Java生鲜电商平台-Java后端生成Token架构与设计详解
目的:Java开源生鲜电商平台-Java后端生成Token目的是为了用于校验客户端,防止重复提交.
技术选型:用开源的JWT架构。
1.概述:在web项目中,服务端和前端经常需要交互数据,有的时候由于网络相应慢,客户端在提交某些敏感数据(比如按照正常的业务逻辑,此份数据只能保存一份)时,如果前端多次点击提交按钮会导致提交多份数据,这种情况我们是要防止发生的。
2.解决方法:
①前端处理:在提交之后通过js立即将按钮隐藏或者置为不可用。
②后端处理:对于每次提交到后台的数据必须校验,也就是通过前端携带的令牌(一串唯一字符串)与后端校验来判断当前数据是否有效。
3.总结:第一种方法相对来说比较简单,但是安全系数不高,第二种方法从根本上解决了问题,所以我推荐第二种方法。
4.核心代码:
生成Token的工具类:
- /**
- * 生成Token的工具类:
- */
- package red.hearing.eval.modules.token;
- import java.security.MessageDigest;
- import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
- import java.util.Random;
- import sun.misc.BASE64Encoder;
- /**
- * 生成Token的工具类
- * @author zhous
- * @since 2018-2-23 13:59:27
- *
- */
- public class TokenProccessor {
- private TokenProccessor(){};
- private static final TokenProccessor instance = new TokenProccessor();
- public static TokenProccessor getInstance() {
- return instance;
- }
- /**
- * 生成Token
- * @return
- */
- public String makeToken() {
- String token = (System.currentTimeMillis() + new Random().nextInt(999999999)) + "";
- try {
- MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("md5");
- byte md5[] = md.digest(token.getBytes());
- BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
- return encoder.encode(md5);
- } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- return null;
- }
- }
Token通用工具类
- /**
- *
- */
- package red.hearing.eval.modules.token;
- import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
- import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
- /**
- * Token的工具类
- * @author zhous
- * @since 2018-2-23 14:01:41
- *
- */
- public class TokenTools {
- /**
- * 生成token放入session
- * @param request
- * @param tokenServerkey
- */
- public static void createToken(HttpServletRequest request,String tokenServerkey){
- String token = TokenProccessor.getInstance().makeToken();
- request.getSession().setAttribute(tokenServerkey, token);
- }
- /**
- * 移除token
- * @param request
- * @param tokenServerkey
- */
- public static void removeToken(HttpServletRequest request,String tokenServerkey){
- request.getSession().removeAttribute(tokenServerkey);
- }
- /**
- * 判断请求参数中的token是否和session中一致
- * @param request
- * @param tokenClientkey
- * @param tokenServerkey
- * @return
- */
- public static boolean judgeTokenIsEqual(HttpServletRequest request,String tokenClientkey,String tokenServerkey){
- String token_client = request.getParameter(tokenClientkey);
- if(StringUtils.isEmpty(token_client)){
- return false;
- }
- String token_server = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute(tokenServerkey);
- if(StringUtils.isEmpty(token_server)){
- return false;
- }
- if(!token_server.equals(token_client)){
- return false;
- }
- return true;
- }
- }
使用方法:
①在输出前端页面的时候调用TokenTools.createToken方法,会把本次生成的token放入session中。
②然后在前端页面提交数据时从session中获取token,然后添加到要提交的数据中。
③服务端接受数据后调用judgeTokenIsEqual方法判断两个token是否一致,如果不一致则返回,不进行处理。
备注:tokenClientkey和tokenServerkey自定义,调用judgeTokenIsEqual方法时的tokenClientkey一定要与前端页面的key一致。
基于微信原理JAVA实现线程安全Token验证-JWT,如果不清楚JWT TOKEN的原理机制,我的上一篇JWT-TOKEN博客有详细介绍,这篇博文主要是具体实现。
Token主要是用于以作客户端进行请求的一个令牌,当第一次登录后,服务器生成一个Token便将此Token返回给客户端,以后客户端只需带上这个Token前来请求数据即可,无需再次带上密匙。
package com.franz.websocket; import com.franz.common.utils.StringUtils;
import com.franz.weixin.p3.oauth2.util.MD5Util;
import io.jsonwebtoken.*;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.jeecgframework.core.common.service.CommonService; import javax.crypto.SecretKey;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.xml.bind.DatatypeConverter;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map; /**
* OAuthTokenUtils
* Token管理
* @author nizhigengvip@163.com
* @version 2017-08-01
*/
public class OAuthTokenManager {
private String APP_ID = "";
private String APP_SECRET = "";
private String KEY_SING = ""; //用於存放TOKEN的標誌,Redis
private LinkedHashMap<string, object=""> pairs = new LinkedHashMap();//封装json的map
private CommonService service;
public static final int MINUTE_TTL = 60*1000; //millisecond
public static final int HOURS_TTL = 60*60*1000; //millisecond
public static final int DAY_TTL = 12*60*60*1000; //millisecond private OAuthTokenManager() {}
private static OAuthTokenManager single=null;
public static OAuthTokenManager getInstance() {
if (single == null) {
single = new OAuthTokenManager();
}
return single;
} public String getKEY_SING() {
return KEY_SING;
} public void setPairs(LinkedHashMap<string, object=""> pairs) {
this.pairs = pairs;
}
public LinkedHashMap<string, object=""> getPairs() {
return pairs;
} public void put(String key, Object value){//向json中添加属性,在js中访问,请调用data.map.key
pairs.put(key, value);
} public void remove(String key){
pairs.remove(key);
} /**
* 總體封裝
* @param appid
* @param secret
* @param logicInterface 回調函數
* @return
*/
public String token(String appid,String secret,LogicInterface logicInterface){
//获取appid和secret
this.accessPairs(appid,secret);
//验证appid和secretS,获取对象载体
Object subject = this.loginAuthentication(logicInterface);
//生成JWT签名数据ToKen
String token = this.createToken(this.generalSubject(subject),this.MINUTE_TTL);
return token;
} public void accessPairs(String APP_ID, String APP_SECRET) {
this.APP_ID = APP_ID;
this.APP_SECRET = APP_SECRET;
//this.KEY_SING = MD5Util.MD5Encode(APP_ID+"_"+APP_SECRET, "UTF-8").toUpperCase();//要用到的时候才用
} public Object loginAuthentication(LogicInterface logicInterface){
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(APP_ID) && StringUtils.isNotBlank(APP_SECRET)) {
Map<string, object=""> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("APP_ID",APP_ID);
map.put("APP_SECRET",APP_SECRET);
if(logicInterface == null || logicInterface.handler(map) == null){
return map;
}else {
return logicInterface.handler(map);
}
} else {
return null;
}
}
/**
* 由字符串生成加密key
* @return
*/
public SecretKey generalKey(){
String stringKey = APP_ID+APP_SECRET;
byte[] encodedKey = Base64.decodeBase64(stringKey);
SecretKey key = new SecretKeySpec(encodedKey, 0, encodedKey.length, "AES");
return key;
}
/**
* 生成subject信息
* @param obj
* @return
*/
public static String generalSubject(Object obj){
if(obj != null ) {
JSONObject json = JSONObject.fromObject(obj);
return json.toString();
}else{
return "{}";
} } /**
* 创建token
* @param subject
* @param ttlMillis
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public String createToken(String subject, long ttlMillis) { SignatureAlgorithm signatureAlgorithm = SignatureAlgorithm.HS256;
long nowMillis = System.currentTimeMillis();
Date now = new Date(nowMillis);
SecretKey key = generalKey();
JwtBuilder builder = Jwts.builder()
.setId(APP_ID)
.setIssuedAt(now)
.setSubject(subject)
.signWith(signatureAlgorithm, key);
if (ttlMillis >= 0) {
long expMillis = nowMillis + ttlMillis;
Date exp = new Date(expMillis);
builder.setExpiration(exp);
}
return builder.compact();
} /**
* 解密token
* @param token
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public Claims validateToken(String token) throws Exception{
Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
.setSigningKey(generalKey())
.parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
/*System.out.println("ID: " + claims.getId());
System.out.println("Subject: " + claims.getSubject());
System.out.println("Issuer: " + claims.getIssuer());
System.out.println("Expiration: " + claims.getExpiration());*/
return claims;
}
}
import com.ewider.weixin.p3.oauth2.util.MD5Util;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import io.jsonwebtoken.ExpiredJwtException;
import io.jsonwebtoken.MalformedJwtException;
import io.jsonwebtoken.SignatureException;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map; /**
* OAuthTokenController
*
* @author Franz.ge.倪志耿
* @version 2017-08-01
*/
@Scope("prototype")
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/oAuthToken")
public class OAuthToken { /**
* 獲取Token
* @param grant_type
* @param appid
* @param secret
* @return
*/
@RequestMapping(params = "token",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public Object token (@RequestParam(value = "grant_type") String grant_type, @RequestParam(value = "appid") String appid,
@RequestParam(value = "secret") String secret,HttpServletResponse response) {
Map<string, object=""> map = new HashMap<>();
switch (grant_type) {
case "authorization_code" : //授权码模式(即先登录获取code,再获取token)
break;
case "password" : //密码模式(将用户名,密码传过去,直接获取token)
break;
case "client_credentials" : //客户端模式(无用户,用户向客户端注册,然后客户端以自己的名义向’服务端’获取资源)
OAuthTokenManager oAuthTokenManager = OAuthTokenManager.getInstance();
String token = oAuthTokenManager.token(appid, secret,null);//loginInterface是业务逻辑回掉函数
//返回Token
map.put("access_token",token);
map.put("expires_in",OAuthTokenManager.MINUTE_TTL/1000);
break;
case "implicit" : //简化模式(在redirect_uri 的Hash传递token; Auth客户端运行在浏览器中,如JS,Flash)
break;
case "refresh_token" : //刷新access_token
break;
} return map;
} @RequestMapping(params = "loginAuth2",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public Object loginAuth2 (HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, @RequestParam(value = "accessToken") String accessToken ){
Map<string, object=""> map = new HashMap<>();
//COOKIE不存在:解析验证正确性
try {
OAuthTokenManager oAuthTokenManager = OAuthTokenManager.getInstance();
Claims claims = oAuthTokenManager.validateToken(accessToken);
if (claims != null ) {
map.put("state","success");
map.put("loginAuth","采用Token登录");
int validMillis = (int)(claims.getExpiration().getTime()-System.currentTimeMillis());
if(validMillis > 0) {
//交給容器管理,可以存放redis,這裡模擬是cookie
Cookie cookie = new Cookie(MD5Util.MD5Encode("MD5SING", "UTF-8").toUpperCase(), accessToken);
cookie.setMaxAge(validMillis/1000);
response.addCookie(cookie);
} }else{
map.put("state","fail");
}
}catch (MalformedJwtException | SignatureException e){
map.put("state","signature");//改造簽名,或者無效的Token
map.put("loginAuth","該Token無效");//改造簽名,或者無效的Token
}catch (ExpiredJwtException e){
map.put("state","expired");//改造簽名,或者無效的Token
map.put("loginAuth","Token已經過時");
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
map.put("state","fail");
}
return map;
} @RequestMapping(params = "index",method = RequestMethod.GET)
@ResponseBody
public Object index (HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
Map<string, object=""> map = new HashMap<>();
//从COOKIE中查找,模拟访问,可以集成容器管理
Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
if (cookies!=null) {
for (int i = cookies.length-1; i >= 0; i--) {
Cookie cookie = cookies[i];
if (cookie.getName().equals(MD5Util.MD5Encode("MD5SING", "UTF-8").toUpperCase())) {
//跳过登陆
map.put("index","采用Redis登录");
return map;
}
}
}
map.put("index","你的Token已经销毁");
return map;
} }
<dependency>
<groupid>io.jsonwebtoken</groupid>
<artifactid>jjwt</artifactid>
<version>0.7.0</version>
</dependency>