1228 Mar 28 2012 sysstat
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2294 Jan 15 2013 udev-post
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2824 Feb 13 2013 vsftpd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 3555 Dec 5 2012 xinetd