Azure是操作系统还是框架？

MS is calling Azure an Operating System.

MS称Azure为操作系统。

To me, it feels much more like a framework. I am having a bit of trouble defining the two separately. I have a general intuition, but I am not articulate enough to really say if Azure is really an OS or just a framework sitting on top of Operating Systems.

对我来说,感觉更像是一个框架。我在分别定义这两个时遇到了一些麻烦。我有一个普遍的直觉,但我并不清楚地说,如果Azure真的是一个操作系统,或者只是一个位于操作系统之上的框架。

5 个解决方案

#1

I've just been listening to the Deep Fried Bytes Podcast #20 wherein, they interview Steve Marx, the Windows Azure Program Manager, and he explains it all.

我刚刚听过Deep Fried Bytes Podcast#20,他们采访了Windows Azure项目经理史蒂夫马克思,他解释了这一切。

From what I can gather thus far (haven't finished all the podcast) it works like this:

从目前为止我可以收集的内容(还没有完成所有的播客)它的工作原理如下:

1. Microsoft have a ton servers running Hyper-V which can run virtualized instances of windows server 2008

   微软有一台运行Hyper-V的服务器可以运行Windows Server 2008的虚拟化实例

2. You can start/stop/reboot an arbitrary number of these virtual win2k8 servers using an API, and you get charged only based on what you use.

   您可以使用API​​启动/停止/重新启动任意数量的这些虚拟win2k8服务器,并且只根据您使用的内容收取费用。

3. The platform which controls this start/stop/reboot/crash recovery/provisioning/billing/etc is Windows Azure. They jokingly refer to it as the 'windows server overlord'

   控制此启动/停止/重启/崩溃恢复/配置/计费/等的平台是Windows Azure。他们开玩笑地称它为'windows server overlord'

4. You define roles for these VM's, which can be either

   您可以为这些VM定义角色,也可以是其中之一

   • web-role, in which you can run any .NET code hosted inside IIS (eg: ASP.NET, httpHandler, etc),

   web-role,您可以在其中运行IIS中托管的任何.NET代码(例如:ASP.NET,httpHandler等),

   • worker-role, in which you run some standalone .NET code for background processing and so on

   worker-role,您可以在其中运行一些独立的.NET代码进行后台处理等

   • Perhaps more roles once they come out of CTP

   一旦他们走出CTP,也许会有更多的角色

5. You can use the windows azure API's to start/stop them - eg: "Give me 5 instances of my web role and 3 instances of my worker role"

   你可以使用windows azure API来启动/停止它们 - 例如:“给我5个我的web角色实例和3个我的worker角色实例”

6. Data gets stored by their storage services, and can be

   数据由其存储服务存储,并且可以

   • Blobs (I'm assuming something like S3)

   Blob(我假设像S3这样的东西)

   • Queues (I'm assuming something like SQS)

   队列(我假设像SQS一样)

   • Tables - marx mentioned a 'web scale non-relational data store' - something like SimpleDB or BigTable

   表 - 马克思提到了'web scale非关系数据存储' - 类似于SimpleDB或BigTable

7. These VM's have a bunch of other services available to them - Live Services for windows live stuff, .NET services, SQL Services if you need a full-blown SQL server for relational data, Sharepoint services if you want sharepoint, etc.

   这些VM还有许多其他可用的服务 - 用于Windows Live服务的Live Services,.NET服务,SQL服务,如果您需要一个用于关系数据的完整SQL服务器,如果您需要sharepoint服务,则需要Sharepoint服务等。

8. All this stuff rolled up together is the Windows Azure Services Platform

   所有这些东西汇总在一起的是Windows Azure服务平台

My take - Giant Marketing fail. Confusion abounds. MS seem to always do this kind of 'roll it all up into a single buzzword' thing though (.NET 5 years ago, anyone?). I really wish they would stop it

我的看法 - 巨人营销失败了。混乱比比皆是。 MS似乎总是做这种'把它全部变成一个流行语'的东西(.NET 5年前,有人吗?)。我真的希望他们能阻止它

#2

Another way I have heard Windows Azure pitched is "infrastructure as a service". Meaning that you don't have to think about the operating system in the same way as if using a server or VM that you tweak.

我听到Windows Azure的另一种方式是“基础架构即服务”。这意味着您不必像使用您调整的服务器或VM那样考虑操作系统。

#3

What is Windows Azure? seems to answer this, perhaps?

什么是Windows Azure?似乎也回答了这个问题?

Quoting @daok:

Description

The Azure™ Services Platform (Azure) is an internet-scale cloud services platform hosted in Microsoft data centers, which provides an operating system and a set of developer services that can be used individually or together. Azure’s flexible and interoperable platform can be used to build new applications to run from the cloud or enhance existing applications with cloud-based capabilities. Its open architecture gives developers the choice to build web applications, applications running on connected devices, PCs, servers, or hybrid solutions offering the best of online and on-premises.

Azure™服务平台(Azure)是一个托管在Microsoft数据中心的互联网规模的云服务平台,它提供了一个操作系统和一组可以单独使用或一起使用的开发人员服务。 Azure灵活且可互操作的平台可用于构建从云运行的新应用程序,或使用基于云的功能增强现有应用程序。其开放式架构使开发人员可以选择构建Web应用程序,在连接设备上运行的应用程序,PC,服务器或提供最佳在线和内部部署的混合解决方案。

Azure reduces the need for up-front technology purchases, and it enables developers to quickly and easily create applications running in the cloud by using their existing skills with the Microsoft Visual Studio development environment and the Microsoft .NET Framework. In addition to managed code languages supported by .NET, Azure will support more programming languages and development environments in the near future. Azure simplifies maintaining and operating applications by providing on-demand compute and storage to host, scale, and manage web and connected applications. Infrastructure management is automated with a platform that is designed for high availability and dynamic scaling to match usage needs with the option of a pay-as-you-go pricing model. Azure provides an open, standards-based and interoperable environment with support for multiple internet protocols, including HTTP, REST, SOAP, and XML.

Azure减少了对前期技术购买的需求,并使开发人员能够通过使用Microsoft Visual Studio开发环境和Microsoft .NET Framework的现有技能,快速轻松地创建在云中运行的应用程序。除了.NET支持的托管代码语言之外,Azure还将在不久的将来支持更多的编程语言和开发环境。 Azure通过提供按需计算和存储来托管,连接和管理Web和连接的应用程序,从而简化了应用程序的维护和操作。基础架构管理通过一个专为高可用性和动态扩展而设计的平台实现自动化,以满足使用需求和现收现付定价模式。 Azure提供了一个开放的,基于标准且可互操作的环境,支持多种Internet协议,包括HTTP,REST,SOAP和XML。

Features

Key components of the Azure Services Platform include the following:

Azure服务平台的关键组件包括以下内容:

• Windows Azure for service hosting and management, low-level scalable storage, computation and networking

Windows Azure用于服务托管和管理,低级可扩展存储,计算和网络

• Microsoft SQL Services for a wide range of database services and reporting

Microsoft SQL Services,用于广泛的数据库服务和报告

• Microsoft .NET Services which are service-based implementations of familiar .NET Framework concepts such as workflow and access control

Microsoft .NET服务,它是熟悉的.NET Framework概念(如工作流和访问控制)的基于服务的实现

• Live Services for a consistent way for users to store, share and synchronize documents, photos, files and information across their PCs, phones, PC applications and Web sites

实时服务,以便用户在PC,电话,PC应用程序和网站上存储,共享和同步文档,照片,文件和信息的一致方式

• Microsoft SharePoint Services and Microsoft Dynamics CRM Services for business content, collaboration and rapid solution development in the cloud.

Microsoft SharePoint Services和Microsoft Dynamics CRM服务,用于云中的业务内容,协作和快速解决方案开发。

#4

Technically, Azure is a set of services running on vanilla Windows 2008 Servers running virtually inside of Hyper-V. Your app runs on those services, abstracted away from the actual operating system. Because of this, they are calling Azure a "Cloud Operating System". Unfortunately, these answers don't answer my question... so...

从技术上讲,Azure是一组运行在几乎在Hyper-V内部运行的vanilla Windows 2008 Server上的服务。您的应用程序在这些服务上运行,从实际操作系统中抽象出来。因此,他们将Azure称为“云操作系统”。不幸的是,这些答案没有回答我的问题...所以...

I re-formatted my question to something more generic: What is the difference between an OS and a Framework?

我将我的问题重新格式化为更通用的问题:操作系统和框架之间有什么区别?

#5

Windows Azure is both, a framework and an OS. The main two things any OS provide for the developers are the CPU and the memory which Windows Azure provide in different ways, through the compute node. it also provides a scalable storage to store several types of storage whether structure, unstructured or even semi structure data. please notice that the storage node runs on a different hardware resources than the compute node, which provides the system with better efficiency and high availability and scalability. if your application faces any problem, the system will automatically create another instance of it plus your data is replicated three times.

Windows Azure既是框架又是操作系统。任何操作系统为开发人员提供的主要功能是Windows Azure通过计算节点以不同方式提供的CPU和内存。它还提供可扩展的存储,以存储几种类型的存储,无论是结构,非结构化甚至是半结构数据。请注意,存储节点运行在与计算节点不同的硬件资源上,这为系统提供了更高的效率,高可用性和可扩展性。如果您的应用程序遇到任何问题,系统将自动创建它的另一个实例,并且您的数据将被复制三次。

As the Cloud Computing is a concept which consists mainly of three layers, the infrastructure, the platform and the software (as a service), each layer of them is targeting a specified segment. the windows azure is targeting the developers to build high available and scalable applications, it doesn't manage the infrastructure, it is installed on Windows Server which make the administration on the infrastructure, however as the Cloud Computing is based on Virtualization, Windows Azure has its own hypervisor it doesn't depend on Windows Server Hyper-V.

由于云计算是一个主要由三个层组成的概念,即基础架构,平台和软件(作为服务),它们的每一层都瞄准指定的细分市场。 windows azure的目标是开发人员构建高可用性和可扩展的应用程序,它不管理基础架构,它安装在Windows Server上,在基础架构上进行管理,但是当云计算基于虚拟化时,Windows Azure已经它自己的虚拟机管理程序它不依赖于Windows Server Hyper-V。

For the developers, which needs to build their applications on Cloud Computing they need a designed framework or platform that gives them the ability to do so.

对于需要在云计算上构建应用程序的开发人员,他们需要一个设计的框架或平台,使他们能够这样做。

that's why I think Windows Azure is not just a framework, and not just an OS it is both.

这就是为什么我认为Windows Azure不仅仅是一个框架,而不仅仅是一个操作系统。